In 1988, Russian cosmonauts noticed that something from outer space was growing on the outside window of the Mir space station. It was alive, forming a thick living mat, and growing so quickly, that it soon became difficult to see outside. But even more It was eating its way through the window’s titanium quartz surface and was trying to get inside. Later, Natalia Novikova, a Russian microbiologist, determined that this living, pulsating, mass of tissue was fungus; fungi from space.
Rhawn Joseph is an American neuropsychologist and writer known for his controversial views on the origin of life on Earth and the origin of the Universe.
Joseph is involved with the pseudojournal Journal of Cosmology and is the author of Astrobiology: The Origins of Life and the Death of Darwinism, published in 2001. In the book he writes that "Contrary to Darwinism … the evidence now clearly indicates, that the evolution of life had been genetically predetermined and precoded…" Many of his book are published under his imprints of "University Pr" or Cosmology.org.
Joseph is an advocate of directed panspermia and has developed his own hypothesis about the origins of life on Earth. He believes that life did not originate on Earth but was transplanted here by "cosmic seeds" encased in space debris 700 million years after the formation of the planet. He claims that these genetic seeds filled with DNA contained the genetic instructions for the metamorphosis of all life, including human beings. He also rejects the neo-Darwinian synthesis, instead advocating a form of non-Darwinian evolution which he describes as a "pre-determined evolutionary metamorphosis" that is pre-programmed in DNA of all terrestrial life.