Trading: Technical Analysis Masterclass - Rofl Schlotmann & Moritz Czubatinski
Mar - Mar, 2026
Candlesticks
- If the size of the candlestick bodies increases over a period, then the price trend accelerates and a trend is intensified.
- When the size of the bodies shrinks, this can mean that a prevailing trend comes to an end.
- Candlestick bodies that remain constant confirm a stable trend.
- Sudden shift from long rising candlesticks to long failing candlesticks indicates change in trend and strong market forces.
- Long shadows can be a sign of uncertainty. Buyers and sellers are competing.
- Short shadows indicate a stable market.
- We can often see that the length of the candlestick shadows increases after long trend phases. Increasing fluctuation indicates that the battle between buyers and sellers is intensifying and the strength ratio is no longer as one-sided as it was during the trend.
- During a strong trend, the candlestick bodies are often significantly longer than the shadows.
- When the trend slows down, the ratio changes and the shadows become longer in comparison to the candlestick bodies.
- Sideways phases and turning points are usually characterized by candlesticks that have a long shadow and only short bodies.
- If only one dominant shadow which sticks out on one side and the candlestick body is on the opposite side, the this scenario is referred to as rejection, a hammer or a pinbar.
- Another scenario shows a candlestick with two equally long shadows on both sides and a relatively small body shows an indecision candlestick.
- Signal candlestick patterns
- Pinbar - A pinbar after a long uptrend often signifies an imminent sell-off
- Hanging man - its main feature is the long shadow against the prevailing trend direction, which shows the newly developed interest of the opposition.
- Marubozu - also known as an impulse, momentum or trend continuation.
- Doji - indicates a temporary pause and indecision by the market players. If a Doji occurs during a trend phase, it usually has no significance and everything depends on the candlestick that follows.
- Multiple candlesticks patterns
- Engulfing candlestick - the following engulfing candlestick then signals that the strength ratio suddenly reverses and more buyers enter the market so rapidly that they explosively reverse the trend direction within a single candlestick. In this context, the engulfing formation is a reversal signal.
- Three Black Crows (3BC) / Three White Soldiers (3WS) - 3BC formation often resemble the Marubozu candlesticks and signal a strong downward impulse.
- Three Inside Up (3IU) - 2nd candlestick is a small candlestick which is completely engulfed by the previous one, hence the term 'inside'. This means that the price movement is slowing down. 3rd candlestick is a strong impulse candlestick, it ultimately confirms that the sellers have been completely pushed out of the market.
- If the candlesticks become smaller, they indicate that a trend is slowing down. Long shadows also signal a rejection and the strong impulse candlestick in the opposite direction of long shadows confirms the final change of direction.
- Evening Star / Abandoned Baby - the Doji initially indicates only a temporary pause in the upward trend and has no significance on its own. However, if the Doji is followed by a strong Marubozu candlestick in the opposite trend direct, this often signals a complete trend reversal.
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- Phases - trends, corrections, consolidations, breakouts, trend reversal.
- Support and resistance order absorption
- Whenever the price reaches resistance during an upward trend, more sellers will enter the market and enter their sell trades. If the price reaches the same resistance level again, fewer sellers will wait there. This phenomenon is call order absorption. The resistance is gradually weakened until the buyers no longer encounter resistance and the price can break out upward and continue the upward trend.
- Supply and demand zones
1. Moderate volatility - good supply and demand zones are usually relatively narrow and the price does not fluctuate strongly during the short consolidation phase. This indicates a proper balance.
2. Timely breakout - good zones should no wait too long for the breakout and the consolidation phases are often short. The underlying idea is that the buying and selling interests suddenly tilt, but this imbalance ought not to be too long in coming.
3. Strong breakout - the stronger the breakout away from the initial zone, the higher the probability of the price showing such a reaction in case of the next entry.
4. Order absorption - price levels can be weakened with each contact point. Therefore, only the first, or at most the second, re-entry into a supply and demand zone should be traded.
5. Spring formation - cannot always be found in a supply and demand zone, but it can improve the quality of such a zone. A spring formation shows a failed breakout attempt, which is immediately reversed.
- How to avoid traps
1. Avoid late entries.
2. Wait for confirmed breakouts.
- Indicators
Momentum Trend Volatility Chart studies
Stochastic ADX Bollinger Bands Horizontal lines
RSI Moving averages Standard deviation Fibonacci
CCI ATR Supply / Demand
Williams % MACD Keltner Channel Trend lines
MACD Parabolic SAR Envelopes
Bollinger Bands
Ichimoku Cloud
- The most important factor for selecting the indicators is to use only one indicator per group to avoid repeat signals
- Best settings for MA
- 9, 10 periods
- 20/21 periods
- 50 periods
- 100 and 200 periods
- Overbought and Oversold
- Knowing this, over bought does not mean that the trend is likely to reverse, but that the price is in a strong trend.
- Bollinger Bands
- "In my trading I prefer to use 2.5 standard deviation to filter out noise signals.
- During trend phases, the price usually progresses along the outer bands.
- If the price pulls away from the outer bands and moves to the middle, this can often represent a weakening trend.
- If the price then breaks the middle band, it usually signals the end of a trend.
- How to find reversals
- For the statistical point of view, 2.5 std dev means 99% of all price movements take place within the BB
- When a price movement that breaks the outer bands, it indicates a rare condition. However, we must distinguish between two different situations in such a case:
1. If the price shoots through the outer band and also closes outside the outer band. This indicates an extremely strong trend and a continuation is likely.
2. If the price shoots through the outer band and then immediately reverses, it indicates rejection.
- Just like the MA, the MACD should not be used during sideways phases.