What an amazing book about an even more amazing man. Some reviews had me concerned that the German to English translation would make the prose a bit clunky, but I didn't find that to be the case at all. This was a great balance of biographical story mixed with Bonhoeffer's theology and evolution of thought. Bonhoeffer was such a great thinker, a man of principle, and a patriot for his country, even willing to put his life on the line for principles without anyone telling him to do so.
Quite the opposite actually. One can only imagine how hard it is to live for truth when the societal pressure to conform to lies is so great. Looking back with 20/20 vision, we all like to think we would act similarly with regard to such a terrible regime. But we probably wouldn’t. When moments of decision arrive, we like to defer, hoping things will get better, or convincing ourselves that things aren’t really that bad yet – until it is and then it’s too late.
Bonhoeffer himself had many opportunities to jump to relative safety. He could have remained in the United States, or in England, or remained in many of the other locations abroad to which he traveled, even after the outbreak of war. However, he kept coming home to the lion’s den, yearning for the fight against evil. Even in his devotion to keeping the Confessing Church alive, he could have gone along with the German Christian program and kept earning his salary, but he didn’t. Bonhoeffer still was not deterred by the ever-increasing bans against his public speaking, and later his public writing, and the dangers that accompanied being ever more present on the regime’s radar. He instead doubled down by seeking position within the office of Military Intelligence, becoming a double agent for the Resistance. Even at the end of it all, while sitting in prison, he still felt as if he didn’t do enough. For example, in attempting to keep the Confessing Church alive, he felt that they turned too much to attention inward for survival, and too much away from the world and its people who really needed them in a time of crisis.
This book also does a great job at drawing you in (and warning us) as to just how a totalitarian regime consolidates its power. It’s never quick and sudden as it seems to be depicted in the history books. It is slow and gradual as liberties are stripped away, little by little, until enough people have sold out to the regime, the populace is largely complacent to what has happened, and suddenly it is too late. I was surprised to see courts still functioning long into the Nazi regime, still attempting to uphold legitimate German law, but rendered more and more ineffective as time went on.
We are also afforded a unique look into how a totalitarian state can slowly infiltrate religious institutions, particularly without directly shutting it all down, as we might be inclined to suspect. The regime instead works behind the scenes, putting nefarious plans into motion, all giving the illusion that church and state remain separated. Yet the goal of the state is to replace devotion to religion with devotion to the state. It is truly quite eerie.
My one main gripe with this book is that the author barely mentions Bonhoeffer’s seminal work, The Cost of Discipleship, published in 1937 (see pages 206-7), barely relegating it to a passing reference. So much of Bonhoeffer’s theology that is discussed today comes from this work, not the least of which is the notion of “cheap grace”. Granted, dissecting this theology is probably a book unto itself, but I expected a bit more given how extensively Bonhoeffer’s other, lesser known works are cited throughout the book. Many people make the mistake of classifying Bonhoeffer’s theology as exclusively Lutheran, and it is in this work that make it clear just how influenced he is by Reformed theology. “Cheap grace” is very much transactional in nature, shifting the theological focus materially from the Lutheran “solas” back to oneself. It is a significant point that warrants further exploration.