In Search of Equality in Conversation Between Men and Women
Talking is assumed to be the important and positive act, while listening is the subject of almost no studies at all. Clearly, male silence (or silence from a member of any dominant group) is not necessarily the same as listening. It might mean a rejection of the speaker, a refusal to become vulnerable through self-revelation, or a decision that this conversation is not worthwhile. Often rejection of the way a woman speaks is a way of blaming or dismissing her without dealing with the content of what she is saying. Men would support us, women are told, if only we learned how to ask in the right way. It’s a subtle and effective way of not only blaming the victim, but making the victim blame herself.
Many assertiveness courses teach women how to play the existing game, not how to change the rules. What women need to be taught is how losing self-consciousness and fear allows us to focus on the content of what we are saying instead of on ourselves.
There has not been one study which provides evidence that women talk more than men, and there have been numerous studies which indicate that men talk more than women. At a London workshop on sexism and education, for instance, the five men present talked more than their thirty-two female colleagues combined. In addition to a generally greater volume of talk, however, men interrupt women more often than vice versa. This is true both in groups and in couples. Male interruptions of women bring less social punishment than female interruptions of men. Men also interrupt women more often than women interrupt each other.
The uncomfortable truth seems to be that the amount of talk by women has been measured less against the amount of men’s talk than against the expectation of female silence.