The subtitle of this book is: "A Literary History of the Muslim Holy Land." As F. E. Peters explains, Saudi Arabia does not permit archaeological research in Mecca, especially Western research, so the interested scholar must rely entirely on written records.
He starts during what Muslims call the jahiliyya, the Age of Ignorance before the Prophet brought God's words to the people of Mecca. He explains the unique social, political and religious character of Mecca (even before Muhammad, a sacred site of pilgrimage). He describes how the Quraysh came to power, and how the Prophet's message transformed a small, tribal community into the center of a sophisticated continent-spanning culture in less than a century.
Despite the limitation to literary sources, Peters has crafted an absorbing account of Mecca's long, long history, right up until 1926, when Ibn Sa'ud was proclaimed king of the Hijaz.
A must-read for the dedicated student of Islamic history.