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Cerveau et méditation : Dialogue entre le bouddhisme et les neurosciences

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Pendant huit ans, Matthieu Ricard et Wolf Singer ont partagé leurs savoirs et se sont interrogés sur le fonctionnement de l'esprit. La méditation modifie-t-elle les circuits neuronaux ? Comment les émotions se forment-elles ? Quels sont les différents états modifiés de la conscience ? Qu'est-ce que le « moi » ? Le libre arbitre existe-t-il ? Que peut-on dire de la nature de la conscience ? ...

Un livre majeur pour mieux comprendre votre propre esprit.

454 pages, Paperback

Published January 18, 2018

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About the author

Matthieu Ricard

228 books815 followers
Matthieu Ricard, a Buddhist monk, trained as a molecular biologist before moving to Nepal to study Buddhism. He is the author of The Monk and the Philosopher (with his father, Jean-François Revel); The Quantum and the Lotus (with Trinh Thuan); Happiness; The Art of Meditation; Altruism: The Power of Compassion; A Plea for the Animals; and Beyond the Self: Conversations between Buddhism and Neuroscience (with Wolf Singer). He has published several books of photography, including Motionless Journey and Tibet: An Inner Journey, and is the French interpreter for the Dalai Lama.

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5 stars
126 (41%)
4 stars
102 (33%)
3 stars
63 (20%)
2 stars
11 (3%)
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2 (<1%)
Displaying 1 - 30 of 42 reviews
Profile Image for David Dinaburg.
328 reviews57 followers
February 18, 2018
The book looks bad. It exudes a self-help vibe. Its cover is not designed to draw the eye; not any eye I know, though perhaps someone, somewhere finds two seated upper torsos appealing. The title is boilerplate—in English translation, anyway—that churns into nothingness under the frothing weight of modern search engines. It avoids my subtitle pet peeve of pomposity by being incredibly blunt: Conversations between Buddhism and Neuroscience is exactly what you get. The entire book is constructed from dialogue, yet the density of text, not to mention the miniscule font, will crush any attempt to parse meaning if the reader isn’t fully committed to engage.

This is not an end-of-the-day-commute-home read, or a weekend-indoors-when-videogames-exist type of book. It is a deliberate choose-to-wake-up-early-and-go-to-the-coffee-shop-for-an-hour-before-work commitment, and in that hour you might check your phone a dozen times or, if the stars align and your mind is ripe, you may immerse yourself in a dozen pages of a neuroscientist and a Buddhist monk talking to each other. Did I mention the monk has a phD in molecular genetics? They are both very, very smart:
Matthieu Ricard:To come back to inner conflicts, they are mostly linked with excessive rumination on the past and anxious anticipation of the future, and thus they lead to being tormented by fear and hope.

Wolf Singer: I see it as an exaggeration of the otherwise well-adapted and necessary attempt to use part experience to predict the future, an attempt that is likely to not always converge toward a stable solution because the future is not foreseeable. Maybe it is the clinging to the fruitless search for the best possible solution—that is by definition impossible to find—that frustrates the system and causes uneasy feelings.
The whole experience of reading Beyond the Self felt a lot like running used to, or yoga does now; I got nervous before I actually started, but while I was doing it I was fully content.

I don’t know how one would find this book—I can’t remember why I picked it up—but it is a positive experience to read challenging material by thoughtful people. It defies summation or encapsulation in the way that lyrics without music seem silly unless you already know the beat. There is gentle repetition here, but the content isn’t something I could pick up the first time and the overall pace proved to be quite slow—refreshment of the material was appreciated.

My major takeaway was the worthwhile practice of remembering the brain and the self are not static; no one is who they were before or who they will be in the future. The mind, like the body, requires continuous work to stay in the shape or form you want it to be in:
M: The crow often attack [the eagle], even though they are much smaller. They dive at the eagles from above trying to hit them with their beaks. However, instead of getting alarmed and moving around to avoid the crow, the eagle simply retracts one wing at the last moment, letting the diving crow pass by, and extends its wing back out. The whole thing requires minimal effort and is perfectly efficient. Being experienced in dealing with the sudden arising of emotions in the mind works in a similar way.

W: That reminds me of what we do when we encounter severe difficulties that require fast solutions, such as a complicated traffic situation. We immediately call on a large repertoire of escape strategies that we have learned and practiced, and then we choose among them without much reasoning, relying mainly on subconscious heuristics.
I very much appreciate this book and—awkward cover and bland title notwithstanding—wholeheartedly recommend everything about it. Carve yourself off a month or two and look into what it is that makes a mind a person.
27 reviews1 follower
September 15, 2020
This one took me some time to get through. The subject matter of the book is difficult to describe due to limitations in language and the shear breadth of fields that are necessary to truly grasp the conclusions they attempt to reach. Fields such as physics, mediation, religion, neuroscience, and more are all covered. The good news is that a reader does not need an in depth understanding of all of these in order to read this book (but it wouldn't hurt).

As described below this book is a long form interview/discussion between the authors. By design or not, I think this is an effective way to dissect and understand this book. I read it and then discussed with a family member. I felt the book raised more questions than it answers, which made discussing it with another reader all the more useful.

I often struggle with the decision to read more or meditate more, but for me, reading this book has had lasting effects similar to mediation. I have a sense of more attention to my awareness and to my identity not being defined by my emotions.

This was a great read that truly changed the way I think and interact with others.
Profile Image for Clayton Felipe.
Author 1 book3 followers
October 1, 2025
Meditation is much more than just a moment of silence. When we meditate, the brain shifts into a state of balance: the amygdala (responsible for stress and fear) quiets down, while areas linked to focus, memory, and well-being become more active. This practice reduces anxiety, improves concentration, strengthens emotional resilience, and fosters a deep sense of inner peace. It’s amazing how something that seems so simple can bring such transformative benefits to both body and mind
Profile Image for Vui Lên.
Author 1 book2,784 followers
October 1, 2020
Thiền định được trò chuyện, phân tích dưới góc độ của khoa học thần kinh.

Phiên bản tiếng Việt mới ra mắt gần đây có tên là Vượt qua cái tôi, cuốn sách gần nhất của Matthieu Ricard, một nhà sư phật giáo mà mình dành nhiều thời gian để đọc gần đây.

Matthieu giải thích về thiền, về cái tôi, về hanh phúc rất hay. Cuốn sách này thiền được phân tích dưới góc độ khoa học thực nghiệm, nhiều câu chuyện thực tế về giá trị mà thiền mang lại cho cuộc sống của chúng ta.

Những phân tích về khoa học thần kinh sẽ khiến chúng ta tin tưởng hơn và kiên nhẫn hơn trong việc thực hành thiền hằng ngày.

Tuy vậy phần trao đổi của nhà khoa học thần kinh khá trúc trắc, phần dịch đọc cũng khó nên cuốn sách này bị giảm đi nhiều giá trị. Nếu chịu khó đọc thì vẫn mò thêm được vài viên ngọc quý.

Sách dành cho bạn nào đã biết về thiền, có hiểu biết về cái tôi. Còn không thì hơi khó đọc đó.
Profile Image for Scott.
56 reviews6 followers
July 13, 2018
I picked this book up randomly in the new release section of my library. It was mostly a good balance of both the third-person scientific perspective of the neuroscientist Wolf Singer and the first-person contemplative experience of the monk Matthieu Ricard. I would have liked less Singer and more Ricard, as the science writing is a bit dry. Singer had me rolling my eyes a fair bit in the way he tried to scientifically mansplain complex subjective experiences. But the way Ricard followed up was always extremely on point, which had me wondering if a bit of it was just Singer playing devils advocate. I have no doubt that Wolf Singer is an ally and much of the work that I see coming out of the Max Planck Institute is inspiring. Singer comes off as a bit of a behaviorist at times but Ricard was so chill and well considered in his responses that it made me want to read more of his work.
Profile Image for Hugo Cantuarias.
121 reviews1 follower
October 10, 2020
Maravilloso libro, el segundo que leo de Ricard en este formato de conversación, en esta oportunidad con Wolf Singer. Singer desde la neurociencia va contrastando cada una de los aspectos relativos al la conciencia y la meditación que plantea Ricard, a su vez los argumentos budistas de este último son impecables y el debate lógico entre ambos es una delicia. Cuenta con numerosas referencias al chileno Francisco Varela, amigo tanto de Ricard como de Singer y del Dalia Lama, todo un honor tener a este fallecido compatriota entre estos nombres. No es un libro sencillo de leer por lo profunda de sus ideas pero recomendable para todos aquellos con inquietud de mente y espíritu.
2 reviews2 followers
March 8, 2018
L’auteur de la préface ne ment pas: c’est bien un ouvrage exigeant. C’est aussi et surtout un sacré bon coup de pied au cul. Indispensable!
Profile Image for Simon Lavoie.
139 reviews17 followers
November 16, 2021
Après la création de l'institut Mind & Life par Francesco Varela, et la mise au point d'un programme de réduction du stress basé sur une version laïcisée et simplifiée des traditions méditatives par le médecin américain Jon Kabat-Zin, le passage de Mathieu Ricard sous l'imagerie magnétique fonctionnelle et celle des autres moines bouddhistes qu'il a convaincu de s'y prêter a marqué une étape définitive dans la prise au sérieux de la méditation comme science contemplative (une science à la 1ere personne) et voie d'auto-transformation. L'ampleur des changements neurologiques observés chez les méditants avancés a imposé un changement de ton, comme à sa manière, tranquillement, la découverte de la généralité de la neuroplasticité (la modulation fonctionnelle de style pléiotropie, la réutilisation de circuits anciens pour des tâches nouvelles, l'absence d'une véritable spécialisation fonctionnelle, même au sein des systèmes les plus primitifs qui soient).

Parmi les questions sur la nature de la conscience qu'aborde le présent ouvrage, qui résulte de 8 ans d'échanges entre Ricard et Singer (neuroscientifique jadis directeur de l'institut Max Planck de la recherche sur le cerveau, et découvreur des ondes bêta), figure celle-ci : comment un exercice conscient comme celui que donnent en exemple les méditants avancés permet-il de façonner les états mentaux et les processus non-conscients de sélection des pensées et des humeurs ? La réponse qu'esquisse Singer consiste à rendre biologiquement plausible la causalité descendante (sujet avec lequel plusieurs philosophes se sont escrimés, et qui a pu me servir de technique de drague à une unique mais mémorable occasion). Un autre sujet, proche, consiste à répondre à la thèse de David Chalmers, trop abondamment reprise et estimée (au point de former le nouveau "chic" y compris dans les disciplines comme l'anthropologie qui avaient tout à perdre à y adhérer), selon laquelle, les états conscients étant toujours et d'abord des états neuronaux, n'ajoutent rien que ces derniers n'aient déjà et sont inutiles. Les réponses apportées par Ricard et Singer sont satisfaisantes et comptent parmi leurs quelques points de ralliement, sur fond d'un écart persistant entre une démarche qui identifie la conscience à la production de pensées (unification symbolique et communicationnelle, prédiction et révision de connaissances stockées), démarche pour laquelle la méta-conscience est le fruit tardif d'un travail et d'un développement, et une autre démarche qui tient la méta-conscience (ou la conscience éveillée) comme un point de départ antérieur et irréductible aux pensées.
Facile d'accès. Comporte quelques redites et moments un peu longs (notamment la discussion sur le libre arbitre), mais néanmoins, instructif et riche.
Profile Image for Wing.
372 reviews18 followers
May 29, 2022
More than a decade in the making, this extraordinary book records the dialogues between an expert Buddhist meditator (a trained molecular geneticist and himself studied by neuroscientists) and an
expert neurophysiologist that took place over a span of eight years. It is indeed astounding that so many Buddhist concepts, accumulated through two millennia of introspective observations, have been backed up by modern neuroscience. They do have some divergences but on the whole they reinforce each other. Different readers will find different gems. For me, I think the take home message is that inner peace is a byproduct of the development of human virtues. It is not necessarily an end in itself. These virtues can be achieved only through perseverance and practices so that the schemata of the mind can be changed step by step thoroughly, when virtues become internalised as implicit predispositions. Mere theoretical understanding simply will not do the trick. One such practice is meditation and its neurological mechanisms are explored and examined in great depth. Through this one realises Self is only a heuristic term for stream of consciousness that is “devoid of autonomous, inherent characteristics and existence” (p. 117), and so-called freewill is essentially “the culminating point of a life-long experience” (p. 169). These are keys to render our behaviour based more on internal
variables than external stimuli. Such understanding are conducive to compassion and altruism. These are indeed, supported by evidence, the most reliable source of what we call happiness. The last fifteen or so pages are too speculative to my liking, and the discussion on freewill is at times muddled. Nevertheless, five stars – for its conception and authoritativeness.
Profile Image for Barry.
85 reviews
March 20, 2020
I've been looking for a book like this for awhile now. An integrative approach to meditation. The book is formatted as a long form interview between a neuroscientist and an experienced meditation practitioner (who also has a background in science). The book follows a bit of a pattern, with Wolf (the neuroscience expert ) dominating the conversation and Matthieu giving his response. While Wolf's contributions can be a bit difficult to process- it's neuroscience, Matthieu's complements them with paraphrases for the layman, and suggestions for application of the science to the practice. The conversation's tone is amicable and open minded, but at times the two are at odds. Many topics don't lead to a resolution, but offer much useful insight on the topic. I ended up writing 5 pages of notes filled with paraphrases of the main ideas, and thought provoking questions that were raised as a result of the dialogue.

If you are a practicing mediator, the conversation can add motivation and perspective to keep your practice fresh. If you are not, it's quite possible that this would convince you to start.
There are countless accounts of the benefits of meditation and no shortage of advocates, but perhaps being enlightened to the science behind it all may be the vehicle to finally convince those who are on the fence. It's important that material like this is spread, because as the book highlights, meditation benefits not just the individual, but more importantly society as a whole.
Profile Image for Zachary Flessert.
197 reviews7 followers
June 25, 2018
I was referred to this book from an excerpt in The Atlantic. It peaked my interest for a few reasons, the primary reason being that it is an academic conversation about the details of the agreements and disagreements between Buddhist and neuroscientific philosophies. It delves into both epistemology (considerably) and ontology.

It is a technical read that requires focus and endurance but it is immensely illuminating and humbling. Any ideas you have about free will and consciousness are going to challenged, looked at, pieced apart, and rephrased and restated. The world is a lot more complicated than we think it is, and any assumptions we carry about free will or common sense are to be left at the door and never picked up again.

Recommended for Buddhists with scientific backgrounds, scientists interested in discourse about the nature of reality with non-scientists, and anyone who thinks they know a final answer on the nature of free will or consciousness. I recommend reading it in 5 sits, corresponding to the 5 "essays". I recommend a pairing with The Mind Illuminated, which is a guide on meditation that incorporates and explains neuroscience and neuroscientific models of the mind and consciousness.
Profile Image for Kalli Talonpoika.
63 reviews2 followers
July 9, 2024
Budism on ka neuroloogilisest perspektiivist kõva teema B)

Budistlik arusaam enese puudumisest klapib ideaalselt neuroloogiliste leidmistega, mis on kinnitanud, et inimese "enda" asukohta pole võimalik ajus kuidagimoodi määrata, millest võib järeldada et ego on (üsnagi kahjulik) illusioon. Samuti on neuroloogia veel enam tõestanud meditatsiooni siiani alahinnatud võimet positiivset muutust luua.

Raamat lõpeb täpselt kõige huvitavama koha peal, ehk siis küsimusega "kas teadvus võib olla immateriaalne?" ja igast parapsühholoogiliste nähtustega, mille uurimiseks jääb tänapäeva teadusest veel väheks. Seda enam tahaks nüüd The Matter With Things: Our Brains, Our Delusions, and the Unmaking of the World lugeda, mis tunduvalt jätkab sealt, kus Beyond the Self pidama jääb.
Profile Image for Miles.
33 reviews1 follower
December 23, 2021
Mieux vaut être déjà familier avec les notions scientifiques concernant la neurologie et les techniques de méditation avant de commencer la lecture de ce livre. Même sous forme de dialogue et avec des paragraphes-titres, il s'agit d'une lecture exigeante qui requiert beaucoup de concentration et d'attention. Les sujets abordés sont toutefois fascinants, et les exemples donnés par ces deux sommités dans leur domaine respectif pour illustrer leur propos nous éclairent heureusement un peu mieux sur ce sujet exigeant.
134 reviews1 follower
May 23, 2022
Neurologische Forschungsergebnisse lassen vermuten, dass die dualistische Trennung zwischen Körper und Geist eine falsche Annahme ist. Umso mehr war ich auf die Aufzeichnungen der Gespräche zwischen einem Neurowissenschaftler und einem buddhistischen Mönch gespannt. Neben sehr spannenden und aufschlussreichen Diskussionen, u.a. über die Auswirkungen der Debatte und Erkenntnisse im Hinblick auf den "freien Willen", enthielt der Gesprächsband allerdings leider auch einige eher zähe und sich stark wiederholende Abschnitte, die das Lesen erschwert haben.
23 reviews3 followers
July 7, 2024
Este libro me ha parecido una auténtica maravilla. En un mundo de polarización poder leer dos visiones diferentes tratando de dialogar, pudiendo abordar los puntos comúnes y los diferentes me resulta muy enriquecedor.
Es cierto que en algunos momentos la lectura se hace un poco compleja por el nivel de compresión de procesos cerebrales o de la parte más filosófica del budismo. Sin embargo merece la pena el esfuerzo de lectura
Profile Image for Mariana.
10 reviews
May 26, 2021
Por mais que os autores tenham simplificado e explicado muito bem os termos técnicos utilizados, a leitura é um pouco difícil em certos capítulos. Mas vale a pena a leitura!
Recomendo papel e lápis para anotar trechos importantes.
45 reviews
April 17, 2022
3.75*
Bản dịch Tiếng Việt dùng nhiều câu ghép 2 3 ý lại với nhau để diễn đạt làm mình rối mù lên. Với cả, cảm nhận bản thân còn thiếu nhiều kiến thức nền về não bộ để hiểu những gì Wolf nói. Chắc chắn sẽ quay lại lần 2, 3 để hiểu hơn.
Profile Image for Davinson Sanchez Areniz.
6 reviews1 follower
December 30, 2022
Achei um livro um pouco pesado de ler, confesso que não cheguei finalizar ele, é um diálogo entre os dois personagens, falando sobre a mente humana desde o ponto de vista oriental e ocidental, depende do que você está procurando pode ser um bom o mal livro.
Profile Image for Cynthia.
Author 6 books8 followers
February 13, 2018
I am tempted to put this under "mysteries" in my shelves but decided on religious, which is even less correct. I didn't expect to be as fascinated by this book as I was. Recommend.
Profile Image for Marshall.
170 reviews21 followers
March 18, 2018
The book highlights the benefits of mediation and how developing a daily habit of meditating can improve our well being and experience of life. But it can be a much shorter book in my opinion
Profile Image for Anthony Mazzorana.
249 reviews8 followers
June 1, 2019
Fascinating topic but I don't think it works well as a book. It would be much better as a series of podcasts. In my opinion.
Profile Image for Phuoc Truong.
181 reviews5 followers
September 23, 2021
Cuốn sách khá hay nhưng khó đọc, phải đọc chậm từng nút một mới hiểu được.
Profile Image for G.
101 reviews
June 20, 2022
You may need to have a doctorate in something to understand this book. I have to put it aside for a while because it's such heavy, intense reading. I'm not enjoying it.
246 reviews1 follower
August 4, 2022
I quite enjoyed some of the conversation in this book while being extremely bored by other sections.
12 reviews
January 13, 2023
Una gran apertura a comprender la conciencia, si ya tienes bases de neurociencia será más digerible, si aún no inicias se puede hacer un poco más pesado.
94 reviews1 follower
June 13, 2023
Place: got it from Jean's stuff back from the dorms to summer in Paris. Gave it to Anthony.
Profile Image for Shub Chowdhury.
7 reviews
July 4, 2023
Beyond the Self is a masterpiece of intellectual inquiry, bridging the realms of science and spirituality with remarkable clarity and wisdom.
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