The goal of this book is noble, but like a beautiful house built on fractured foundations the result is jumbled.
In the wake of several church abuse scandals many are recommending this book as the necessary wake-up call for christians to understand abuse and power correctly, to repent of wrong and evil attitudes and follow Christ for real.
The evils this book is responding to are truly horrid. AND it makes many excellent challenging points, Diane Langberg correctly highlights how much of what she calls "christendom" is far removed from what Christ taught, many western churches and para-churches are focussed on visible results and building their status rather than promoting godliness and serving others.
Men & Women have been bullied and abused by supposed christian leaders and it has been hushed up to protect institutions that shouldn't have been protected because priorities have been totally wrong.
There are some pages of this book that are absolute gold, both in the criticisms made and in positive alternatives presented, but it also has significant flaws running through it that show up on almost every other page:
- a distorted doctrine of God (including no consideration of the sovereignty of God)
- a confused/unclear doctrine of the visible church
- minimal discussion of forgiveness
- an opposition to complimentarianism
- denigration of doctrine (Jesus vs Theology)
I'm going to look at themes addressed in the book under 3 headings:
A. The Excellent - Biblical truths taught in this book that we could all benefit from grasping
B. The Flawed - strange/bad ideas presented in the book
C. The Absent - points either barely mentioned or completely omitted that seemed conspicuous in their absence
A. The Excellent
A-1. Explaining power and influence
The book brilliantly explains how we all have some measure of power over others: if you are sober and meet an unconscious drunk you can help them recover OR you can abuse them, they're in your power. If you're a parent you can feed and nourish your children OR you can neglect and exploit them. If you're a preacher your congregants are highly likely to do things you suggest - this can be used for good or ill.
Further a system (such as a church, a school or a nation) has power; the actions of the people within it produce effects that impact other people (for good or ill) there's also a certain inertia, having acted in a certain way for some time it will continue to do so, it takes significant effort to go against the system.
A-2. Understanding abuse and Trauma
Diane Langberg is obviously an expert on this and her explanation of the lasting damage of abuse is very helpful. The book also teaches clearly about the necessity of listening to the abused and not trying to rush solutions as well as avoiding further harm by immediately doubting what they're saying etc.
A-3. Highlighting the idolatry of big ministries
Many big ministries sadly functionally exist more for their prestige and wealth than the name of Christ, the book argues that we must repent of supporting such ministries - if a ministry does not reflect Christ it should shut down. Some of what Diane Langberg says about big ministries with completely wrong priorities echoes the critiques that many in the reformed world have made of big mainstream evangelical churches for years - a focus on results, brand, marketing etc. and a neglect for God, prayer, people and truth.
Some of this is very reminiscent of Paul Washer's "10 Indictments against the modern church" - though it doesn't match up completely and the focus is a little different. I was also reminded me strongly of Martin Luther's Theology of Glory vs the Theology of the Cross - this book does not mention Luther BUT I think it would be highly profitable for someone to apply that theme from Luther to the modern church.
A-4. Reviewing the danger and ease of deception
It's far too easy to avoid rocking the boat, it's far too easy to avoid the hard questions that may result in answers we don't want to hear. Similarly if someone comes to you with a horrifying accusation you may have a vested interest in saying/doing nothing BUT if we're following Christ we must be willing to act against our interests. Evil must be brought into the light wherever it is found even if that will be personally costly OR cause large ministries to shrink or close.
Again in this theme one could compare with Luther, what matters? The outwards appearance of the church OR the truth of what it's saying?
A-5. The error of prioritising gifts over godliness
Often gospel ministers are recruited based primarily on outwards gifts. This is unbiblical and wrong. Ministers must first of all be godly men of character (1 Timothy 3 is not referenced but the points made could be brought from there), they must be men of prayer, their ability to teach is irrelevant or even actively harmful if not grounded in a sincere genuine relationship with God.
Some of this material (particularly around page 151) echos Chapter 3 of Charles Spurgeon's "Lectures to my students"
B. The Flawed
B-1. "We" need to repent
Repeatedly throughout the book there are calls for "we"/"us" to repent, to repent of idolising ungodly ministries, to repent of covering up sexual abuse, to repent of racism, to repent of condoning slavery, to repent of greed, to repent of lies and deception etc.
The "we" generally appears to be American christians as a whole, but is this right? Biblically repentance normally involves an individual turning from sin, in some cases when there is a widespread sin a nation must follow a leader in repentance (looking to ancient Israel). I think I would be hard pressed to find many modern western christians who condone slavery.
The call for repentance and the charge of guilt on some of these points is too broad. And no end point is offered - some of this language reads like a call for perpetual condemnation. Repentance involves, a change of direction it's very unclear what change of direction is being called for on some of these points.
B-2. Christians obey only Jesus
At the top of page 92 it's stated of Christians that "our obedience is to him (Jesus) alone, not a leader a denomination or a church." This individualistic (obey/be loyal to Jesus only) idea comes up on many occasions throughout the book BUT biblically there are many other lines of obedience and hierarchy christians are meant to observer - "children obey your parents" (Ephesians 6:1), "Wives submit to your own husbands" (Ephesians 5:22), "Obey your leaders and submit to them" (Hebrews 13:17), "Let every person be subject to the governing authorities" (Romans 13:1).
Yes parts of the Bible make it clear that when God says one thing and a lower authority says another we should side with God and disobey the lower authority BUT normally we are meant to obey these lower authorities.
The book is inconsistent on this point as it does talk about the characteristics of a Godly leader on pages 149-152, if you obey no one but Jesus then having leaders would be irrelevant.
B-3. Condemnation of Complementarians
This is asserted as early as page 5 and picked up a few times. On page 100 speaking of egalitarian and complementarian views Diane Langberg states "I will not settle the debate here". However she then asserts on page 103 that the idea of male rulership is based on incorrect application of Genesis 3:16 she goes on to speak of "headship" modelled on Christ as serving not ruling. But this is a false dichotomy.
Strangely - and falsely - she asserts that Jesus did not rule or demand at the top of page 104; contra what she says, he is the king of kings and Lord of Lords he absolutely rules and he demands many things. Yes he also came to serve, to seek and to save - it's both and (ruling and serving) not one or the other.
She then (still on page 104) goes on a anti-complimentarian rant for half a page, saying that those who emphasise male-headship provide cover for sending abused women back to their abusers to be abused again AND deprive the church of potentially great female prophets, before citing Galatians 3:16 and calling us to repent.
B-4. Confused doctrine of the church
Whilst many of the critiques of the business of modern day christianity are spot on, almost nothing is said positively of what a church should be in fact it's stated that Jesus' kingdom is not of this world and so we shouldn't look for a visible kingdom, the book goes on to speak of what a good church leader should look like; hence clearly believing that there should be some kind of visible church with godly servant leaders BUT having denigrated all authority and denied that Jesus intended to set up any institutions this comes over as confused.
There is a section towards the end pages 181-186 that tries to say something positive about what the church should be, talking of people who reflect the image of Christ and do good to others but it doesn't define it clearly or counteract the earlier errors.
Additionally one of the weaknesses highlighted in failed ministries is pastors who have no equals, no one they can lean on/share their woes with etc. An obvious solution to this is the biblical model of a plurality of elders but this isn't mentioned.
B-5. God weeps/suffers/fails with us
"The capacity to love makes everyone vulnerable...even God. By creating us in such a fashion, he opened himself up to failure and injury. And injured he has been!" - page 26
No, God never fails his plans are perfect and he always bring them to pass.
"The book of Hosea is a picture of the heartbreak of God. The sins of God's people had wounded his heart." - page 187
What does this mean? Does sin wound God in himself? This isn't speaking of the cross - this seems to be saying that active harm can be done to God through sin, this is not in keeping with the classical (Biblical) christian understanding of God.
This isn't a book on the doctrine of God BUT points like this come up several times - it's not entirely clear but I think Diane Langberg holds to some sort of process theology.
C. The Absent
C-1 The gospel
This is not a book on understanding the gospel, nonetheless in reading a christian author dealing with sin whether it's the sin of prayerless-ness (page 151) or sexual abuse (page 70) I expect a christian author at some point to go to the gospel.
To talk about how sin permeates us all but there is forgiveness because Jesus has paid the penalty, but that never happens.
In fact the only time I saw "forgive" mentioned was in a quote of Daniel 9:3-19 at the end of the book. I could have missed another reference but the whole theme of forgiveness seemed strikingly absent for a book dealing so much with sin.
On pages 188-191 (end of the last main chapter) there is a call to repent (of complicity in abuse) and listen to those who have suffered followed by a promise of heaven BUT whilst Jesus is mentioned the reader is left to hopefully assume that it's talking about him having taken the penalty for any such complicity because it's not stated; and you could as easily infer that the act of following Jesus' example in listening to the suffering is the thing that saves us. Do these people who've suffered need saving (from sin and judgement) too? It's unclear.
On page 197 (in the postlude) it says that those who follow Jesus will stand before God "ungiven" (i.e. not given away to destruction) because "Jesus said to his enemy, 'You can take them, but you'll have to kill me first'", this followed by a call to follow his example and suffer for others - a noble instruction. But what on earth is it teaching about the cross? Who was this enemy that Jesus was at odds with? Is this Christ vs the Devil? it's unclear but it's certainly not a presentation of the biblical gospel.
C-2 The sovereignty of God
Nowhere in the book do I recall a mention of the sovereignty of God; when my faith nearly collapsed a year ago part of the reason for that was asking the question "why has God allowed several Christian leaders I looked up to, to fail dramatically?" in a book addressing abuse in the church that is a question I would expect many readers to have, but it's not addressed (or I missed it somehow).
I was helped in my doubt by reading books that discussed the sovereignty of God and the problem of evil, I wouldn't expect this book to be able to address that fully BUT it should have discussed it/mentioned it, it should also have examined a passage like 1 Timothy 5:19-24 that discusses handling serious sin by church leaders (hence predicting that such will happen).
As some parts in the book seem to point towards Process Theology (see B-5 above) it could be that the author is an Open Theist, I don't know this though so don't wish to assert it.
Conclusion
Abuse in the church is horrendous.
Much of modern western christianity is a business rather than a church caring about profit instead of God and people, it should be torn down.
BUT we need to look to the gospel for answers and rest in the sovereignty of God, this book doesn't do that.
It highlights the problems brilliantly and it rightly calls us to imitate Christ in character, to seek God first and follow him in caring for others - this is right and good. BUT when it comes to a doctrine of church and where to find our ultimate answers (God and his gospel) this books is a mess.