Beethoven was not a fan of his own WoO 57. Tchaikovsky adored Russia and its people and culture and also had to hide that he was gay because it was illegal. At school he was sexual with both teachers and students. He once cross-dressed with Saint-Saens and they danced. He learned Chopin and loved Mozart, not Beethoven. His father was Ukrainian. In addition to piano, Tchaikovsky also played flute and tympani. One of his first great pieces was Song without Words. Balakirev suggested to him that he compose the Romeo & Juliet piece. Its love theme (his first masterpiece) was written in D flat. ‘Little Russian’ as in his ‘Little Russian’ Symphony, meant the Ukraine.
His Andante Cantabile from the First Quartet was his next masterpiece; its elegiac beauty made Tolstoy cry. T’s amazing First Piano Concerto was ripped apart by critics at first; proof that critics should go screw themselves before they screw others. He was accused of stealing from others, which hurt him deeply. In response, he said, “I shall not change a single note!” For this reason, he had it premiered in the US, far away from the nasty Russian critics. Fourteen years later, Mr. T changed its opening chords to the super dramatic way it starts today. My mother was a concert pianist who played with Eugene Ormandy and I can never forget listening to her practice that piece with full intensity while I’d be doing my homework as a kid.
Bizet died thinking Carmen was a failure. Of it, Mr. T wrote, “This music has no pretensions to profundity, but it is so charming in its simplicity, so vigorous, not contrived but instead sincere, that I learned all of it from beginning to end almost by heart.” Then he writes Swan Lake after Symphony #3. As a professor he stands out because the teachers around him are chasing after their female students, while Tchaikovsky preferred his male students. Then comes his Marche Slav which is adored. Unabashed war music always gets theoretically Christian people all a flutter. Mr. T marries, a super dumb idea that quickly becomes a life-long regret. He frequents male prostitutes. He gets a long-term benefactor named Nadezhda von Meck, which helps with finances. Then comes Eugene Onegin and the Fourth Symphony. In the 4th, his themes go between two keys: Cb and B. Pianists don’t see much of a difference between them, but string players sure do, those sharps will sound brighter.
“A melody can never appear in my head without its harmony. Both these musical elements, together with the rhythm, can never be separated from each other. That is, every melodic idea carries its own implicit harmony, and is unfailingly furnished with its own rhythmic structure.” “Sometimes one has to do oneself violence, be merciless and cruel to oneself, that is, cut off completely bits that had been conceived with love and inspiration.”
Tchaikovsky’s Serenade for Strings gets its effect from “using extensive double-stopping in violins and violas to create a towering structure of sound.” In the 1812 Overture, La Marseillaise is used to depict the Battle of Borodino. The cannon shots are there to depict the turning point of the battle. Mr. T’s Manfred Symphony is his only work w/o a number. He reads every night before sleep, and spends a lot of time in Kamenka in the Ukraine. His two favorite British authors are Dickens and Thackeray. He composes for five to six hours per day. Then comes Symphony #5, the string sextet Souvenir de Florence, and then the Nutcracker.
The Nutcracker is a relief after the Ballbreaker (his wife). Then comes Sleeping Beauty. Mr. T’s tour of the United States gets him more adoration and more response than he ever got in Russia. The Nutcracker Suite injures the success of the full ballet. The Kuznetsov portrait of Tchaikovsky is the only portrait he posed for and is considered the best likeness. Symphony #6 has a second movement in a rare 5/4. In those days, 5/4 was called “a limping waltz”. Symphony #6 is also the only symphony to end in a minor key. Written at the end of his life, it is musical defiance in the face of death.
In the end, Tchaikovsky is considered Russia’s most successful composer (especially at Christmas). The tsar said of him at his funeral, “We have many dukes and barons, but only one Tchaikovsky.” The best place to get a feel for life in Tchaikovsky-era tsarist Russia today, is St. Petersburg, the ‘Venice’ of the North with its 30 islands, almost 350 bridges, and 60 rivers and canals. Stalin removed a lot of the cool tsarist stuff from Moscow, so old Moscow today is basically St. Basil’s Cathedral and the walled Kremlin. Before reading this book, I had no idea that my three favorite Piano Concerti of all time, with the most beautiful melodies (Tchaikovsky #1, Saints-Saens #2, and Rachmaninoff #2), were both written by two gay men and a straight guy. For me, all three sound so achingly romantic. I thought the Nutcracker was so perfect, I bought an orchestral celeste just to play the Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy. Good book.