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Guzmán de Alfarache

Guzmán de Alfarache

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Spanish

989 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1604

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About the author

Mateo Alemán

130 books10 followers
Mateo Alemán y de Enero (Seville, Spain, 1547 – 1615? in Mexico) was a Spanish novelist and writer.
He graduated at Seville University in 1564, studied later at Salamanca and Alcalá, and from 1571 to 1588 held a post in the treasury; in 1594 he was arrested on suspicion of malversation, but was speedily released. According to some authors, he was descended from Jews forcibly converted to Catholicism after 1492, and one of his forebears had been burned by the Inquisition for secretly continuing to practise Judaism. In 1599, he published the first part of Guzmán de Alfarache, a celebrated picaresque novel which passed through no less than sixteen editions in five years; a spurious sequel was issued in 1602, but the authentic continuation did not appear until 1604.

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5 stars
19 (14%)
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32 (24%)
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48 (36%)
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22 (16%)
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Displaying 1 - 10 of 10 reviews
Profile Image for Silvia Cachia.
Author 8 books83 followers
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October 20, 2017

GUZMÁN DE ALFARACHE
★★ ★✫


Originally published: 1599
Author: Mateo Alemán
Genre: Picaresque Fiction
Translator: James Mabbe
Published in English: 1622



I'm so sad to see there's no papercopy of this book in English. I've found this, though, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/...
What's neat about that, it's that the translation into English by James Mabbe happened close in time to the publication of Guzmán de Alfarache, therefore the English is as old to our English, as the Spanish is to the Spanish of today.


I got it free for my Kindle, but it would have been very neat to have a paper edition, (the one published by Cátedra, in two volumes), with footnotes, and in paper.

I loved reading this great feat of literature. I'm sad also, since there's nobody I know of to discuss it with. Very few reviews, and some who couldn't finish the two volumes (who are three Books amounting to over a 1,000 pages.) There's something in long books that cannot happen in short books. I've read El Lazarillo de Tormes, and it's, for lack of a better example, a meager appetizer when compared to this banquet of a book that is Guzmán de Alfarache.


Similar to Don Quijote I'd say, in the way it envelopes you in the narrative, with its many twists and turns, other stories built in the main one, specially in book 1. Like Don Quijote, I believe the first book prepares us for books 2 and 3, where the narrative starts changing the tone. Our Guzmán is growing up. His adventures and choices of the first 400 pages, become a crust of his own persona now. One starts to feel the grip of fate, or that which we call the consequences of our decisions and our actions.

I felt 'tired' of Guzmán's criminal nature, not tired of reading, I felt as he felt. Now the jovial tone of the beginning became dark. At one point, I thought I was reading about one of those corrupted CEOs or politicians of our century, about scam after scam, all in costumes and a Renaissance background! I thought how similar human nature was at this time in history, and how different the background and environment.

The end portion, when he is at the gallows and he repents and changes heart completely, was strange. It was credible, I won't say it wasn't. It simply happened so fast. After 800 pages of picaresque turned into a life of misfortunes suffered or self inflicted, our Guzmán decides to put an end to that life. He almost died trying to be good (nobody believes this time you are simply doing good), but he doesn't. He lives to tell the tale of his life, and to tell us what not to do, how not to be.

It's impossible to give you a just account of this book. The feel, the language, what it contains, is larger than life. I may tell you barely about the plot, but the reflections, rants, humor, stories, philosophical digressions, descriptions, morals, action, incredible events, and everything that takes place, and HOW it's told, are something you either want to experience or not. If you decide to experience it, you won't regret it.

I give it four and a half stars because books like this are unique. When we read books in Spanish in the sixteen hundreds, or late fifteen hundreds, we don't have them by the thousand, nor even by the hundred. Time has left us with a sample, some books which we know were also popular and well read at the time, and they are our precious jewels, the bastions of a bygone era, and a bygone language. That is why it's so amazing we also have an English translation of the time.

When reading a book like this, not only the plot is unique to the times, the color and flavor of the book, but the style is different, so different and yet so modern. Mateo Alemán mixes adventure with philosophy seamlessly.  The book takes you through a rich life, and the changes are not just external, but internal. Guzmán goes through changes, and registers all these observations about virtue, love, life, good, evil, friendship, society, and what not. As I said, there's many stories inside the story, action and reflections. If you have read Robinson Crusoe, (first published in 1719), even though a century later, you can get an idea of what I mean by that mix of action and philosophical pondering.  Also, if you have read Lazarillo de Tormes, an anonymous picaresque book published in 1554, one can say Guzmán de Alfarache is like Lazarillo multiplied by 10 in extension, in years covered, a sort of Lazarillo on steroids. By the way, if you feel intimidated or not willing to attempt this book, The Life of Lazarillo de TormesThe Life of Lazarillo de Tormes is a short and perfect example of this genre.

I enjoyed this book very much. Long books may be off putting, (they were to me at one point), but not so much anymore, if they are the right long book. It's a great pleasure to have grown in reading enough as to enjoy books that you will inhabit for quite some time, they become long known friends, to the point they stop appearing long and impossible, but they become comforting and familiar.

Should you be willing to give Guzmán some dedication and attention, you'd be recompensed tenfold.
Profile Image for Manuel Alfonseca.
Author 80 books215 followers
July 23, 2019
ESPAÑOL: Una de las novelas picarescas más antiguas e importantes de la literatura mundial. Para mi gusto, no es tan buena como la primera, el Lazarillo de Tormes, aunque es superior al Buscón de Quevedo y a muchas obras de la picaresca europea.

Al igual que el Quijote, del que también se publicó una edición apócrifa entre la primera y la segunda parte (el Quijote de Avellaneda), a Guzmán de Alfarache también le pasó lo mismo. Entre la primera y la segunda parte, apareció una edición apócrifa cuyo "autor" (Mateo Luján de Sayavedra) imitó el nombre del autor verdadero para engañar a los posibles lectores, haciéndoles pensar que su obra era del mismo autor que la primera parte. Mateo Alemán se vengó metiendo en la segunda a dos ladrones (Mateo Luján y Sayavedra), cuyo nombre está sacado del seudónimo del autor de la obra apócrifa.

Se ha dicho de esta obra que cansa al lector, porque el autor interrumpe la acción a menudo para introducir juicios morales sobre su propio comportamiento y el de los demás. La verdad es que a mí sí me han gustado esas disquisiciones morales, aunque en algún caso sí se me han hecho prolijas e impertinentes, como cuando arremete contra las mujeres en la tercera parte del libro segundo, precisamente cuando está a punto de confesar que se enriqueció prostituyendo a su propia esposa.

ENGLISH: One of the first and most important picaresque novels in literature. For my taste, the first one, Lazarillo de Tormes, is better, although this book is superior to El Buscón by Quevedo, and to many works of the European picaresque.

As Don Quixote, which also saw the publication of an apocryphal edition between its first and second parts (Don Quixote by Avellaneda), Guzman de Alfarache also suffered the same experience. Between the first and the second part, an apocryphal edition appeared, whose "author" (Mateo Luján de Sayavedra) imitated the name of the real author to deceive possible readers, making them think that this work belonged to the same author as the first part. Mateo Alemán took revenge by including in the second part two thieves (Mateo Luján and Sayavedra), whose name is taken from the pseudonym of the author of the apocryphal work.

It has been said that this work tires the reader, for the author interrupts the action quite often, to introduce moral judgments about his own and other's behavior. The truth is, I liked those moral disquisitions, although in a few cases they seemed tedious and impertinent, as when he attacks women in general in the third part of the second book, precisely when he is about to confess that he got rich by prostituting his own wife.
Profile Image for Fabiola Fulco Salazar.
140 reviews36 followers
January 29, 2016
Cuando digo que terminé este libro es porque definitivamente no puedo leer más. Aunque soy partidaria de terminar lo que empiezas, no hay forma de que logre terminar el Guzmán. Aprecio la intención satírica de Mateo Alemán, tiene una habilidad impresionante para ligar el comportamiento inmoral de un pobre diablo con el discurso adoctrinante y reprobatorio del momento. Sin embargo, es aburrido. Y eso aniquila al libro. Tal vez se ponga mejor en el último apartado... pero perdí el interés a principios del segundo. Lo siento por Guzmán, mas para mi esta fue un relación bastante insípida.
Profile Image for Perry Whitford.
1,952 reviews77 followers
June 15, 2017
'What does a Man come into the World for, but to make a Noise; right or wrong, I say, he ought to make a Noise.'

Having just read The English Rogue, why not sample the Spanish predecessor which was the model for that scurrilous book?

While the English author belied the moral intentions of his history by indulging in a catalogue of bawdy incidents, the Spanish one was genuinely moral. He subtitled his work a 'Watchtower of Human Life', yet readers preferred the picaresque adventures to the ethic instruction.

Well, don't we all. Truth be told this book is excessive only in its preachiness, not for its sauciness. I wouldn't even call the protagonist, Guzmán de Alfarache, much of a rogue at all, at least in this first part. He's more sinned against than sinner.

The son of a rogue, Guzmán leaves home when his father dies and travels from Seville to Rome, becoming a courier, a cook's scullion, and a cardinal's paige along the way, but above all he liked best the occupation of beggar, so much so that readers may have been fooled into thinking that the streets were paved with gold and being a beggar was the greatest occupation in the world.

I mentioned that the tone was predominantly preachy, but there were some laughs along the way. The funniest line in the book came when our rogue experienced his first sample of the kind of crap served at inns to unsuspecting travelers, a dodgy concoction of recently hatched eggs leading him to conclude that 'my omelette was Amphibious, having something in it which should not be there.'

The real test for a modern readers patience however unexpectedly arrived just as the story was picking up momentum. All of sudden the author gave us a story within the story, which he not unjustifiably called a 'novel' because it was just under a hundred and fifty pages in length!

This was a courtly romance of the mediaeval type transported to the end of 15th century Spain about two sympathetically characterised Moorish lovers separated by the fall of Andalusia to the Christians. Princess Daraxa is taken to live in the Queen's court, her lover Ozmin forsakes the defence of Granada and adopts various disguises in order to be close to her.

The intrigues which result were painstakingly told by contemporary standards so I could imagine many readers struggling through this, but I enjoyed the ingenious romantic entanglements, attention to convincing detail, and a worthy denouement.

Lo and behold, in the last quarter we got a second 'novel,' not quite as long but not far off, this time a tragedy about two lovers from Rome, the wealthy Count Paviano and the beautiful Eleanor, daughter of a pecunias nobleman.

The moral of this tale was an example of that old truism that hell hath no fury like a woman scorned (or 'Tis the last thing a Woman can do to forgive a Man that has despis'd her') as the jealousy of a slighted lover leads to the ultimate misery of the meritorious lovers.

Personally I preferred the 'novels' to the novel itself. They were slow and precise for sure, but I'm a sucker for chivalry. The rogue's narrative may have improved in part two but I never got that far. It was certainly wise and worthy of a little pontifical.

Talking of wise, the greatest lesson Guzmán learns on his tramps is a good one:

'Tis good to have a Father, 'tis good to have a Mother, but above all 'tis good to have a good Belly-full.'
Profile Image for Alberony Martínez.
603 reviews37 followers
January 28, 2021
Podríamos decir, que el Lazarillo de Tormes de 1554 es que sienta las bases para este género literario, la novela picaresca, para así dar lugar al surgimiento de otros textos que navegaran en esta temática. Un personaje principal fuera del sistema social, un pícaro, listo, tramposo, desvergonzado y malicioso, es quien lo protagoniza este genero literario. Un holgazán que a todo lugar justifica su afán de libertad. El Guzmán de Alfarache desfila en las característica de pícaro. Un novela picaresca.

El Guzmán de Alfarache, el cual fue publicado por Mateo Alemán en dos partes entre 1599 y 1604 debemos verlo como un relato seudoautobiografico que discurre en la vida de un pícaro desde las fechorías pasadas hasta pasar por la condena al remo en galeras, y que decir de las peripecias sufridas su viaje de doble vía de Sevilla a Roma: «Él mismo escribe su vida desde las galeras, donde queda forzado al remo por delitos que cometió, habiendo sido ladrón famosísimo…». Recordemos, que Mateo Alemán, le toco vivir la misma época de Miguel de Cervantes, en el llamado Siglo de Oro y que abarcan tres reinando: Carlos I, Felipe II y Felipe III, quizás uno de los periodos más controvertible. “Pero lo importante aquí es notar que Mateo Alemán —sin alcanzar la talla de un Cervantes, de un Lope ni de un Góngora— supo aproximarse, ocasionalmente, a la literatura para levantar acta del panorama cultural que dejamos descrito con un compromiso ideológico y una gravedad admirables, a la vez que con una talla artística nada desdeñable. ”

Leer el Guzmán de Alfarache es una aproximación biográfica de su autor. Un escritor que se abrió un hueco en este panorama para instalar su escrito como un best seller de comienzo de siglo, “salta a la vista que no lo tuvo nada fácil: su peripecia biográfica discurre entre penurias y adversidades de toda suerte (denuncias, encarcelamientos, sinsabores familiares, etc.)” Un escritor descendiente de un judío sevillano quemado en la hoguera inquisitorial a finales del siglo XV. Si el libro es interesante, la biografía de Mateo Alemán es otra novela, cuantas cosas pasó este hombre.

Con apenas 15 años, Guzmán, hijo de un mercader, emigra de Italia con el objetivo de evadir la justicia de Génova, inicia una vida de aventuras. Un galán y estafador en Toledo. Se hizo un soldado en Italia, mendigo, paje de un carnal y criado embajador francés. Este personaje es todo un abanico de funciones, se hizo vendedor de joyas, en sus periplos por Siena y Bolonia se convierte en un tahúr, en Milán se vuelve un ladrón, mas luego, después de estafar a sus parientes en Barcelona, se traslada a Madrid donde hace todo tipos de trapacerías.

Es un interesante texto escrito en dos partes. Una obra que busca demostrar las malas acciones que hacen sucumbir al hombre, pero que al final de camino dichas acciones pueden ser revertidas cuando se trillan por la rectitud. Pero aun más, a través de breves relatos reflexiona sobre la justicia, el amor, el honor y el perdón.
Profile Image for Kai.
6 reviews
September 23, 2017
В свое время (а это более 400 лет назад) «Гусман де Альфараче» была невероятно популярной книгой - «бестселлером», как бы мы сказали сегодня. Вскоре после выхода она была переведена на все основные европейские языки и выдержала десятки изданий. Она была популярнее вышедшей почти в то же время книги соотечественника Матео Алемана - Мигеля Сервантеса (с которым у Алемана были неприязненные отношения) - «Дон Кихот». Однако время распорядилось по-своему: сегодня почти никто не знает о «Гусмане де Альфараче», а вот знаменитое произведение Сервантеса до сих пор популярно.

«Гусман де Альфараче» - один из основоположников жанра плутовского романа. Его герой - пройдоха, плут и мошенник, хоть и неплохой, в глубине, человек - такой, над которым хочется посмеяться и пожурить, но не злорадствовать. Книга построена в виде исповеди перед читателем, в которой Гусман рассказывает о злоключениях своей жизни, перемежая их пространными нравоучениями и настоящими религиозными проповедями, под стать какому-нибудь ревностному пастырю душ, а не жулику, обманувшему и обобравшему массу людей. Устами Гусмана де Альфараче Алеман бичует человеческие пороки - мздоимство, воровство, распутство, чревоугодие, лицеприятие и лицемерие.

Сегодня юмор книги кажется простоватым, порою, детским. Совсем незамысловатыми выглядят и персонажи, которые как правило являют собой или собрание добродетелей или образец порока. О сюжете же можно сказать лишь, что он есть. Тем не менее, не хочется быть слишком строгим к книге, написанной 400 лет назад. Всё же, этот роман написан для другого общества - с другим мировоззрением, другими нравами и литературными вкусами, воспитанными на рыцарских романах, древнегреческой, древнеримской и религиозной литературе. Возможно, для своего века «Гусман де Альфараче» был прорывом, но испытания временем, в отличие от «Дон Кихота», он не выдержал.
Profile Image for Mike Ashen.
128 reviews4 followers
August 3, 2024
Tremendo libro por longitud y temas que trata, como si alguien le hubiese dado esteroides al Lazarillo de Tormes.

Debo decir que he preferido más la Primera Parte que la Segunda ya que he conseguido captar mejor los temas tratados y me ha hecho más gracia.

La curiosidad de los capítulos de Guzmán de Alfarache es que casi todos comienzan con una reflexión del protagonista, Guzmán, criticando temas de la época y que de alguna forma se relacionarán con los sucesos de su vida expuestos al final del capítulo. En la Segunda Parte me ha costado entender muchas de estas críticas, por lo que en esos capítulos estaba esperando impacientemente a que se comenzasen a contar los sucesos de la vida de Guzmán.

Posiblemente también prefiera la Primera Parte debido a que aquí vemos a un Guzmán que sirve a varios amos (mi favorito siempre será el embajador de Francia, tremenda gracia que me hizo cada vez que hablaba), mientras que en la Segunda parece ser Guzmán más un amo que un "sirviente" por la presencia de Sayavedra, aunque esto cambia al final.

Por tanto, la Primera Parte la recomiendo bastante, ya la Segunda la recomendaría a alguien que de verdad entienda los temas económicos de la época, pues abundan en esta parte.
Profile Image for Oriana.
11 reviews
November 11, 2025
Nunca he odiado tanto un libro en mi vida. Si me lo he terminado (de aquella manera) ha sido porque tengo un examen, pero de buena gana le prendía fuego. Si se supone que la parte de "aventuras" era más entretenida que la de moralejas, yo no sé en qué le vieron sus coetáneos lo divertido. Qué tremendo tostón. Ojalá pudiera apreciar su valor filológico, pero es que me ha parecido una lectura infumable. Y esto es una opinión con 0 rigor crítico y nunca me dedico a hacer reseñas, pero me ha desmotivado tanto que necesitaba venir aquí a despotricar. Ánimo a los que lo estéis leyendo por obligación.
88 reviews
May 3, 2021
Monumental obra de picaresca pero también de mucho más, plagada de novelas cortas, refranes, cuentos, sermones, consejos, habla de todos los aspectos de la vida, de la vida de la gente corriente, de una época plagada de corrupción, pobreza donde cada uno se buscaba la vida como podía. La narrativa es impresionante, a veces difícil de seguir pero es una proeza que con tanto elemento narrativo intercalado se mantenga el hilo. Una de las obras cumbres junto con El Quijote, en mi opinión no le llega pero bastante más ambiciosa que El Lazarillo de Tormes. Muy recomendable.
Profile Image for Ricardo Torres.
87 reviews1 follower
December 29, 2017
Toda una mina de anécdotas, expresiones del imaginario del siglo XVI y vocabulario de picaresca y germanía. Arduo en muchos pasajes debido a este estilo retorcido que tiene Mateo Alemán por ir de A a B por el camino más largo y caótico.

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