Summary
The book begins with information about how the brain works and learns under different learning environments. This nicely complements learning and coursework in my master’s program. According to Merrill and Merrill (2020), "Educators need to take this information about how the brain responds and use it to create low-stress and high-interest learning environments, lessons, and overall experiences for students" (p. 10). Teachers must be up-to-date on the latest brain research and technologies.
Part One of the book focuses on defining “interACTIVE” within several different contexts. Interactive learning focuses on knowing how the brain receives and processes information. Learners can be responsive or reactive, depending on the learning environment. The reflective brain, located in the front of the brain, reflects on new information, controls what information the brain stores and can regulate input. The learner is relaxed, happy, feels safe, and, most importantly, can retain information. Alternatively, a high-stress environment can cause the reactive brain to take over. The reactive brain ignores, fights, or avoids sensory input. The brain then shuts down, preventing students from learning and leading to negative experiences and problematic behavior (Merrill & Merrill, 2020). “Adding interactive elements to a lesson not only keeps students’ brains functioning in a responsive way, but it allows students to learn in a stress-free environment, giving their brains time to process the sensory information in a way that will lead to better overall retention” (Merrill & Merrill, 2020, p. 11).
Merrill and Merrill suggest several interactive elements teachers can bring into their classroom to create an interACTIVE learning environment, including: music, movement, games, humor, and novelty. They have developed the Interactive Method and detail the process in the following five parts: Prepare, Innovate, Visualize, Observe, and Troubleshoot. Other chapters describe the characteristics of an interactive class (flexible, authentic, colorful, and engaging). Additionally, empowering students, personalizing learning, being positive, communicating with parents, and meeting students' social-emotional needs are all emphasized as essential features. To become interactive educators, teachers are encouraged to establish their personal learning network (PLN) and develop professionally by joining Twitter, blogging, or creating podcasts.
Critique
Part 1 nicely summarizes best practices for teaching in the 21st century. Creating a trusting and nurturing environment where students feel safe and happy is the first step in creating a thriving learning community. Social-emotional learning is a high priority in education today, especially under the circumstances of a worldwide pandemic. And, for several years now, there has been a movement away from teacher-led direct instruction to student-centered, project-based learning. Research has shown that giving students choice and providing authentic learning experiences leads to more successful learning. Merrill and Merrill (2020) also give teachers a plan for modifying traditional classrooms into more engaging and “interACTIVE” classrooms through their Interactive Method. There plan clearly show teachers how to prepare classrooms for collaboration and cooperative work, build interactive experiences for students, visualize their lesson plans, observe and reflect on the learning process, and troubleshoot through the struggles of embarking on more interactive and student-centered lessons.
Part 1 of The Interactive Class nicely summarizes what excellent teaching should be in the 21st century. Education needs to respond to the findings in the latest research, especially brain research. The authors wisely acknowledge how we now know so much more about how the brain works. Teaching frameworks, pedagogies, and curricula need to adapt and change. Merrill and Merrill (2020) emphasize the importance of giving students choice, integrating the arts and movement, using humor, facilitating collaboration, creating a nurturing environment, and personal reflection to meet the “ultimate goal,” which is “growth in regard to both student learning and teacher mindset” (Merrill & Merrill 2020, p. 27).
In Part 2, the authors strategically select ten technology tools and share several creative implementations for each one. The apps include Flipgrid, Do Ink Green Screen, Buncee, Seesaw, Texting Story, Chatterpix Kids, Onenote, Thinklink, Apple Clips, Book Creator, and Piccollage Edu. Each section tells what the app is, what platforms it works on, how it can be used in the classroom. Several lesson examples are provided. The book itself is interactive, containing QR Codes throughout that take the reader to more examples and resources.
Before reading The Interactive Class, I was only familiar with three of the apps in the book. This is notable because, since distance learning began in March 2020, I have immersed myself in education technology. Here are three examples of how technology can engage and positively impact student learning:
• Flipgrid: Flipgrid is a video discussion platform. Teachers create topics, and students respond by recording short videos (Merrill & Merrill, 2020, p. 72). In the lesson Guess the Genre, students illustrate and post a fake book cover. Classmates view the posts and reply with their guesses.
• Buncee: Buncee allows students and teachers to create and share visual presentations. In the All About Me lesson (Merrill & Merrill, 2020, p. 106), students edit slides with video, pictures, and animations. Slides can be shared individually or using the "clip and stitch" feature, can be clipped together to make a class Buncee.
• Seesaw: Seesaw is a digital portfolio where students can show their understanding of a lesson and their growth throughout the year. In the In or Out? lesson (Merrill & Merrill, 2020, p. 120), teachers display four images in a Google or PowerPoint slide. Students look at the four images and decide which image doesn’t belong. Then, using the microphone tool, students record their thinking.
Author’s Qualifications
Kristin Merrill comes from a family of educators. Her grandmother, mother, and two sisters are all teachers. She knew from a young age that teaching was her calling. In high school, she was already taking college courses and was soon accepted into one of the best education programs. She worked hard as an intern and mentor, gaining experience before getting her master’s degree. She spent months teaching in very different types of schools and has a wide variety of expertise but finally landed a fourth-grade position where she has stayed.
Her husband, Joe Merrill, took an entirely opposite path to teaching. He was getting his degree in computer information systems and graphic design. With only two credits to go, he changed his mind. While in school, he was working at an after-school program. He had always loved working with kids and decided to pursue a teaching credential. He began his teaching career in a first-grade classroom, his dream come true. He has a background as a musician, being a grocery clerk, and a graphic designer. He believes the skills learned from those experiences, “being organized, strategic, collaborative, and consistent to be successful,” transfer into teaching (Merrill & Merrill, 2020, p. 6).
Both Kristin and Joe suggest that educators adjust their teaching pedagogies and shift their thinking to meet the needs of this next generation of students because they learn differently. They have short attention spans, communicate in small chunks, and deal with external factors and technology shaping their intelligence (Merrill & Merrill, 2020, p. 7). The authors show a lot of passion, innovation, and technical expertise. Every teacher should read this book and learn how to prepare his or her students for the 21st century.
References
Merrill, J., Merrill, K., & Miller, C. (2020). The interactive class: using technology to make learning more relevant and engaging in the elementary classroom. Elevatebooksedu.