This is the middle of a three-volume study of Field Marshal Sir Bernard Law Montgomery. It covers his military career from the highly successful conclusion of the battle of El Alamein, November 1942, to the (near) closing of the Falais pocket in August 1944. The major events of Monty’s campaigns covered here are the pursuit of Rommel’s army after El Alamein, the Tunisian campaign, Sicily, Italy, OVERLORD, and the Normandy Campaign. Monty’s strengths as a leader and campaign planner are shown, and his weaknesses of vanity and tactlessness (he would not have been comfortable in a human relations department).
The fact most impressing me was that the land component of the Normandy Campaign, from the landing to the liberation of Paris, was of his overall planning. The actions subordinate to it, such as COBRA, Patton’s drive to Alencon, the taking of Cherbourg, and GOODWOOD were executed by subordinates, but the overall orchestration was Monty’s. Author Hamilton takes the position that the British Second Army, by attacking Caen or around it, made the Americans’ job possible by attracting (or pinning) the Germans’ panzers formations to its area of operations (it’s hard to stop the Americans when you’re trying to defend the open country around Falais from the British). Other authors, one of whom is Carlo D’Este (Decision in Normandy) dispute this and I need to revisit that. Phase lines and their uses are involved. Whatever the particulars, the Allies broke through, broke out, and crossed the Seine.
The pursuit of Rommel to Tunisia didn’t seem to go as quickly as folks liked (fast enough for Rommel, I s’pose), and Hamilton assigns much of the blame to Lt. Gen. Lumsden, who, having died in a kamikaze attack in 1945, could not defend himself after this book came out (or when Monty’s own books came out). The battle of Medinene and the “left hook’ at Mareth get covered: Monty did what he set out to do. Coverage of the Sicily and mainland Italian campaigns concern themselves mainly with Monty’s disappointments with the prior planning of the campaigns. Patton’s side trip to Palermo is covered as a digression; he was consequently not available to assist with the drive to Massena.
Of Patton and Monty. Their supposed rivalry stems from the 1970 movie Patton. It looks to be invention. Hamilton doesn’t mention it and I doubt if Montgomery did. Now it’s time to read Farrago’s biography of Patton on which the movie is based.
Monty’s verbal blunders are covered as well as the bet with Bedel Smith in which Monty won a B17 for a while. We do learn that the British CIGS had to rake Monty over the coals more than once over such as this.
This, as are the other two books in the trilogy, is big (835 pp). By the time you’re approaching Paris, you may have forgotten North Africa. There’s a lot to learn, especially if your readings have been from the American movie-goers’ points of view.