While I have a deep love of history, I have a special interest in World War II. That is perhaps understandable given that my father served in the Pacific during the entire course of the war along with his two brothers and my mother’s four brothers. Unfortunately, surveys increasingly show that knowledge of the war is fading, including knowledge of the Holocaust. A survey by Pew Research found that fewer than half of Americans (45%) know that approximately 6 million Jews were killed in the Holocaust. What’s more, a disturbingly large number of young Americans don't even know the basic, yet horrific, details of the Holocaust. Fewer than half of young Americans can name a single concentration camp, even Auschwitz. Even more disturbing, 11 percent of young Americans believe Jews caused the Holocaust.
Author Jeremy Dronfeld is a novelist, biographer, historian, and ghostwriter. In his book The Stone Crusher: Fight for Survival in Auschwitz, Dronfeld provides a carefully researched, deeply moving account of the Kleinmanns, a Jewish Viennese family hit hard by the Holocaust. While most of the book provides an account of the experiences of Gustav Kleinmann, an upholsterer, and his son Fritz, aged 16, Dronfeld also combines the stories of Gustav's wife, Tini, their eldest daughter Edith, teenage daughter Herta, and young son Kurt. In 1938, German troops marched into Austria to annex the nation for the Third Reich. Before they can find a way out of Vienna, Gustav and Fritz were arrested by the SS in 1939 and sent to Buchenwald in Germany, where a new concentration camp was being built. Most of the book is an account of their incredible story of survival over a six-year period in a series of concentration camps— Buchenwald, then Auschwitz, Mauthausen, and Bergen-Belsen. Meanwhile, in Vienna, Tini fought to save her children, sending her eldest daughter Edith to England to work as a maid and sending youngest son Kurt to America with the help of a Jewish children's aid organization in New York. Unable to get her teenage daughter Herta out of Vienna, Tini and Herta were arrested by the Nazis in 1942 and sent to a death camp near Minsk. The two women were never seen again. Meanwhile, Gustav and Fritz were able to survive the awful harshness of the concentration camps because they possessed manual skills that the Nazis required in building the camps. Gustav was an upholsterer, and Fritz learned to lay bricks. But it was the bond between father and son that would ultimately keep them both alive. When the older Gustav was transferred to Auschwitz, Fritz insisted on going with him, even though he knew it probably meant certain death. His friends tried to dissuade him from going.
"If you want to keep living, you have to forget your father.”
Dronfeld provides the reader with a riveting and tense story of a father-son bond in a narrative that reads like a novel. The book is ultimately satisfying in ways that many traditional histories are not. In a day when surveys are showing many Americans know little about the Holocaust, this book will serve to educate many about Nazi brutality; more importantly, it will highlight the devotion of a father and son that is heartwarming.