Aditya Narayan Dhairyasgeel Haksar, a renowned translator of Sanskrit classics, fondly calls this volume 'a labor of love' of him. My regards to him for letting us, the modern reader, catch a glimpse of the wisdom of Chanakya.
While the Vedas and Upanishads propound the philosophy of spiritual pursuit, Chanakya's voice steered to the worldly affairs. It was a refreshing diversion from the largely inaccessible school of thought among the common man. Instead of higher questions about life, birth, and existence, Chanakya pointed his arrow at the circle of the domestic life and hit it where the common man would relate, realise, and eventually follow.
This volume compiles some of his guidelines for the householders - the participants of everyday life. They deal with family, friends, enemies, wealth, merits of gaining knowledge, and the like. With a simple hand that integrated deep meaning, Chanakya breathes fire of truth into these straightforward lines.
"As gold is tested in four ways -
by friction, scratches, heat, and sound - so men too need to be examined:
for their merit and character,
for work and for renunciation"
"There are two fruits like nectar
on this worldly poison tree,
they are: pleasure in poetry,
and good people's company."
The teachings stood the test of time. Its relevance is strong, even after 2000 years. At one point, Haksar writes,
"It was a patriarchal society that recognized caste but did not always link it to occupation. It respected women and also their traditional roles. It also took note of different kinds of people's contacts with each other, their interactions with the government, whether helpful or troublesome, as well as the presence of foreigners. "
The man who trained Chandragupta Maurya, the founding mind of the great Mauryan Empire in India in the 4th Century BC, was Chanakya. The man whose verse aphorisms traveled to the literature of Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Indonesia was Chanakya. Transcending the limits of time and terrain, the man whose voice still resounds across the cultural landscape of the country is Chanakya. This is a gift to today's reader by a wisdom that's as alive as is ancient.