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Irish Peacock and Scarlet Marquess: The Real Trial of Oscar Wilde

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'As good as being in the gallery. Enthralling.' Peter Ackroyd, The Times The original transcript of the famous Wilde vs Queensberry trial, containing previously unseen details and exchanges. With extensive footnotes and a new introduction, this definitive account is a dramatic read that will delight Wilde enthusiasts and the general reader. One of the most famous love affairs in literary history is that of Oscar Wilde and Lord Alfred ‘Bosie’ Douglas. When it became public, it cost Wilde everything. Merlin Holland has discovered the original courtroom transcript of the trial which led to his grandfather’s tragedy. Here at last is the true record, without the distortions of previous accounts. On 18 February 1895 Bosie’s father, the Marquess of Queensberry, delivered a note to the Albemarle Club addressed to ‘Oscar Wilde posing as somdomite [sic]’. With Bosie’s encouragement, Wilde decided to sue the Marquess for libel. As soon as the trial opened London’s literary darling was at the centre of the greatest scandal of his time. Wilde’s fall from grace was his case lost, prosecution by the Crown soon followed, ending in the imprisonment that destroyed his health – even as his art, as Wilde put it, improved through ‘suffering’. In this remarkable book we witness Wilde’s confidence ebbing under the relentless questioning and see him lose track of the witty lines for which he was famous. Ultimately, it was his wit that betrayed him.

384 pages, Paperback

First published November 1, 2003

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About the author

Merlin Holland

33 books45 followers
Christopher Merlin Vyvyan Holland is a British biographer and editor. He is the only grandchild of Oscar Wilde, whose life he has researched and written about extensively.

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Displaying 1 - 30 of 42 reviews
Profile Image for Evan.
1,087 reviews906 followers
December 7, 2011
There actually were three trials of Oscar Wilde, of which this book reconstructs only the first, although the introductory and supplemental text fails to make this very clear. Buried deep in the text near the end of the book is the fact that the records of the subsequent two trials have been mysteriously lost.

What does become clear in reading this detailed blow-by-blow of Wilde's April 1895 libel action against the Marquess of Queensberry is that the "trials of Oscar Wilde" cannot be made into something so simplistic as the modern/postmodern mind would like. This case was not something as cut-and-dried as "Oh how horrible the world treated the heroic martyred gay hero, Oscar Wilde." It may have been that, but such an assessment would only be tenable if we understood the inner motives of why Wilde choose to take the self-destructive and politically foolish path of pursuing the libel charge against Queensberry. It may be--and there is some indirect evidence of this from other of his writings--that Wilde chose for the sake of posterity to become cannon fodder in the cause of same-sex love. Wilde, as a very self-conscious artist confident in his control of his artistry and believer in the hearty pursuit of one's bliss, might have believed that his trials constituted a kind of public artist creation that he could ultimately control, a sort of outrageous performance art. Or, he might merely have gotten carried away in his indignant need for revenge. Wilde, used to public and critical accolades, may have thought he could control the outcome of this case, but he apparently failed to realize that in a public trial the outcome is as uncertain as in the gladiatorial arena; it is a place where the artist's control of his poetic faculties and powers holds little sway.

In many ways, Wilde was foolish for initiating the libel action against Queensberry because by doing so he invited his opponents to investigate and throw open the doors to not only his own lifestyle but that of the entire British gay underground. It was a gauntlet thrown that the law would pick up with relish, and Wilde's lifestyle/sexual orientation was highly illegal and would remain so under British law all the way until the 1960s.

In a nutshell, Wilde was having a very public love affair with a delicately handsome young man half his age, Lord Alfred Douglas, son of the Marquess of Queensberry and brother of a man who committed suicide under mysterious circumstances very likely related to his own homosexuality. The Marquess, distraught over the death of one son and concerned about the sexual exploits of Lord Douglas and his lack of career progress, tried to get his son away from Wilde, with no success. In desperation, the Marquess left an insulting note at Wilde's gentleman's club accusing him of "posing as a Sodomite." Wilde charged the Marquess with libel over this card, which necessitated the defense's absolute duty to expose Wilde as a "sodomite" (which he was, which is not to say I am condoning that term).

The trial as rendered word-for-word here becomes a seemingly interminable and nitpicky exercise, mainly devoted to the cross examination of Wilde by his opponent's lawyer, Edward Carson. The point of Carson's seemingly petty and irrelevant inquiries of Wilde about his habits and associations becomes abundantly clear once his brilliant and persuasive opening statement for the defense is made. It's pretty clear that Wilde's goose is cooked, leading to Wilde's dismissal of the charges against Queensberry. But by then it was too late. Wilde was arrested after this aborted trial and put on trial twice more, now as the defendant himself on charges of indecency.

This book, which is the first to reconstruct the entirety of the only extant trial record of the Wilde case, is fascinating and invaluable. I'm very glad to have read this and to finally get a true taste of what really happened at these oft-alluded-to trials. I was actually quite surprised at how persuasive Edward Carson's arguments against Wilde turned out to be, and found myself reading the transcript out loud for maximum appreciation of the text. But of course I am a ham and love movies with dramatic courtroom scenes.

All in all, a solid piece of scholarship and a must-read for anyone interested in the history of gay and lesbian rights.
Profile Image for Christine.
7,231 reviews571 followers
January 13, 2012
Unless you have been living undera rock (and if you are, can I join you?) there is whole primary election thing happening here in the U.S. In short, the media tells everyone who to vote for, and every so often a group of people vote for someone different. This person is usually strange and makes the media know it alls stupids plundits scratch thier heads. This is done so the chances of electing someone who know what he/she is doing is small.

At the very least, it does lead to debates that are as amusing as they are depressing or shocking in the stupidity of talking heads. In one of the more recent debates, the moderators, in particular, and, therefore, the candiates seemed obessessed with the idea of homosexual marriage. I'm not sure why, maybe so the homophobic jerk candiate would say something insulting to remind everyone why they voted him out of office in the greatest landslide in history. (They were also focusing on birth control for some reason).

The point here is that dispite all our advances as human beings, when you read something like this book, dated from over 100 years ago (the trial not the book), you realize we haven't really come that far.

It's enough to make you take to drinking.

Wilde declared his brillance, yet like all brillant people he fell due to a huge step in stupidity (perhaps making up for something). It is hard not to read this and keep quiet. You want to shout "Objection" "Stop talking!" "Let Stephen Fry do it". "Shut up Oscar!" "I don'care if he looked like Jude Law, be quiet".

Sadly he doesn't listen.


If you like Wilde, you should read this transcript of the first trial, the starting point for his jail time and the destruction of his life.
Profile Image for Laura Whichello.
13 reviews10 followers
September 22, 2018
This is a difficult book to review.
Holland (WIlde's grandson) writes an excellent introduction giving a condensed account of the events surrounding the trial and the trial itself, but the greater part of the book is, of course, the transcript of the trial.
Wilde is witty, intelligent and even Artistic in the witness box, and in many ways the reading experience is like being in the gallery yourself. At times it can be tedious - the repetition of names and dates and particulars, but on the whole it is simply painful and sad. No matter why Wilde foolishly decided to go ahead with the suit and damn himself in the process, this was still an exercise in publicly cornering a man into admitting nothing but his true nature. The image of an animal pinned open on an examining table kept flashing in my mind. Carson (for the defense) methodically turns Wilde's Art and his passions into something ugly. The punishment is heartbreaking, an ignominious and tragic end for one of the brightest lights of the period.
As John Mortimer wrote in the 2002 introduction to the book "The truth had been exposed, but it was still a shameful day for British justice".

Also, I can highly recommend watching this alongside the 1997 film 'Wilde' with Stephen Fry in the title role. Much of the dialogue is taken directly from the trial, and its beautifully done.
Profile Image for Fruit Reader.
2 reviews149 followers
April 1, 2019
J'ai abandonné ce livre de non-fiction à cause des longueurs et des répétitions constantes des mêmes idées. Je pense ne pas du tout être réceptive au format du procès, malheureusement, même si j'adore l'écrivain Oscar Wilde.
Profile Image for Sandi.
239 reviews5 followers
September 16, 2017
Fascinating, horrifying, embarrassing, painful--Oscar Wilde's first trial shows what can happen when the audience doesn't get the joke.

This is a reconstruction of Wilde's first trial, where Wilde was the plaintiff, accusing the Marquess of Queensbury of libel for accusing Wilde of "posing somdomite." Even though Wilde was the plaintiff, it was clear from this transcript that Wilde was really the one on trial as he took on the burden of proof to show that he wasn't what the Marquess accused him of.

In that way, Wilde was doomed from the start, and should never have been drawn into what essentially was a spat between Wilde's lover, Alfred Lord Douglas and his father, the Marquess. As the defense trotted out damning letters and put Wilde in a situation where he had to answer directly, accounting for contact with various disreputable figures and places, he was left without recourse to his evasive wit. And, though Wilde's flippancy got laughs in the beginning of the trial, it was clear that it went downhill fast. He seemed to take it for granted that his popularity would carry him through, but ultimately he didn't have a strategy that could work with the Victorian audience.

A particular turning point in the trial was when Wilde responded flippantly to the question of whether he had relations with a particular man, by saying of course he didn't--the man was "unfortunately ugly." Oh, Wilde! The defense leaped on this moment and the implication that physical attractiveness would have more of a determining factor than gender in choosing a sexual partner.

But, more than this moment, what I found most disturbing about the trial was how much it relied on his book, Picture of Dorian Gray, and put him in the position of defending his art as a representation of himself and his moral character. Even though Wilde was the initiator of the trial, that is scary, dystopian-1984-mind police-stuff. The defense took the stance that only someone with an immoral mind could think up the immoral matter in the book, which, by any standards today is supremely tame (which ultimately doesn't matter, I believe, since I agree with Wilde that no work of art is immoral in and of itself). Wilde's defense in trial as well as in a number of letters and reviews was that he merely alluded to Dorian's immorality--it's the audience who has a dirty mind and reads this into the book.

It was a clever but losing strategy because what Victorian lawyer or judge is going to admit that the homosexuality that he sees in a work of art is his own rather than the artist's? Rhetorically, Wilde's strategy assumes that the author has a superior position to the audience, and that doesn't always sit well. The court saw the whole situation as Wilde thumbing his nose at the establishment, because, frankly, he was. He demanded the ability to hide in plain sight, consort with whomever he wanted and address these people as equals if he (not society) deemed them worthy, write unconstrained by prevailing tastes--and--to do all of this while being protected from the harassive speech of others.

I think it's right to see his story as a tragic and very conflicted one--he was proud and committed to a stance that he thought should be, by all the rules of the game, acceptable in Victorian society. He wasn't willing to flee because he thought he could run the show like a dinner party, but he miscalculated, took bad advice, and the public was more than willing to give their Socrates his poison.

This trial led quickly into the next, where Wilde actually was the defendant as charges of gross indecency were brought against him, but that's covered in various other books.

This book is very much worth having for anyone interested in Wilde or Victorian culture. Holland's introduction is fascinating as he is the grandson of Wilde and a scholar; his introduction is easy to follow and extremely interesting. There are several very illuminating supplemental materials in the appendix.
Profile Image for Elsa Feiring.
52 reviews4 followers
January 5, 2009
This was extremely interesting. I loved reading the actual transcipts of the trial. But, by nature of it being a transcript, I didn't get into the flow of the story of the events, other than Merlin's lengthy preface at the beginning. After slogging through a while, I realized that pretty much all I needed to know about Ocar's trial had already been accounted for me, and that there was little left for me to gain except for the occasional witty quip in the court room--nice, but generally unneeded. Still, quite a stirring series of events that ultimately doomed one of my favorite writers. This is a real tale of pride and prejudice.
Profile Image for A. J.
Author 7 books32 followers
January 5, 2018
I had a chance to read this book while I was on my anniversary trip at the Sylvia Beach Hotel. 

Reading about Oscar Wilde's trial was very interesting and frustrating at the same time. Interesting because Wilde had such an entertaining personality, and he says some really brilliant things about art throughout the trial.  But it was also frustrating because the case would never have stood up in court today. Half the trial was "Mr. Wilde writes about men who are gay therefore he's gay, therefore we should punish him."  I'm serious. That's what it was. The other half was about how he had friends who were suspected to be gay, and of course there were also his letters. But this is what they condemned him on. It made me so mad. 

I fully recommend reading the transcript of the trial. Maybe not all of it, since it did get repetitive in places, the prosecutors went on and on about the same things. But definitely try to read this book.  Though equality for the LGBTQA+ still has a long way to go, it's an eye-opening experience to read more about what gay people had to live through in the past. For me it helps me to appreciate how far we've come, and feel motivated to do more for our community. 
Profile Image for Matthew.
9 reviews2 followers
August 23, 2010
It was fascinating to read Carson's interpretation of the modes of the Aesthetes' style and works as signifiers of a homosexual identity. One can read the transcript of this trial as anticipating/fashioning a modern homosexual identity. It was also fascinating to follow Wilde as his self-confidence and wit shatters under cross-examination. I share the opinion of many that Wilde foolishly led himself towards self-destruction through his case against Queensberry. What was his reason for doing so? Hubris? Nihilistic joissance a la Decadence? Surely he wasn't trying to become a gay martyr. These questions are not analyzed in great depth by Holland's introduction nor are they really the focus of this text, but after reading the transcript, I can't help but wonder what might have happened had Wilde followed the advice of his friends by not going to trial. On the other hand, I also wonder, given the themes of Wilde and his contemporaries' writings, whether or not Wilde really had a choice in the matter.
Profile Image for Laura L. Van Dam.
Author 2 books159 followers
April 12, 2016
Muy interesante libro acerca del juicio por indecencia de Oscar Wilde.
Contiene transcripciones de los juicios, algunas fotos de involucrados en el caso y también material que no había visto antes como fotos de cartas de puño y letra del escritor y personas relacionadas con el juicio.
Por otro lado, es un libro muy triste. No sólo por las implicaciones que tuvo el juicio para Wilde y su familia (el autor del libro es el nieto del escritor por lo cual lo cuenta como testigo privilegiado) sino también me terminó dando mucha pena Bosie, una persona con la que no simpatizaba. El marqués de Queensberry, por todo lo que se lee en este libro, era evidentemente una persona tiránica que se dedicó a hacer la vida de sus hijos y su mujer lo más miserables posible.
Algunas alusiones a los allanamientos a las Molly Houses victorianas, pero con poco detalle, ya que evidentemente en estos juicios todo se contaba de manera velada y no directa. Increíbles los datos sobre la prostitución masculina en la época victoriana.
Me gustó mucho.
Profile Image for Alexis Hall.
Author 59 books15k followers
Read
May 8, 2015
Brought to you courtesy of Reading Project 2015.

I read this for the trial transcripts - which, for them as interested in this sort of thing, I should emphasise are just of the first.

Since I was in it solely for said transcripts, the extensive preamble got in my way, but it's useful context if you're not already achingly familiar with the material.
Profile Image for Laura.
7,134 reviews607 followers
June 29, 2014
From BBC Radio 4 - Saturday Drama:
Oscar Wilde's courtroom battle with the Marquess of Queensbury. Wilde naturally assumes that he can take on the man who invented the rules of boxing and win. Based on the book "Irish Peacock and Scarlet Marquess" by Merlin Holland (Oscar's grandson).
Profile Image for juli.
48 reviews
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December 15, 2022
I’m not going to rate this book because it’s a literal transcription of what was said in Oscar Wilde’s trial, but I am going to say that I enjoyed it very much 🌈✨
Profile Image for Skyler Boudreau.
105 reviews19 followers
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June 22, 2024
I’m not exactly sure how to rate this book, given that it’s a transcript of a court proceeding. It feels weird to rate the transcript of a historical event. That being said, I found it fascinating and it was very informative.
Profile Image for Emmy B..
604 reviews152 followers
February 10, 2017
A fascinating read. It is a transcript of the actual trial (I believe the first of them) that would eventually lead to Oscar Wilde's prosecution and arrest - this takes up the bulk of the book, and for anyone who is a fan of Oscar Wilde this is a treasure, because you can read an actual conversation he had, and you can tell when he is being flippant and when he is getting angry. But there is also an introduction by his grandson, which includes bits about his private life, and the recollections of Wilde's son, Vyvyan, which are also interesting. Naturally, you can only read this sort of book with uneasiness: you know Oscar Wilde is lying about his associations with the various young men he has been accused of having had 'unnatural' relations with, but at the same time you feel like he is talking to you, over a hundred years in the future, because you and he know how absurd the law is, and how absurd the accusations. I couldn't put it down.
Profile Image for Jennifer.
138 reviews
May 11, 2008
very interesting how this book came about. it's transcribed from the short hand of court clerks present at OW's 1st trai. i wish it was the 2nd one too! :) great read and hard to put down. very exciting but of course sad b/c we know how it all ends. probably the closest we'll ever get to hearing OW's actual way of speaking. really makes you feel like a fly on the wall. :) bzzzzz
Profile Image for Kerry Price.
10 reviews1 follower
October 1, 2008
An absolute must read for anyone interested in Victorian-era counterculture. The book reads like a play, but is in fact the closest thing to an accurate trial transcript out there. The detailed descriptions of everyday life that come through in the cross-examination are wonderful.
Profile Image for Acacia.
63 reviews
July 31, 2015
This is an incredible book; it is a complete record of the actual transcripts from the libel trial that led subsequently to Wilde's conviction, edited and noted by his own grandson!!! Well worth a read if you're an Oscar Wilde fan, particularly to see his almost self-destructive fall from grace.
Profile Image for Grace.
3 reviews15 followers
January 2, 2016
Wilde's wit is truly captured in this transcript of his 1895 indecency trial
Profile Image for Alyssa.
73 reviews
December 23, 2017
Not much can be said about this book apart from the fact it is wholly what it appears to be. The transcripts are fascinating and at many points vividly entertaining, but they are still transcripts.
Profile Image for Paul Bulger.
159 reviews
June 23, 2017
Courtroom transcripts are rarely this entertaining.

The Real Trial of Oscar Wilde is not what I expected it to be. I had anticipated this to be an actual book about Oscar Wilde's infamous libel lawsuit, not the literal courtroom transcripts, and while some of the transcripts are a bit dry, uninteresting, and repetitive, the thing that truly stands out and makes this a delightful read is Wilde's wit.

Oscar Wilde seemed a delightful personality, as he nimbly twists around the words of his examiners and spits them back, the way he dances around with his words and refuses to allow himself to be confined to reductive language, is marvelous to watch.

His person is so animated, so character-like, it's easy to be so thoroughly charmed that you momentarily forget this also happens to work as a meditation on what makes art beautiful, as well as a glaring example of one of the justice system's greatest failings.

Now if only this book featured a lot more of Wilde's orations, and a lot less of the prosecuting and defending lawyers, Clarke and Carson, whose drab, reductive words, only manage to detract from the colorful, insightful way in which Oscar Wilde perceives the people and the world around him.
But of course, this isn't a real book, but merely a courtroom transcript, so of course the lawyers are going to steal the show from the colorful personalities I'd rather be hearing more from.
Profile Image for Mishehu.
603 reviews28 followers
January 26, 2024
An important document. Presents the full(?) transcript of Wilde's first trial (as accuser), chronicling a dismal episode in 19th century British history. To the extent Wilde came under (certain) Me2ish accusations, it's hard to muster total sympathy for him as a person. At their core, though, the Wilde trials weren't about someone wielding their authority to corrupt youth as much as they were about fundamental gender/sexuality rights. By the laws of the times, Wilde was hands-down guilty. If it wasn't possible to make an 'airtight' evidential case against him, the defendant's lawyers had no difficulty making an overwhelming circumstantial one. It's painful reading Wilde's on-the-hook attempts at wriggling off, time after time, as the prosecution presents him with damning evidence of his associations/behaviors. What's dismal, of course (at least in the view of this reader) is that Wilde's sexuality, per se, should have been the object of social opprobrium and legal proscription in his day (or any day). It's embarrassing, even all these generations later, to read the transcript of Wilde being grilled in regard to his peccadillos. Not faulting anyone for how the first trial at least was conducted: the defense handled it masterfully -- simply lamenting (re Wilde and all the lesser lights who suffered so long under Britain's discriminatory laws) -- that these trials ever took place.
Profile Image for Sam Duffy.
73 reviews1 follower
June 12, 2021
A very interesting look into the first trial of Oscar Wilde, through its complete transcript, related materials, and a fantastic introduction by the author's grandson. If you are interested in Wilde, The Portrait of Dorian Gray, or the treatment of LGBT people historically, I highly recommend this book. I wish that there was more included outside of the transcript and introduction, I would have liked a larger overview of the following trials in lieu of their missing transcripts. That said, I have seen some note that the book does not well convey that there were three trials, this being the first—I disagree here. The introduction made this clear, though not repeated, to my recollection.
Profile Image for Neha.
10 reviews
November 30, 2024
This was heartbreakingly fascinating to read. Oscar Wilde is my all time favourite author and truly one of my favourite people. It was tragic what happened to him and those awful things that he went through and sentenced for 2 years hard labour and all of that, it should NEVER have happened to him. He was a beautiful soul and an incredible man.
Profile Image for Thany.
203 reviews3 followers
April 5, 2022
**read in response to 2022 popsugar reading challenge prompt “A book with a protagonist who uses a mobility aid”** [this may have been a stretch… oscar wilde was known to regularly walk with a cane, but i’m not sure whether it was a true mobility aid, or if it was just an accessory.]
Profile Image for Rachel.
389 reviews6 followers
November 24, 2021
It was a much more interesting read than I'd have expected from the transcript of a Victorian-era trial. I also appreciated the intro written by Wilde's grandson, a scholar on the topic.
Profile Image for Kadri.
409 reviews18 followers
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November 9, 2023
iga päevaga on aina raskem kinni hoida lootusest, et inimsugu tervikuna on siiski hea ja õiglane
Profile Image for Lee.
25 reviews
August 8, 2024
If your special interest is in Wilde like mine, and you want to know how Wilde actually spoke in daily life, this is the book for you. Super interesting insight into the trials as it’s the literal transcripts
Displaying 1 - 30 of 42 reviews

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