This book clearly describes the key concepts of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. It covers the key theoretical concepts of ACT and provides techniques that can support the client towards value based change in an authentic way that is both ethical and holistic. ACT philosophy and theory follows key behavioural principles, it differs from CBT in the sense that ACT has core components of ‘functional conceptualism’, a stance that looks at behaviour through a lens which considers the whole organism interacting within their historical and situational context. Cognitive therapy examines the inputs, processes and outputs of the clients cognition whereas ACT examines ‘workability’ of behaviour, which either takes us towards a value based life, or away from one. The book gives detailed descriptions of the function of behaviour, appetitive and aversive control, the importance of considering behavioural context, in the sense that if the context changes, the function of the behaviour does too. It gives a clear description of Relational Frame Theory, and the relationship between language and behaviour. Other chapters focus on experiential avoidance, which can be a short term mechanism used to escape suffering but can lead to long term problems which instead exasperate suffering, including psychological problems. The Hexaflex Model of psychological flexibility is described and explored, as are other key concepts such as cognitive fusion and how to assist the client to move towards psychological flexibility, looking at the ‘self as context’, committed action through acceptance, the exploration of ‘workability’, working with metaphor, client values, mindfulness and present moment awareness. This book gives clear examples of how ACT methods can be used in a therapeutic setting to help clients identify their ‘internal barriers’ to change, and take value based action towards their goals. The methods ethically support client agency and self-efficacy.
I particularly liked the way the book is divided into three parts, the head, hands and heart of ACT, the head being philosophy and theory, the hands being technique and practice, and the heart being the context, strategy, and process of ACT which highlights that human suffering is not a disease, and that clients are stuck, not broken.