Since The Mystery of Edwin Drood was only half a story, the volume that Ernie gave me at our last Gentlemen's Book Club included Master Humphrey's Clock at the back, I suppose as a kind of compensation.
Dickens originally wrote it as a weekly periodical between April 1840 and December 1841. The illustrations, which I loved, were by George Cattermole and Hablot Browne, better known as Phiz.
Master Humphrey is a lonely, crippled old man who lives in London. He keeps manuscripts in an antique clock by the chimney. He decides to start a little club, Master Humphrey's Clock, at which the members — eventually six in total, including Mr Pickwick — would write and read out their manuscripts to the others. A mirror club in the kitchen, Mr. Weller's Watch, includes Master Humphrey's maid, the barber, and Sam Weller. The collection serves also as an introduction to The Old Curiosity Shop and Barnaby Rudge.
I can hardly express how my admiration of Dickens's writing has grown since embarking on my stuttering journey through his works. It's early days, and perhaps some disappointment yet awaits me, but I am already convinced of the man's genius.
As one may expect in a series of short anecdotes there is no central theme, nor one storyline apart from those of the little club itself, but allow me to make some observations, not only about the work but about Dickens himself.
The first concerns Master Humphrey's self-introduction. This isn't the first time I've noticed Dickens use ugliness or deformity to embody goodness. Master Humphrey explains that he lives alone, that he is old and crippled, that he has never married or had children, but that he has nevertheless no bitterness and no enemies. Indeed, he spends time elaborating how people treat him with some suspicion at first and how, bit by bit, he gains their trust through kindness and a smile.
But it is his story of how he dealt with all these things as a small child that touched me. In one remembrance he is with a group of other children at his mother's house, possibly at a birthday party, admiring a picture of a group of 'infant angels'.
There were many lovely angels in this picture and I remember the fancy coming upon me to point out which of them represented each child there, and that when I had gone through my companions, I stopped and hesitated, wondering which was most like me. I remember the children looking at each other, and my turning red and hot, and their crowding round to kiss me, saying that they loved me all the same; and then, and when the old sorrow came into my dear mother's mild and tender look, the truth broke upon me for the first time, and I knew, while watching my awkward and ungainly sports, how keenly she had felt for her poor crippled boy.
Of course, not all good people are ugly and not all bad people are handsome, but I am reminded nonetheless of my previous comments about Dickens's love of caricature. In this instance he makes a strong case, yet again, for judging a man by a his deeds rather than by his outward appearance. I shall come back to this thought momentarily.
Another observation concerns Dickens's sense of humour. It is indirect and gentle. It is always present, especially in his dialogue, ready to surprise me. While reading I smile constantly.
Take the example of Mr Weller, a corpulent old man. He has a strange way of speaking, being a commoner among toffs whom he tries hard to emulate with limited success. He mixes up his v's and w's, for example, and occasionally inserts a superfluous syllable into some of his larger words.
He also imagines that Master Humphrey's housemaid has taken a liking to him as, in his vast experience of such things, women are often wont to do. He knows not why he is so irresistible, but there it is. He warns his son, whom he calls 'Samivel', of the need for care in such circumstances. The last thing he needs, he declares, is 'inadwertant captiwation'.
This is not a laughing-out-loud comedy, nor is it pointing fingers, mocking, or even direct. It is the slightest raising of the eyebrow and the faintest broadening of the mouth's corner, ever so gentle, ever so pleasant. It's as if, while writing, Dickens looks unremittingly for the fun. This is refreshing.
Occasionally, however, he loses his sense of the comic completely. It is rare, so to quote an example I need, with your indulgence, to take you back to The Mystery of Edwin Drood. Mr Honeythunder — yet another wonderful caricature with a marvellously apt name — is the president of the Society of Philanthropy, an organization with values supposedly held high, but falling short of them. Dickens reserves some particularly choice words for him.
Always something in the nature of a Boil upon the face of society, Mr Honeythunder expanded into an inflammatory Wen in Minor Canon Corner. Though it was not literally true, as was facetiously charged against him by public unbelievers, that he called aloud to his fellow-creatures: 'Curse your souls and bodies, come here and be blessed!' still his philanthropy was of that gunpowderous sort that the difference between it and animosity was hard to determine. You were to abolish military force, but you were first to bring all commanding officers who had done their duty, to trial by court-martial for that offence, and shoot them. You were to abolish war, but were to make converts by making war upon them, and charging them with loving war as the apple of their eye. You were to have no capital punishment, but were first to sweep off the face of the earth all legislators, jurists, and judges, who were of the contrary opinion. You were to have universal concord, and were to get it by eliminating all the people who wouldn't, or conscientiously couldn't, be concordant. You were to love your brother as yourself, but after an indefinite interval of maligning him (very much as if you hated him), and calling him all manner of names.
Dickens was a Christian. He gave a copy of the New Testament to each of his children when they left home and he wrote a volume, published posthumously, about the life of Jesus. However, he had no truck with the Old Testament nor with the ideas of the Virgin Birth or Communion. To him, the dogma, bigotry, doctrine, and rabid religiosity of established Christianity were not Christian at all; they were hypocritical, self-serving, and, above all, un-English. Mr Honeythunder epitomized the enemy and Dickens used him to spell out the perils of righteousness.
Rather, Dickens's Christianity focused on good works and on the example of Jesus in this respect. A more unchristian book than the Old Testament and a more humourless god than Jehovah would be hard to find. Dickens, being fond of both kindness and a smile, can be forgiven for dismissing both. The meek must not only inherit the earth; they must also be bequeathed a sense of humour.
Master Humphrey dies, quietly, dignified, happy, sitting next to his fire with his walking-stick next to him. His clock is allowed to wind down, his fire goes cold, while the great machinery of St Paul's Cathedral's clock never stops. The metaphor is unmissable.
Recollections of the past and visions of the present come to bear me company; the meanest man to whom I have ever given alms appears, to add his mite of peace and comfort to my stock; and whenever the fire within me shall grow cold, to light my path upon this earth no more, I pray that it may be at such an hour as this, and when I love the world as well as I do now.
Master Humphrey's Clock is a little masterpiece, and I loved it. More especially, I have learned to appreciate the peacefulness, goodness, and inherent kindness of Dickens, while I have received at his hand something of the art of not destroying but recognizing and treating their opposites with restrained disdain. Read it.