Journal of Researches into the Natural History and Geology of the Countries Visited During the Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle Round the World, Under the Command of Capt. Fitz Roy, R.N.
Charles Robert Darwin of Britain revolutionized the study of biology with his theory, based on natural selection; his most famous works include On the Origin of Species (1859) and The Descent of Man (1871).
Chiefly Asa Gray of America advocated his theories.
Charles Robert Darwin, an eminent English collector and geologist, proposed and provided scientific evidence of common ancestors for all life over time through the process that he called. The scientific community and the public in his lifetime accepted the facts that occur and then in the 1930s widely came to see the primary explanation of the process that now forms modernity. In modified form, the foundational scientific discovery of Darwin provides a unifying logical explanation for the diversity of life.
Darwin developed his interest in history and medicine at Edinburgh University and then theology at Cambridge. His five-year voyage on the Beagle established him as a geologist, whose observations and supported uniformitarian ideas of Charles Lyell, and publication of his journal made him as a popular author. Darwin collected wildlife and fossils on the voyage, but their geographical distribution puzzled him, who investigated the transmutation and conceived idea in 1838. He discussed his ideas but needed time for extensive research despite priority of geology. He wrote in 1858, when Alfred Russel Wallace sent him an essay, which described the same idea, prompting immediate joint publication.
His book of 1859 commonly established the dominant scientific explanation of diversification in nature. He examined human sexuality in Selection in Relation to Sex, and The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals followed. A series of books published his research on plants, and he finally examined effect of earthworms on soil.
A state funeral recognized Darwin in recognition of preeminence and only four other non-royal personages of the United Kingdom of the 19th century; people buried his body in Westminster abbey, close to those of John Herschel and Isaac Newton.
Is there anything new one can say about a work of such great importance as this? It is hard to put into words how much I enjoyed rereading this book. Darwin was a very fine writer and rarely gets the credit he deserves. What comes across, over and over again, is how observant the man was, and how well educated and well read he was, in so many subjects. Even with every advantage of modern libraries, internet, and university level education, few today could write so well about such a range of topics with such intelligence. It makes one feel quite inadequate to have to rely on the search engine so often while reading in order to gain some better understanding (or sometimes even just a vague notion) of the wide array of geography, geology, or biology contained herein.
It is true, of course, that a book of this age carries with it some period cultural baggage. Many might find his descriptions of the indigenous peoples of South America, several Pacific islands, or Australia a bit difficult, along with his praises of all things English (including missionary work) but it serves no purpose to compare Victorian prejudices to modern morality excepting to note how much progress cultures all around the world have progressed. It is worth noting of course that by standards of the day, Darwin was quite progressive, evidenced by his anti-slavery rant near the end of the book.
The bottom line is that anyone with an interest in science, especially geology and science history ought to read this book. This was the foundation, or origin or the Origin of Species, if you will. Yes, so many things are outdated, so many species have been reclassified as our understanding of their evolutionary biology and taxonomy has improved, but there's no mistaking the importance of this voyage, of this book, of the ideas discussed within and the revolutionary ideas that grew out of the experiences a young Mr. Darwin aboard the Beagle almost 200 years ago.
A note about the edition: so many copies for sale of Amazon or ebay, so many editions listed here on Goodreads, are those overprices and poorly produces reprint or print on demand copies. Why anyone would choose to pay more for lesser quality facsimiles is beyond me. There are plenty of good quality new and used copies available; don't waste your money on dreck. This edition, being from the 1890's certainly has it drawbacks. The Appleton company's red leather spine and corners on the marbled board covers hasn't faired so well over the 120 years and tends to come off in one's hands and can easily crack if not handled carefully , but nothing compares to the smell, the feel, the experience of aged books.