The 1970s were a particularly agitated time in the history of social, political and cultural mobilizations in Acadia. The struggles of the various movements and associations that formed the ideological melting pot of Acadian neo-nationalism are manifestations of these turbulent times. Scholarly research, more focused on the study of cultural and linguistic debates, has so far failed to examine an important element that was central to the mobilizations of the period – the history of left-wing and far-left socio-economic movements. This book examines the sociological history of Marxism-Leninism in Acadia, from its origins to its dwindling demise, carefully contextualizing and explaining its transformations, conflicting ideals, actions and reach, thus demonstrating the diversity of ideologies characteristic of the Acadian movements of the period.