Brainstorm provides enough information to be insightful and useful, while maintaining a user friendly readability that does not make you feel like you've just been assigned a text book. Dr. Siegel identifies four distinguishing features of adolescence, all with both positive and negative behavioral implications. These four features are summarized in the acronym, ESCENCE: ES-emotional spark/emotional intensity; CE-creative explorations; N-novelty seeking, and SE-social engagement. Siegel loves acronyms, which can get a little clumsy at times, but this one provides a decent, if misspelled, mnemonic for the ESSENCE of adolescence, a developmental period that he defines as encompassing ages 12 through 24.
Siegel points out that adolescence is not a hormone fueled, crazy, lazy, awful period to be survived. It is rather an important period that involves important developmental tasks and sets the stage for a successful adulthood.
Siegel says that, “Life is on fire when we hit our teens. And these changes are not something to avoid or just get through, but to encourage. Brainstorm was born from the need to focus on the positive essence of this period of life for adolescents and for adults.”
Early on in the text, Siegel summarizes the upsides and downsides of each of the four identified features of adolescence. For example, the upside of ES (emotional spark) includes energy, vitality, exuberance, and a zest for being alive on the planet. The downside of ES includes intense emotion ruling the day (instead of reason), leading to possible moodiness, impulsivity, and reactivity. This description fits well with the drama inherent in adolescence. He goes on to outline the pros and cons of the other features of the stage.
Siegel makes a compelling argument that adolescence is the time that the stage is set for what follows. Siegel suggests that navigating and exploring adolescence can help pave the way for an adult life of joy, passion, and playfulness instead of lifelessness, boredom, and uninspired routine.
One of the challenges that Siegel points out is that communal and sanctioned rites of passage are often minimized or missing. With a lack of jobs or other ways to connect outside of the family, the peer group becomes very important. And at times the peer group of other adolescents can increase inappropriate risk taking (driving unsafely, defiance of authority, aggressive behavior to maintain peer group status, other unsafe behavior) instead of appropriate risk taking (expanding creativity, novel ways to solve problems, challenging outdated or negative norms or stereotypes; personal growth).
Dr. Siegel describes the Mindsight program that he developed to help increase mental awareness and move through the stage of adolescence with greater health and harmony.
Mindsight includes three fundamental skills: insight, the ability to sense your own inner mental life, empathy, the ability to sense the inner mental life of another person, and integration, the ability to link different parts of something into a connected whole.
From there he goes on to describe how we create what he calls mindsight maps, or patterns of firing neurons, in the brain’s cortex. These maps include past and present experiences as well as expectations for future events. By increasing one’s mindsight, we can tap into the core of our emotional and social intelligence. Because of the features of adolescence (ES CE N SE) the adolescent mind is primed for creating these maps.
Siegel outlines several practices to evoke insight (SIFTing the MInd)* , illumination (focusing beyond the surface of an object or person), empathy (perspective shifting, relating to the feelings of others), integration (FACES or Flexibility, Adaptation, Connectedness, Energy, Stabilization; this practice is about achieving harmony instead of rigidity), and Identification of internal states (Name It To Tame It). Siegel introduces the practice of mind SIFTing, yet another acronym, this one for Sensing, Images, Feelings, and Thoughts. It basically involves reflecting without judgement on what one is currently sensing, and on whatever images, feelings, and thoughts come up. It is basically an internal check on how our senses, feelings, thoughts intersect with each other.
I particularly like the hand model of the brain that Siegel uses, where he has the reader use his/hers hand to represent different regions of the brain, and then describes the function of each area, all with the visual/tactile hand support in place.
Sometimes Siegel is talking to the adolescent, sometimes to parents, and sometimes seemingly to school personnel. While in that sense, the book meanders a little, it is still very readable and useful. As an educator, I was drawn to an Empathy Mindsight Practice because this particular practice can easily be integrated into a high school or middle school English/Language Arts curriculum. It basically involves turning off the sound on a video, movie clip, or other visual media presentation (or using a foreign language film with the sound on but no subtitles) to see what information is conveyed from non-verbal signals, and then allowing one’s mind to SIFT through the imagined world of the characters. This practice is designed to develop empathy by having students perspective-shift by trying to see through the mental lens of another person. The book offers several other practices, and presents an encouraging view of how to approach, rather than fear or hide from the unique life stage of adolescence.