Dzieciństwo

by Chingiz Aitmatov, Joanna Piaseczna (Translator)

İyi bir edebiyatçı ve çevirmen olan Frederic Heitzer, yıllar önce bana çocukluk anılarımı ileride bir kitap haline getirebilmem için bir kasede kaydetmemi tavsiye etmişti. İşte böylece vatanım Kırgızistan'da geçen çocukluk anılarımın Almanca olarak anlatıldığı bu küçük kitap ortaya çıkmış oldu.

İlginçtir, dikkatli okuyucularım tarafından diğer eserlerimde ve bilhassa son dönemlerde yazdığım eserlerde sıkça geçen çocukluk zamanlarıma ait gözlemler, olaylar ve karakterler daha çok ilgi görmüştü.

Bu düşünce ile birlikte bana göre ilk hayat tecrübemin başladığı, kaderimde önemli rol oynayan iki süreç gelişti. İlk süreçte, anılarımda da anlattığım gibi beni büyüten ninem Ayımkan büyük rol oynadı. Zira kendisi bana, yani biricik torununa göre büyük bir yazar ve yorumcu, hatta orjinal bir masal gibiydi. Diğer bir süreçte İkinci Dünya Savaşı'nın başlaması ile sonuçlanan duygu yüklü çocukluğum. Artık hayat gerçeğinin acımasız bir yönünü kavramış oluyordum. Bütün bu yaşadıklarımı anılarımda anlatmaya çalıştım.

İşte çocukluk anılarımın anlatıldığı bu kitap, ruhumda yeşeren yeni ümit ve beklentilerle Türkçe olarak İstanbul'da yayımlanmak üzere... Öyle zannediyor ve ümit ediyorum ki, en az Almanca basımı kadar Türk okuyucularımın da ilgisini çeken bir kitap olacak.

Genres: Asia

First published January 1, 1998

About the author

Chinghiz Aitmatov (Чингиз Айтматов, Tschingis Aitmatow, Čingiz Ajtmatov, Tšõngõz Ajtmatov, Cengiz Aytmatov, Tsjingiz Ajtmatov, Tchinguiz Aïtmatov, جنكيز ايتماتوف) was an author who wrote in both Russian and Kyrgyz. He was the best known figure in Kyrgyzstan literature.

Aitmatov's parents were civil servants in Sheker. The name Chingiz is the same as the honorary title of Genghis Khan. In early childhood he wandered as a nomad with his family, as the Kyrgyzstan people did at the time. In 1937 his father was charged with "bourgeois nationalism" in Moscow, arrested and executed in 1938.

Aitmatov lived at a time when Kyrgyzstan was being transformed from one of the most remote lands of the Russian Empire to a republic of the USSR. The future author studied at a Soviet school in Sheker. He also worked from an early age. At fourteen he was an assistant to the Secretary at the Village Soviet. He later held jobs as a tax collector, a loader, an engineer's assistant and continued with many other types of work.

In 1946 he began studying at the Animal Husbandry Division of the Kirghiz Agricultural Institute in Frunze, but later switched to literary studies at the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute in Moscow, where he lived from 1956 to 1958. For the next eight years he worked for Pravda. His first two publications appeared in 1952 in Russian: The Newspaper Boy Dziuio and Ашым. His first work published in Kyrgyz was Ак Жаан (White Rain) in 1954, and his well known work Jamilya appeared in 1958. 1980 saw his first novel The Day Lasts More than a Hundred Years; his next significant novel, The Scaffold was published in 1988. The Day Lasts More than a Hundred Years and other writings were translated into several languages.

Aitmatov suffered kidney failure and on 16 May 2008 was admitted to a hospital in Nuremberg, Germany, where he died of pneumonia on 10 June 2008, aged 79. His obituary in The New York Times characterized him as "a Communist writer whose novels and plays before the collapse of the Soviet Union gave a voice to the people of the remote Soviet republic of Kyrgyz" and adds that he "later became a diplomat and a friend and adviser to the Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev."

Chinghiz Aitmatov belonged to the post-war generation of writers. His output before Jamila was not significant, a few short stories and a short novel called Face to Face. But it was Jamila that came to prove the author's work. Louis Aragon described the novellete as the world's most beautiful love story, raising it even above Rudyard Kipling's World's Most Beautiful Love Story. Aitmatov's representative works also include the short novels Farewell, Gulsary!, The White Ship, The Day Lasts More Than a Hundred Years, and The Scaffold.

Aitmatov was honoured in 1963 with the Lenin Prize for Jamila and later he was awarded a State prize for Farewell, Gulsary!. Aitmatov's art was glorified by admirers. Even critics of Aitmatov mentioned high quality of his novels.

Aitmatov's work has some elements that are unique specifically to his creative process. His work drew on folklore, not in the ancient sense of it; rather, he tried to recreate and synthesize oral tales in the context of contemporary life. This is prevalent in his work; in nearly every story he refers to a myth, a legend, or a folktale. In The Day Lasts More Than a Hundred Years a poetic legend about a young captive turned into a mankurt serves a tragic allegory and becomes a significant symbolic expression of the philosophy of the novel.

A second aspect of Aitmatov's writing is his ultimate closeness to our "little brothers" the animals, for their and our lives are intimately and inseparably connected. The two center characters of Farewell, Gulsary! are a man and his stallion. A camel plays a prominent role in The Day Lasts More Than a Hundred Years; one of the key turns of the novel which decide

Reviews

[Anna · Rating 4 out of 5]

To piękna opowieść o dzieciństwie w krainie już nieistniejącej. Ajtmatow opowiedział swojemu niemieckiemu tłumaczowi, Friedrichowi Hitzerowi wiele epizodów z najmłodszych lat. I właśnie taka jest ta książka - to zbiór opowieści, wspomnień, anegdot. Brak tu ciągłej narracji, chronologicznego opisu kolejnych lat życia. To raczej gawęda, której rytmowi należy się poddać, pozwolić autorowi na przeniesienie w jego świat. Ajtmatow wspomina pierwsze lata spędzone na koniu, wśród nomadów, zmiany miejsca postoju w zależności od pór roku, życie w zgodzie z naturą. To ciepłe, nostalgiczne, kojące wręcz opowieści.

Wraz z przeniesieniem zaangażowanego w ruch komunistyczny ojca do Moskwy, zupełnie zmienia się życie chłopca. Największym ciosem jest aresztowanie ojca w ramach stalinowskich represji. Rodzina wraca do Kirgizji, nie poznawszy losów taty. Tam nastają dla niej trudne czasy - wojna zmienia stosunki rodzinne i społeczne. Czingiz jest zbyt mały, by zostać powołanym na wojnę, ale dostatecznie duży, by przejąć dotychczasowe obowiązki mężczyzn. Pracuje więc jako poborca podatków, listonosz dostarczający wiadomości o poległych na wojnie czy nauczyciel. Zachwycające a zarazem przerażające są opowieści o tym, jak chłopiec samotnie przewozi przez pustkowia pełne pieniędzy torby. To w zasadzie jeszcze dziecko, które w każdej chwili może zostać napadnięte.

Ciąg dalszy: https://przeczytalamksiazke.blogspot....

[Karolina · Rating 3 out of 5]

Eine Sammlung von kurzen Erzählungen - Erinnerungen aus der Kindheit, Schul- und Studiumzeit vom Autor von "Dshamilja" und "Der erste Lehrer". Ich liebe die poetische Sprache Aitmatovs, seine Romane haben mir jedoch besser gefallen.

[leamara]

Ein persönlicher Favorit

[Julius Breyvogel · Rating 3 out of 5]

Gelesen, weil mir „der weiße Dampfer“ so gut gefallen hat und ich absoluter Fan von Kirgistan bin und unbedingt da hin will.
War eine schöne kurzweilige Reise in die Kindheit des Autors und in das Leben der Kirgisen zu Sowietzeiten.
Der Kontrast des späteren Lebens zu dem Nomadenleben in seiner Kindheit hat mich besonders berührt und interessiert.
Als kurze episodische Biografie war das Buch ein schöner Zeitvertreib, aber auch kein Riesenknaller.
6/10