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جوهر الإنسانية: سعي لا ينتهي وحراك لا يتوقف

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مِن هوميروس حتَّى حرْبِ النُّجومِ والبَشرُ في سَعْيٍ دائِمٍ وحَرَاكٍ مُتواصِل؛ فمُنذُ اللَّحظةِ الأُولى الَّتِي خَطَا فِيها الإِنْسانُ عَلى الأَرْض، سَعَى إلَى مَا هُوَ أَبْعدُ مِن احْتِياجاتِهِ الأَساسِيَّةِ ورَفاهِيتِه الشَّخْصيَّة؛ سَعَى وَراءَ المَعْرفةِ والمُغامَرة. الإِنْسانُ يُخاطِرُ بحياتِهِ في تَسلُّقِ الجِبالِ بدافِعِ الفُضولِ والمُغامَرة، ويَدرُسُ ويُجرِّبُ الْتِماسًا للمَعْرفة، ووَصَلَ إلَى القَمرِ وما وَراءَه. إنَّ مَيْلَ الإِنْسانِ الَّذِي لا يَكِلُّ وَلَا يَمَلُّ إلَى السَّعْيِ المُستمِرِّ هُو تَحْديدًا — كَما يَرَى مُؤلِّفُ الكِتابِ — مَا جعَلَه مُتميِّزًا، وجعَلَه سيِّدَ كُلِّ الكائِناتِ والأَحْياءِ الأُخْرى عَلى الأَرْض.

إنَّه كِتابٌ مَلْحَميٌّ عَنِ العِلمِ والفَلْسفةِ والدِّينِ والفُنُون، ودِراسةٌ لماضِي الجِنسِ البَشريِّ ومُستقبَلِه؛ حَيثُ يَتتبَّعُ الحَياةَ عَلى الأَرْضِ بَدْءًا مِنَ الخَلايا البَدَائِيَّة، مُرُورًا بالحَضاراتِ القَدِيمةِ والعُظماءِ مِنَ الفنَّانِينَ والعُلَماءِ والمُستكشِفِينَ في الماضِي، حتَّى بِدايةِ التَّجارِبِ الوِراثِيةِ في العصْرِ الحالِي.

446 pages, Unknown Binding

First published August 18, 2003

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Displaying 1 - 6 of 6 reviews
Profile Image for Ghadeer Hussein.
204 reviews1,447 followers
April 25, 2019
فكرتين مهمين في الكتاب دا
ما الذي يجعلنا بشر؟
دا سؤال قديم أوي وفلاسفة كتير حاولوا يجاوبوا عليه، هل الإنسان هو إنسان لانه بيفكر؟ولا لانه بيندمج في مجتمعات مع بشر تانيين ولا لانه بيسعي لحياة أفضل؟
في الأغلب النزعة الاستكشافية والسعي هما اللي بيميزوا الإنسان عن مخلوقات تانية وبيقدر الإنسان يعمل الموضوع دا كويس باستخدام قدراته العقلية.

الفكرة التانية المهمة هي المحنة
"تحدي المحنة
إنه التحدي؛ تحدي المجهول، الذي له جاذبية خاصة لدى الإنسان؛ لأن البحث جزء أساسي من طبيعته؛ فهو يبحث عن طرق للتغلب على المِحنة، وللنجاح حيثما فشل أسلافه. وقد رأينا أن رغبة الإنسان الفطرية في الاستكشاف أدَّت إلى استقراره في جميع أنحاء العالم."

المحنة هي اللي بتدفع الإنسان انه يصنع حضارة وتاريخ الإنسانية
بيقول لنا إن الحاجة أم الاختراع.

كتاب ممتع ومفيد.
Profile Image for Marissa.
297 reviews2 followers
June 8, 2013
I had really mixed feelings about this book. To give some background, Charles Pasternak is a biochemist and has written other books/texts relating to biology and biochemistry. He took on this book with a very clear thesis: what drives all human endeavors, and all life really, is searching and curiosity. Aka, to quest. He proves this thesis by examining molecular biology, anthropology, some history, some religion, and modern science. For one thing, it's clear he's a biochemist. The chapters relating to the natural sciences are much better written than the ones on history. His summaries of ancient civilizations or of ancient rulers are jilted and don't flow as nicely as his explanations of metabolism or the mechanics of using stem cells.

His writing also gets so off topic at times that you forget what the point was in the first place. In fact, many concluding paragraphs to a thought state "my point is blah." We should be able to know what your point is without you telling us. One example of Pasternak getting off course can be found on page 144 when he quotes 35 lines of The Odyssey . He often goes into stories about famous inventors that are unnecessary to the point he's making.

A huge part of the premise of his thesis is that he's being objective. This is a good thing, considering he's tackling topics from natural selection to religion to hot topics like GM food. However, he is often not objective and sometimes falls into outright offensive viewpoints. Take one example from his chapter on adversity, achievement, and civilization:
"Most people on earth today lead better lives than they would have one 5000 years ago. If the poverty-stricken slum dwellers of Mexico City or Mumbai (formerly Bombay) are worse off today than their ancient forebears were, it is because their attempt to improve the quality of their lives by moving from village to city in search of work proved to be in error: there were no jobs. The quest was there, but the road they followed was the wrong one."
Umm, what? Right, it's the fault of those in poverty that they're in that state. Right, if they just got up and moved to the countryside, everything would be better. Right, they themselves moved there, not their parents or families. Sucks to be them, guess they made the wrong choice and we can't do or shouldn't do anything to help them now.

At the end of this same chapter, Pasternak makes claims that native peoples of New Guinea, Venezuela, Africa and other places have no towns, no literature, no technology or commerce. They have made no civilization. And then he has the gaul to say:
"Do they therefore lead a less fulfilling life than we do? I make no comment."
You just made a comment. Way to be impartial and objective.

My last example of non-objectivity comes from the chapter discussing art and culture. The author presents the state of modern art/music:
"Today, it seems to me, many who consider themselves artists have stopped searching for beauty or perfection. Devoid of the skills necessary to achieve either result, they have traded talent for chutzpah [his italics]: they search merely for ways to shock. It is not an arduous quest. You can achieve it simply by taking down your trousers or exposing your bosom in public, or by peppering your speech with obscenities. And that is precisely what modern art in the Western world is in danger or becoming: pickled animals and fetuses: a dead horse hanging from the ceiling[...he goes on] an unmade bed complete with used condom: a poem about masturbation[...and so on]. (I assure you I am not making any of this up)."
Folks, here we are presented with a grumpy old man who hates anything the young people are doing. Not only are we doing nothing but shocking people, we have no talent. Great. Again, this is the author who claims complete objectivity.

There are more examples of eyebrow-raising moments, contradictions, subjective opinions, and complete disregarding of anyone else's opinions or arguments (see the chapter on GM Foods). The scientific writing was great and he provided an excellent history of early man. But perhaps the author should stick to biochemistry and complaining with his buddies.
Profile Image for Andrew.
3 reviews
November 11, 2011
A little dry, but very informative for anyone with an interest in what motivates humanity to do what it does.
Profile Image for Sleman Hajajra.
17 reviews
September 17, 2021
كتاب مثير، شامل للكثير من المجالات، ٤٠٠ صفحة من المعرفة !
Profile Image for Abrar Alhasi.
14 reviews2 followers
December 13, 2021
جميل، تبدأ قراءته وأنتَ لديك سؤال واحد، تُنهيه وقد أضاء في عقلك عشرات الأسئلة.

الكتاب ماتع جداً، سلس جداً، ويتنوّع محتواه بين العلمي والفلسفي والتاريخيّ، إنّه يتحدث عن الإنسان، من وجهة نظر عالم الكيمياء الحيويّة حيناً، ومن وجهة نظر المستقرئ للتاريخ حيناً آخر، إنّه يريدُ أن يعرّفنا بماذا يجعل الإنسانُ إنساناً؟ فلا غرابة حينئذ في هذه التجميعة من العلوم والمواضيع. في رأي الكاتب أن ما قاد الإنسان للسيطرة النسبيّة على ما حولع هو سعيُه وفضولُه. وهو يحاول خلال هذه الرحلة أن يستعرضَ لك دلالات هذا الفضول ومنشأه. وأشياءَ أخرى.

تصحيح جُغرافيّ: نهرُ الأردن يقع بين الأردن وفلسطين. أمّا بلاد الشام قديماً فهي تشمل سوريا ولبنان والأردن وفلسطين. معلومة بديهيّة نعم. !
Profile Image for الشناوي محمد جبر.
1,332 reviews338 followers
June 4, 2025
بحب الكتب اللي بتتكلم عن حركة الإنسن من بداياته الأولي أيام ما كان بيعيش بدون أي أثر يدل عليه علي الأرض، وبنشوف بعدها الإنسان وصل لإيه علي الأرض والفضاء ، وبيطمح لإيه.
بحب أشوف البدايات والطموحات والمسافة بينهما.
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