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昭和天皇與戰爭世紀
加藤 陽子
,
島田潔
(Translator)
,
林皎碧
(Translator)
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本書以昭和天皇為主題,昭和天皇並不是韋伯所期待那種面對客觀課題,具有能夠承擔完全責任之精神的政治人。我如此撰寫,既不是批判昭和天皇,也不是對其有所非難。因為在近代立憲制度下,天皇被禁止成為政治人。大日本帝國憲法第三條規定「天皇為神聖而不可侵犯之存在」,而被置於可不必承擔法律責任的地位。一八八八(明治二十二)年二月十一日頒布大日本帝國憲法,翌年設置帝國議會,昭和天皇繼明治天皇、大正天皇而成為立憲國家的天皇。然而,這個帶著權威主義氛圍,卻又巧妙控制皇室的明治立憲國家,面臨兩個挑戰。第一是大正民主主義(democracy)和政黨化的挑戰;第二是軍部政治化帶來的準戰時體制的進行。至今為止,原本不容參與國家意志形成的階級和政治主體,開始在政治上有所要求。就這一點來說,無論是第一的大正民主主義時期,還是第二的昭和戰前的準戰時體制時期,這是其共通之處。
400 pages, Hardcover
First published August 25, 2011
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加藤 陽子
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