Could those black specs on the horizon be the British? Could this be the realisation of Roald Amundsen’s worst fears; that Captain Scott has won through with his dreaded motor sledges, proving obsolete the Norwegians’ superior skiing ability, sledge construction and dog handling? Ski champion Olav Bjaaland races forward to find out.
The specs prove to be nothing but dog turds, magnified into absurd size by the bizarre optical characteristics of the polar light. The British reduced to crap.
Norwegian Roald Amundsen had already made polar history when he became the first to successfully navigate the Arctic’s infamous northwest passage in 1903–06. Next, he set his sights on conquering the North Pole, but was beaten to it. So instead, the ambitious Norwegian turned his imperious eyes south, and told virtually no one, not even his crew aboard the Fram. Famously, when the ship reached the port of Madeira in the middle of 1910, he cabled Captain Scott ‘Beg to inform you Fram proceeding Antarctic’.
Amundsen’s unflinching resolve and honed ability as an explorer are well known, so much so that it is easy to forget all the uncertainty of his South Pole expedition. As she did with her previous book 'Into the White', Joanna Grochowicz has written a superbly readable polar narrative. She effortlessly introduces the characters, not least the dogs that were Amundsen’s trump card. On the journey south, the dogs, kennelled on deck aboard the Fram, lose condition with the cold, discomfort and lack of exercise. So the crew feed them butter from the ship’s stores. One man complains, ‘If we keep feeding them like this, there’ll be none left for us humans.’ Dog handler Sverre Hassel replies, ‘The dogs are more important than you or me [...] The whole outcome of this expedition depends on them. You want to be successful or eat pancakes?’
Much more than pancake deficit could have gone wrong. Amundsen’s hut Framheim was built on the sea ice at the Bay of Whales, which while 100 miles closer to the pole than Scott’s Ross Island base, was at not inconsiderable risk of breaking away. The dogs often proved unruly and constantly fought; on the depot laying mission, in temperatures as low as minus 45, some nearly starved, and ate whips, ski bindings and harnesses.
Impatient, Amundsen insisted in setting off too early for the pole, despite the warnings from Hjalmar Johansen, the only other man on the expedition with comparable polar experience. It could so easily have ended in mutiny, or frozen disaster.
The tension between Amundsen and Johansen is well teased out, and flash-backs to Amundsen’s previous life provide a sense of how he came to be racing for the major prize in polar exploration. Grochowicz beautifully captures a sense of place too: ‘The commotion that is inevitable when forty-two impatient dogs set off at a gallop can still be heard when the teams disappear over the ridge and onto the Great Ice Barrier. But the continent swallows the sound soon enough into its vast empty belly.’
Amundsen took a huge risk too in his choice of route up the Axel Heiberg Glacier, which – unlike Scott’s already proven route up the Beardmore Glacier – was wholly unknown. Parts proved to be a crevasse minefield. ‘A mighty crust breaks away under the back of his skis with a dull booming sound, revealing a void that has been waiting a thousand years to swallow a man.’
Grochowicz weaves the story with impressive skill and a gift for convincing dialogue. Throughout she shows how Amundsen succeeded – losing not one man. Drawings by Sarah Lippett add charm to the book, which serves as a perfect introduction to polar history for younger readers – or a welcome return for all Antarctic enthusiasts.
‘How will history view my latest polar conquest,’ Amundsen wonders. ‘Will I be remembered for my dedication, my discipline, my daring, or merely my deception?’ Amundsen could not have known that neither his success nor his deception would overshadow the tragedy of the British explorers. We all know the names of Scott’s doomed polar party: Oates, Wilson, Bowers and Evans.
But how many people can name the Norwegian team?
For the record, here they are: Roald Amundsen, Olav Bjaaland, Sverre Hassel, Helmer Hansen and Oscar Wisting. First to the South Pole, 14 December 1911. 'Amundsen’s Way' is a satisfying tribute to their place in polar history.