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American explorer, soldier, and politician John Charles Frémont explored and mapped much of the American West and Northwest, served a United States senator from California from 1850 to 1851, and ran for president in 1856.
This military officer lost the election to James Buchanan, a Democrat, and ran against Abraham Lincoln before the elections in 1864. Frémont brokered a political deal, in which Lincoln removed Montgomery Blair, postmaster general, from office and afterward abandoned his political campaign in September 1864.
He purchased the Pacific railroad, losing the major part of his fortune on this proven unsuccessful investment. Rutherford Birchard Hayes, president, appointed him governor of Arizona from 1878 to 1881.