The last of the nature trilogy. Wohlleben sometimes repeats himself and so there is some info in this last book that was also in the earlier two. But he tells such a good story that it’s hardly noticeable. Recommend all three of these books.
“Aphids attach themselves to the trees’ needles and bark, stick their mouthparts down to where the trees’ sap flows, and tap into the trees’ lifeblood. Thanks to photosynthesis, this “tree blood” has a high sugar content, but that’s not what the aphids are after. What they want is protein, which is found in this fluid in only very small quantities. Therefore, the aphids need to allow enormous amounts of the trees’ fluids to flow through their bodies so that they can filter out enough of the scarce substances they desire. Whoever drinks a lot must excrete a lot, and aphids excrete almost constantly. If you park under aphid-infested trees in summer, your windshield will tell you all you need to know—in just a few hours, it will be covered with sticky droplets. And because the little creatures are constantly eating and excreting, over time their rear ends can get gummed up with sugar. Some species resort to covering their excretions with wax so that they can expel them more easily; others enlist the help of ants. Ants lap up the sugary feces, because, like their relatives the honeybees, sugar is the most important compenent in their diet. Per season, a single any colony digests about 50 gallons of these sugary droplets.” – p. 70
“Dead animals are often the cause of fights, and wolves lost out when brown bears turn up. Then it’s best for the pack to head for the hills, particularly if they have pups, which a bruin could easily scarf down as a snack. Ravens have a role to play here: they spot bears from afar and help wolves by alerting the pack to approaching danger. In return, wolves allow ravens to help themselves to a share of the booty—something the birds wouldn’t be able to do without the wolves’ permission.” – p. 88-89
“As researchers at Ulm University discovered, something else happens to the beetle mother: she loses interest in mating. Not only that, even if the male were to get lucky, it wouldn’t do any good, because his beloved is now completely infertile—at least as long as she has her full complement of babies. As soon as a couple of the little ones go missing (perhaps because they died or were eaten by some animal), her desire for sex returns. The male immediately gets wind of the change and goes beserk. The scientists observed up to three hundred copulations—more than when the male initially laid claim to the carcass. The female quickly lays new eggs to replace her loss. If, in this flurry of activity, she ends up with too many babies, she soon fixes things by killing the extras.” – p. 93
“Empathy is one of the strongest forces in conservation and can achieve more than any number of rules and regulations. Think of the campaigns against whaling or against the slaughter of seal pups—public outcry was so loud only because we all empathized with the animals. And the closer the animals are to us, the greater the empathy.” – p. 125
“A whole army of infectious agents has its eye on wild boar, including a large number of viruses. Viruses are remarkable, but what exactly are they? Scientists don’t include them among the living species of this earth, because they have no cells and can’t reproduce or metabolize on their own. All they are is a hollow shell that contains a blueprint for multiplication. Basically, they’re dead.” – p. 137-138
“There’s a very different kind of myth surrounding species diversity. When we save individual animals or plants, we really believe we’re doing something good for the environment. Yet this is rarely what happens, mostly because when we have to change conditions in the environment to ensure the survival of one species, the survival of many others ends up in jeopardy. But I’m getting ahead of myself. When we see just how multilayered the interactions between different species are, we have to ask, once again, whether we will ever be able to fully comprehend the connections in our environment.” – p. 146
**Arches National Park mentioned on p. 205
“Researchers tell us that every person alive can be traced back to one mitochondrial Eve, who is said to have lived 200,000 to 300,000 years ago. The variations in skin color and other characteristics that have developed since then are disappearing increasingly quickly. What some people mourn as a loss of diversity, others embrace as an opportunity for humanity to bid goodbye to racial differences.” – p. 213-214
“We don’t really understand how the clockwork of nature functions, and as long as we don’t, we shouldn’t try to fix it.” – p. 225
“Of course, no one wants to return to times of famine, but our problem today isn’t cold but increasingly warm temperatures. The positive message from all of this is that not only can we win back the original forests, but doing that could also steer the climate in the right direction. And to achieve this we don’t even need to do anything. Just the opposite, in fact. We need to leave things alone—on as large a scale as possible.” – p. 232