As a veteran professor of English, Leland Ryken is tremendously qualified to share about the styles of poetry which he discusses in 40 Favorite Hymns on the Christian Life: A Closer Look at Their Spiritual and Poetic Meaning. Although its design with short essays on each of the forty hymns is set up to function as a devotional book, I found myself unable to discipline myself to reading one devotional each morning as a supplement to my other devotional reading. As a result, a book which should have seen daily use over a month-and-a-half soon was finished only two weeks after I first cracked it. Oh, I managed to stick to one essay/devotional per day for about three days before I started reading at least three per day.
The design of the book is simple. After a brief introduction which reminds readers that the hymnals of an earlier era only had words (no music) in them, he observes that it would probably have been easier to consider the hymns as poems in that format. With that in mind, Ryken begins each essay/devotional with the lyrics of the hymn to be discussed, printed in full. Usually, each hymn begins with either a discussion of its genre or some biographical note about its author. From there, one is either walked through the dominant images/metaphors of the hymn or is directed to the stylistic features and arrangement of the hymn. Naturally, Ryken isn’t finished until he draws from biblical allusions within each hymn and chooses the scripture closest to the theme expressed in the hymn for a devotional close.
Because so many hymns evoke a call to praise or action, Ryken defines the literary term, apostrophe, for the reader. It is most often recognized in the “O, somebody do something…” phrase. For example (although not discussed in the book), one would find it in the opening phrase of “O Come, all ye faithful…” or the classic gospel hymn (also not discussed in this book), “O, soul, are you weary and troubled….” Since I’m always telling my church members to watch out for the rhetorical questions in the Bible, I appreciated Ryken’s concise definition as “a question for which the answer is obvious.” (p. 156). In the Bible, that answer is often to be answered in the negative even as Ryken’s example from a hymn, “What more can he [God] say than to you he has said?” (pp. 45, 156) Of course, the answer is “Nothing!” God has told us all we need to know to come to Him.
The biographical notes are also quite enlightening. Even Ryken admits that the imagery in “Like a River Glorious” seems “over-the-top” with the first stanzas comparison of a peaceful, flowing river with the assurance and contentment of peace God gives, the second stanza’s imagery of God’s strong hand as a safe haven, and the third stanza’s pun where we can judge time from the shining of God’s Son, the Sun of Love (pp. 66-67). But lest one think these are merely platitudes, Ryken describes the author’s (Frances Havergal’s) life from 1874-1876, the latter year being when it was written. First, she nearly died from a persistent illness she had contracted in Wales. Then, her publisher and holder of the U.S. rights to her songs suffered bankruptcy before her book could be published (with the rights tied up in legal wrangling, apparently). Then, the sole copy of a book she had written was destroyed in a fire before it could go to press (p. 67). Knowing that, it will be hard to think of those lyrics as simplistic images or easily proffered sympathies. The hymn was forged in sorrow.
A hymn I have never heard was written by a Puritan minister of the 19th century, “Fill Thou My Life, O Lord My God.” Of course, I listened to a youtube performance of it after reading it. But, here again, a bit of background information is helpful is appreciating the message of the poem/hymn. The hymn is a petition to God to make every aspect of the believer’s life full of God’s action. “The Puritan sacramental vision is based on the opposite premise [to that of sacred space] of making all of life sacred by bringing God and spiritual reality into the common life. A typical Puritan statement is that a person who lives with God at the center of his life will find that ‘his shop as well as his chapel is holy ground.’” (p. 138)
40 Favorite Hymns on the Christian Life: A Closer Look at Their Spiritual and Poetic Meaning will cause those who don’t get to sing hymns in their worship services anymore to ache with nostalgia. But even then, read as a devotional book (one essay per day unless you are as undisciplined as I am), it will be encouraging, as well as offer an appreciation for where our ancestors in faith took their stands in the past. The high rating is because of its excellence as a devotional book. Those looking for deep theological discussion or detailed history need not apply.