What do you think?
Rate this book
Knowledge in a Nutshell
Classical Philosophy In A Nutshell
Classical Philosophy in a Nutshell explains the key ideas of the great philosophers of antiquity in an accessible, easy-to-understand format.
Each chapter features helpful summaries of the main philosophical concepts and the biographies of both famous and lesser-known classical philosophers - as well as a few words on their relevance today.
The book includes a diagram of the "Philosopher's Family Tree," flaps for easy place-keeping, a handy index, and a range of philosophers and schools of thought from the Classical Era,
• Socrates
• Plato
• Aristotle
• Marcus Aurelius
• Pythagoras
• Seneca
ABOUT THE The critically-acclaimed Knowledge in a Nutshell series provides accessible and engaging introductions to wide-ranging topics, written by experts in their fields.
Each chapter features helpful summaries of the main philosophical concepts and the biographies of both famous and lesser-known classical philosophers - as well as a few words on their relevance today.
The book includes a diagram of the "Philosopher's Family Tree," flaps for easy place-keeping, a handy index, and a range of philosophers and schools of thought from the Classical Era,
• Socrates
• Plato
• Aristotle
• Marcus Aurelius
• Pythagoras
• Seneca
ABOUT THE The critically-acclaimed Knowledge in a Nutshell series provides accessible and engaging introductions to wide-ranging topics, written by experts in their fields.
- GenresPhilosophy
233 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 2018
About the author
Michael Moore
2 booksLibrarian note: There is more than one author with this name on Goodreads. This profile is for Michael^^^^^^^Moore, philosophy.
Michael Moore is completing a doctorate in philosophy at the University of Chicago. He specializes in the ideas of Plato and Aristotle and in the works of Epicurus, Plotinus, and Lucretius among others. While his primary concern is philosophy, he enjoys classical poetry, drama, and literature.
Michael Moore is completing a doctorate in philosophy at the University of Chicago. He specializes in the ideas of Plato and Aristotle and in the works of Epicurus, Plotinus, and Lucretius among others. While his primary concern is philosophy, he enjoys classical poetry, drama, and literature.
Ratings & Reviews
Friends & Following
Create a free account to discover what your friends think of this book!
Community Reviews
Displaying 1 - 5 of 5 reviews
June 1, 2026
While this book is nicely structured and illustrated, the author did not possess the skill of writing. Bro rambles and loses me so often I had to relearn everything from Gemini. The facts were interesting tho. I enjoyed the things I've learned from this.
- The myth-lover is a philosopher. Myths could be metaphors or allegories for other truths, like the nature of the soul, the meaning of love and the human contemplation of mortality
- Anaxagoras - why would someone to prefer to live than not to be born? 'To observe the sky and order of the universe'. The goal of life was observation and from the arose freedom.
- Heraclitus - is the way up is also the way down, but an unapparrent harmony is better than an apparent one, unity of opposites affirms that within the apparent hostility and opposition seen in the world, there is a hidden unity
- Democritus - nature and teaching are neighbors. For teaching reshapes a person, and in doing so creates a nature. A good word cannot deface a base action, nor can a good action be defiled by the outrage of a word. More people come to be good by practice than by nature. Because the atomic world lacks purpose, reason must be used on things to benefit our own self-interest.
- Sophists. Derived from Greek Philo means loving, Sophia means Wisdom.
- Sophists had the practice of making the weaker argument stronger, a sophist would take up the side with less validity, credence or truth.
- Hercules was visited by two nymphs. The former offered him an easy and contented life, the latter offered a hard and challenging path filled with glory.
- Socrates : To have knowledge of virtue is all one needs to be virtuous, if you have knowledge of it, you are virtuous. Virtue is knowledge. But if people act out of vice, they still believe that what they are doing is good. Sometimes people do it out of ignorance because they appear to be right choices.
- Elenchus (refutation)
- The 'theory of form' addresses that 'things are in constant flux', a beautiful flower participates in the Form of Beauty until it withers and does not participate anymore.
- Plato believed that we recollect Knowledge rather than acquire it, because we have latent knowledge inside us from a previous life, allowing us to define and compare 'forms'. Reincarnation.
- the four causes. Material (what it's made of) , efficient (who made it?) , formal (what's the blueprint/shape?) and final cause (what's it purpose?)
-to achieve eudaimonia, you can't just sit around existing. You have to actively use your reason to live a life of virtue (or arete, meaning excellence). This involves a few key elements:
Developing Good Character: Cultivating virtues like courage, generosity, honesty, and kindness.
The Golden Mean: Finding the perfect balance in your actions. For example, courage is the sweet spot between being a coward (too little confidence) and being reckless (too much confidence).
Action, Not Just Thought: You aren't virtuous just because you know what the right thing to do is; you have to actually do it, consistently, until it becomes a habit
- Aristotle famously noted that you can’t really judge if someone achieved eudaimonia until their life is over.
"One swallow does not make a summer, neither does one fine day."
- Domain of virtue seeks to find the mean. Too much confidence, it's Excess (rashness), too little, it's Deficiency (cowerdice). The mean is Courage.
- an aristocracy is rule by the most virtuous, wise, and capable citizens.
- oligarchy: rich few
- Plato low key hates Homer (poet and storyteller) because he thinks people reading his work will act like the misbehaving Greek Gods. Plato's mission was to ban this thinking and rewire brains to look to intellect and virtue instead.
-Exegetical refers to the critical, objective explanation or interpretation of a text—especially religious texts like the Bible—to draw out the author's original meaning, rather than projecting modern ideas onto them
- academic skepticsm (we acknowledge that we don't know everything), phyrronian skepticsm (maybe, maybe not. We're still lookin) phyrronists want philosophical tranquility. If you right, you right, if I'm wrong, I'm wrong. it's chill. No stress.
- 10 modes of Phyrronian skepticsm (differences among animals, humans, sense faculties, psychological condition, cultural relativism, circumstances and conditions, appearances, quantity and quality, acquaintance and novelty, relations)
- non-cognitive impressions (mirages, unclear, distorted)
-stoics (3 moral distinctions: choice-worthy/good, to be rejected/bad, indifferent/preferred or dispreferred)
- For the Stoics, an assertable is the non-physical meaning behind a declarative sentence. It is the exact thought-content that steps up to the microphone and makes a claim about the universe—and because it makes a claim, it forces the universe to declare it either True or False. Everything else in language is just background noise, questions, or raw data; assertables are where logical truth actually happens.
- Zeno (Open hand: impression, slightly closed fist: assent, agreeing to impression, closed fist: grasping knowledge, left hand covering right hand: unbreakable wisdom, understanding) but a stressful situation can pry the left hand away, causing someone to doubt themselves.
- epicurus (four-fold remedy) there is two pains, chronic and acute. There is a limit to pleasure. The limit is not how much food we can eat or indulge, but the removal of pain. Death doesn't concern us, "the gods are aloof, they do not care of creating a heaven or hell to reward or punish us."
- anima (soul), animus (mind)
- Seneca (ingratitude is the worst kind of human evil)
- Marcus Aurelius - the good life is lonely and difficult, such that fellow man shuns you. In this regard, live as if you are on a mountain, secluded from all and yet visible to all as an example.
- Plotinus is the most psychedelic philosopher I've ever known hahahaha
- The myth-lover is a philosopher. Myths could be metaphors or allegories for other truths, like the nature of the soul, the meaning of love and the human contemplation of mortality
- Anaxagoras - why would someone to prefer to live than not to be born? 'To observe the sky and order of the universe'. The goal of life was observation and from the arose freedom.
- Heraclitus - is the way up is also the way down, but an unapparrent harmony is better than an apparent one, unity of opposites affirms that within the apparent hostility and opposition seen in the world, there is a hidden unity
- Democritus - nature and teaching are neighbors. For teaching reshapes a person, and in doing so creates a nature. A good word cannot deface a base action, nor can a good action be defiled by the outrage of a word. More people come to be good by practice than by nature. Because the atomic world lacks purpose, reason must be used on things to benefit our own self-interest.
- Sophists. Derived from Greek Philo means loving, Sophia means Wisdom.
- Sophists had the practice of making the weaker argument stronger, a sophist would take up the side with less validity, credence or truth.
- Hercules was visited by two nymphs. The former offered him an easy and contented life, the latter offered a hard and challenging path filled with glory.
- Socrates : To have knowledge of virtue is all one needs to be virtuous, if you have knowledge of it, you are virtuous. Virtue is knowledge. But if people act out of vice, they still believe that what they are doing is good. Sometimes people do it out of ignorance because they appear to be right choices.
- Elenchus (refutation)
- The 'theory of form' addresses that 'things are in constant flux', a beautiful flower participates in the Form of Beauty until it withers and does not participate anymore.
- Plato believed that we recollect Knowledge rather than acquire it, because we have latent knowledge inside us from a previous life, allowing us to define and compare 'forms'. Reincarnation.
- the four causes. Material (what it's made of) , efficient (who made it?) , formal (what's the blueprint/shape?) and final cause (what's it purpose?)
-to achieve eudaimonia, you can't just sit around existing. You have to actively use your reason to live a life of virtue (or arete, meaning excellence). This involves a few key elements:
Developing Good Character: Cultivating virtues like courage, generosity, honesty, and kindness.
The Golden Mean: Finding the perfect balance in your actions. For example, courage is the sweet spot between being a coward (too little confidence) and being reckless (too much confidence).
Action, Not Just Thought: You aren't virtuous just because you know what the right thing to do is; you have to actually do it, consistently, until it becomes a habit
- Aristotle famously noted that you can’t really judge if someone achieved eudaimonia until their life is over.
"One swallow does not make a summer, neither does one fine day."
- Domain of virtue seeks to find the mean. Too much confidence, it's Excess (rashness), too little, it's Deficiency (cowerdice). The mean is Courage.
- an aristocracy is rule by the most virtuous, wise, and capable citizens.
- oligarchy: rich few
- Plato low key hates Homer (poet and storyteller) because he thinks people reading his work will act like the misbehaving Greek Gods. Plato's mission was to ban this thinking and rewire brains to look to intellect and virtue instead.
-Exegetical refers to the critical, objective explanation or interpretation of a text—especially religious texts like the Bible—to draw out the author's original meaning, rather than projecting modern ideas onto them
- academic skepticsm (we acknowledge that we don't know everything), phyrronian skepticsm (maybe, maybe not. We're still lookin) phyrronists want philosophical tranquility. If you right, you right, if I'm wrong, I'm wrong. it's chill. No stress.
- 10 modes of Phyrronian skepticsm (differences among animals, humans, sense faculties, psychological condition, cultural relativism, circumstances and conditions, appearances, quantity and quality, acquaintance and novelty, relations)
- non-cognitive impressions (mirages, unclear, distorted)
-stoics (3 moral distinctions: choice-worthy/good, to be rejected/bad, indifferent/preferred or dispreferred)
- For the Stoics, an assertable is the non-physical meaning behind a declarative sentence. It is the exact thought-content that steps up to the microphone and makes a claim about the universe—and because it makes a claim, it forces the universe to declare it either True or False. Everything else in language is just background noise, questions, or raw data; assertables are where logical truth actually happens.
- Zeno (Open hand: impression, slightly closed fist: assent, agreeing to impression, closed fist: grasping knowledge, left hand covering right hand: unbreakable wisdom, understanding) but a stressful situation can pry the left hand away, causing someone to doubt themselves.
- epicurus (four-fold remedy) there is two pains, chronic and acute. There is a limit to pleasure. The limit is not how much food we can eat or indulge, but the removal of pain. Death doesn't concern us, "the gods are aloof, they do not care of creating a heaven or hell to reward or punish us."
- anima (soul), animus (mind)
- Seneca (ingratitude is the worst kind of human evil)
- Marcus Aurelius - the good life is lonely and difficult, such that fellow man shuns you. In this regard, live as if you are on a mountain, secluded from all and yet visible to all as an example.
- Plotinus is the most psychedelic philosopher I've ever known hahahaha
June 8, 2019
I am what may be considered as a philosophy layperson- I have no background knowledge of philosophy. I was interested in learning more about it. That being said, I struggled with this book. I'm not sure if it was because I attempted to read it in a digital format (knowing full well that I do better with physical books) or if it was because my brain did not want to cooperate.
If I were in a different mindset, and perhaps had a physical copy of this book, I may be more interested.
I did appreciate the format of this book.
If I were in a different mindset, and perhaps had a physical copy of this book, I may be more interested.
I did appreciate the format of this book.
April 6, 2021
It is hard to trust someone who thinks that Iulia Livilla was C. Iulius Ceasar’s wife. And that Seneca slept with her almost 80 years after Ceasar’s death...
February 22, 2019
This is a great book for the beginning philosopher, or those who are interested the great classical philosophers themselves. From this introductory book, you will get a good idea of which philosophers believed what, what they were responsible for and the main ideas of their philosophy.
I liked this book because it didn't waste space talking about things that weren't integral, but rather got straight to the point and delivered the basics without a lot of terminology that is basically impossible for the beginner to understand. This would be a good choice for younger students who want to learn about ancient philosophers, because it puts things in term that are easier to understand than most books do.
There is a brief refresher at the end of every chapter that goes over the main points and helps you to remember what you just read, very useful for those who wish to take notes. Overall, I thought this was a really useful book, with enough information to make it worth the time to read.
This review is based on a complimentary copy from the publishers, provided through Netgalley. All opinions are my own.
I liked this book because it didn't waste space talking about things that weren't integral, but rather got straight to the point and delivered the basics without a lot of terminology that is basically impossible for the beginner to understand. This would be a good choice for younger students who want to learn about ancient philosophers, because it puts things in term that are easier to understand than most books do.
There is a brief refresher at the end of every chapter that goes over the main points and helps you to remember what you just read, very useful for those who wish to take notes. Overall, I thought this was a really useful book, with enough information to make it worth the time to read.
This review is based on a complimentary copy from the publishers, provided through Netgalley. All opinions are my own.
March 23, 2019
Good overview.
Displaying 1 - 5 of 5 reviews