The title reminds the reader of Philemon and Baucis (Two Characters by Ovid), the couple that despite their own poverty welcomed each guest friendly in their house. After Zeus enjoyed their hospitality, he granted them a wish. In order to never have to live without each other, they asked to die at the same time.
The radioplay Philemon und Baukis takes place in Greece, during the second World War. Now there are Nikolaos and Marulja that open their cabin in the mountains for everybody, greek partisans and german soldiers alike.
The radioplay was broadcast for the first time on May 3, 1955 by Bayerischer Rundfunk München.