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Published March 1, 2020

The primary Laws of Tucker:Simple, yes? We know so much more about them now than then, and still know little.
• More can be achieved in this world with kindness than with brutality.
• Don’t try to out-muscle them because you’ll lose. Out- think them instead. Offer them a better deal.
• Be fair because elephants understand fair.
• Maintaining control is an exercise in intellect.
• Abuse is the lazy man’s solution to a problem.
Elephants possess a refined sense of humor. They love to play and tease not only among themselves, but also with their keepers. Some were particularly adept at stealing tools from a distracted handler in order to initiate a game of keep-away. But even something as seemingly innocuous as a trunk swat could have real challenge behind it, considering the trunk of an adult elephant can weigh as much as 300 pounds.
Elephant milk appears thin, but it contains more sugar and less water and butterfat than the milk of a dairy cow. In fact, milk from dairy cows should never be used as a substitute for orphaned elephant calves because they’re unable to metabolize the high butterfat content. The dairy milk congeals in the calf ’s stomach as a pasty, semi-solid mass, and the calf literally starves to death while being fed. Formulas now exist to help keep orphaned elephant calves alive until they can begin to feed fully like an adult.I did not know that about cow's milk and elephants.
In the early 1980s, a group of teen- age male African elephants, survivors of a herd culling (killing) at Kruger National Park in South Africa, were relocated to Pilanesberg National Park, more than five hours away. In 1993, rangers at Pilanesberg discovered several of the park’s rhinos mutilated and killed. The rangers subsequently learned that without the presence of older, more experienced bulls to influence and teach them, the young male elephants — who were suffering the effects of PTSD brought on by the cull a decade earlier in which they witnessed their families being killed — were on rampage. These elephants entered full musth ten years earlier than normal, and also simultaneously, something never before documented. When adult males were eventually introduced to the area, the teenagers flocked to them and the killings stopped. This illustrates an important role older bulls play in elephant society beyond the breeding imperative: younger bulls need them as role models.
In 2012, poachers armed with grenades and AK-47s slaughtered more than three hundred elephants in a single day at Bouba Ndjida National Park in Cameroon.Someone even stole a tusk from an elephant that had died in the zoo! Roger and his team had the unpleasant but necessary task of dismembering the remains for easier disposal. Roger had set the tusks aside for the museum and someone with a key had taken one.
Two elephant sanctuaries exist in the United States: one in Tennessee, the other in California. Both are privately owned and not open to the public. The elephants are segregated by sex if bulls and cows are present, and no breeding is allowed. According to Todd Montgomery, volunteer and outreach manager at The Elephant Sanctuary in Tennessee, their facility “does not support the breeding of elephants in captivity as there is no indication that these captive-born elephants will ever be part of a viable wild population.While not of the same goal to return elephants to the wild, the Endangered Ark Foundation in Oklahoma provides a home to rescued Asian elephants.
In the late 60s, Pet and three other elephants had been involved in a study to determine visual acuity, dexterity, and intelligence. The test consisted of a slide projector and a custom-built box with a screen on either side of which was a large white button. The elephant was supposed to push the right-hand button when shown a white slide, and the left-hand button when shown a barred slide. The images were disclosed at random, with no discernible pattern the elephant might memorize. For each correct response, a sugar cube was delivered down a tube. Once twenty correct responses had been recorded, the trial ended for the day. Although some of the elephants struggled at first to master the test, all eventually succeeded.
The researchers returned in 1986 to test the elephants again and see if they remembered the study. Three of them scored twenty correct responses almost immediately, but Pet labored. She'd get twelve right and miss one, then she'd get fourteen right and make an error, never quite reaching the desired goal. The scientists looked on, one callously remarking that Pet was really stupid compared to the other elephants.
Standing nearby, Haight [another keeper] took issue with the comment and suggested the researcher look at it from the elephant’s perspective. Pet had clearly figured out that twenty correct answers brought an end to the sugar cubes. Playing the game her way, she scored far more treats than her supposedly smarter class- mates. The scientist realized he'd been superbly played and Pet received an extra sugar cube for being so smart.
dialed Schmidt's home number. "You know that placenta you were so sure about?" he roared when the receiver lifted at the other end. "Well, it's got a trunk and two eyes and if you move your goddamn ass you might even find her alive when you get here!"Sadly, the calf died two hours later.
Oh, the arrogance of the “educated” - in this case, the vet - can be a challenge for the practical. A necroscopy revealed brain damage and a collapsed lung due to protracted labor. Schmidt's unwillingness to consider the possibility of twins was a tragic error on his part and one that Roger never forgave.Ms. Crandall does say that little probably could have been done, as C-sections on elephants are fatal. Sad, but the surviving twin, Rose-Tu, was full of spirit and humor.
A favorite joke among the keepers was this: What’s the difference between a cheap tavern and an elephant fart? One is a bar room and the other is a ba-ROOM!