Examines the major gender issues in science and technology among governments, professional associations and related agencies, and provides examples of good practice and tools for mainstreaming gender in S&T. Explores issues such science by whom and for whom, including: the leaky S&T pipeline (why girls and women in S&T school streams and career paths opt out, creating enabling environments); what type of health science research is being publicly funded; science and technology as a key ingredient of development and how appropriate is technology to women s and men s needs; do the new information and communication technologies impact differently on women and men; how can advances in agricultural biodiversity empower rural women and men, increase food security and protect indigenous knowledge; what are the gender issues in preventing and recovering from natural and man-made disasters.