Surendranath Dasgupta, Ph.D. (Contemporary European Philosophy, Cambridge University, 1922; Ph.D., Indian philosophy, University of Calcutta, 1920; M.A., Western philosophy, U. Calcutta, 1910; M.A., Sanskrit College, 1908), was King George V Chair of Mental and Moral Science at the University of Calcutta, 1942–1945. Previously he served as principal of Sanskrit College, Calcutta, from 1931, after a time as professor of philosophy at Presidency University, Kolkata. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature (FRSL) in 1939.
His daughter Maitreyi Devi became a well-known novelist and poet, and another daughter Chitrita Devi also became a novelist.