For those of you who don't know who Carolyn Cassady is, she was married to Neal Cassady, also known as 'Dean Moriarty', the protagonist of Kerouac's classic On the Road.
This year is the Kerouac centennial (he was born in 1922) and so before reading On the Road again, for the third time, I thought I would get Carolyn's assessment of the two men she sometimes calls 'my two husbands' (Neal and Jack) before charging into the rapids of Kerouac's magnum opus.
Well, this book lacks the frenetic excitement and exuberance of Kerouac's masterpiece, but it makes up for it in scrupulous detail and accuracy. In short, On the Road gives you the romantic side of Cassady (and a rather fictional portrayal of Jack by himself) whereas in this book he is exposed to us, all bare bones and all. How much of this book is true / accurate? Well, we have to take her Carolyn at her word - that is to say, that her memory of these events and these conversations are accurate. If you want to have a better idea of who Cassady, Kerouac and Ginsberg were, I recommend checking out Kerouac's On the Road, the great book on LuAnne Henderson called One & Only (edited by Gerry Nicosia and Anne-Marie Santos, LuAnne's daughter), and this great but comprehensive memoir, Off the Road (in addition to reading the large number of biographies that exist on all of them). You will get a much better picture of what kinds of people they were.
Reading about Cassady and Kerouac for so long, admiring one for a while, then being turned off by other behaviors, and then beginning to like them again, I realized what my problem was: I was compartmentalizing human beings into a 'good' or 'bad' bucket category. Life, and human beings, are never that simple. They are neither, or another way to say it is, they are indeed both!
I idolized Kerouac for many years, for several reasons: 1) he worked extremely hard at and was devoted to his art, i.e. writing; 2) he tried not to deliberately hurt anyone, including animals (unfortunately he ended up hurting some people badly, although unintentionally, such as his own daughter Jan Kerouac whom he never even acknowledged as being his actual daughter); 3) he never gave up on just being himself, never trying to be someone else for the world or society; 4) his mystical writings, especially on Buddhism, indicate a brilliant probing mind trying to find out some of the answers to the big questions in life. However, when I read several biographies on him, and realized all of his problems - his alcoholism, the cowardly way he abandoned his 2nd wife and daughter Jan, his self-destructive nastiness at others during his drunken binges, and finally some of his ugly, redneck political views (probably Memere's influence partly) which he espoused in his grouchy final years (the 1960s), I was shocked by this other side of Kerouac which I really did not like at all. LuAnne Henderson talks about it at one point in One & Only too, after meeting Jack for the first time in many years and noticing the change.
The same applies with Cassady. His womanizing was relentless and reckless as his way of conning people including friends was too. In this sense, he truly did seem to harbor some psychopathic tendencies. He was also a car thief, and in his youth, a brilliant one, at that. On the other hand, I realized largely through reading this book, by his wife Carolyn, that he did indeed have many redeeming qualities too (some of which Kerouac lacked): 1) he could also be extremely kind and compassionate towards others (something he shared with Kerouac); 2) he was always committed to improving his mind and his position in life (this he had to work harder at than Kerouac because he grew up on Skid Row in the streets of Denver); 3) he always tried to be a good provider for his family and WAS up until his unfortunate arrest in the late 1950s; 4) he inspired others and when he was not conning other people, he was constantly giving himself to others; 5) he was a very good father to his children when he was around (the incredibly positive way that ALL of his children remember him and talk fondly of him speaks testimonies...) and so on.
All of this to say that, Kerouac and Cassady were just like all of us in one major way: they were human. Not everyone is equally good or equally bad; most of us are somewhere in between and they are no exception.
This great book takes us through many of the ups and downs of the Cassady family: the early years when Neal was travelling around with Jack and LuAnne (as recounted famously in On the Road), the numerous marriages, divorces and annulments and trips to Mexico, the times Kerouac came and stayed with them, first in San Francisco (this is when Carolyn and Jack became lovers for a brief time) and then later in San Jose. This book also takes you through the difficult years, when Carolyn was trying to keep an eye on Neal, figure out where he was, what he was doing, but more importantly and understandably she was more focused on where the next meal was coming from .... for the family. When you have an exciting, brilliant but mostly irresponsible husband, then most of the burden of keeping the family together falls on the wife's shoulders, automatically. Somehow, she managed to keep them together for as long as possible. After Neal's arrest and eventual release from prison, she decides to divorce him (after coming home to discover that Neal and some others have trashed their house while she was away).
She thinks that by freeing him of all family ties and responsibilities, he can now go ahead and live out his life, as Neal Cassady, as Dean Moriarty, as Sir Speed Limit. But, ultimately, it was family that he wanted and it was through his family that he was mostly deeply connected and rooted. Once that tie had been broken, then destruction was the obvious fate awaiting him at the end of the street.
The last 40-50 pages were hard to read; the story becomes so sad. The drugs, by this stage, have taken their toll. It's not all the marijuana he smoked that did the damage I believe; it's everything else he took, which was mostly amphetamines and LSD. In his final days, he seemed so confused, hallucinating part of the time, and his death by the tracks near San Miguel de Allende, not only seems like a perfect 'romantic' end to a beat hero, but more importantly and some what chillingly as the Cassadys relate on the final page, it came as a great relief to them all. It was time for his 'release.'
Neal Cassady was no saint. He brought much joy into the lives of some, but was also known to betray or con others. Ultimately though, he was a man who lived life to the full, something which Kerouac himself both admired and regretted not doing himself. Kerouac once wrote about how he wrote about his own life and other people's lives in great detail like Proust and Balzac before him, whereas Neal was busy just living it. This was the main message I came away with by the end; it is great to read books, it is great to have dreams and build on them, it is great to have a successful career..... BUT, don't forget that life is secretly passing you by, as you do it. Cassady knew that one day he was going to die, perhaps he knew he wouldn't have a long life, but he managed to try and live every day like it might be his last and it is that spirit which Kerouac captured beautifully in his stunning experiments with spontaneous prose, and which Carolyn fondly remembers and celebrates in this gem of a book, Off the Road.