In 1989 Audrey Hepburn, in her last movie, played an angel in Steven Spielberg's, "Always." At the time I thought what a perfect piece of casting. In my mind, I always felt that of all the Hollywood starlets she was the one who looked like a divine, angelic, being.
In 1993, at the age of 63, Ms. Hepburn passed away. For the previous 5 years I was following her new career as a UNICEF ambassador visiting war torn countries where children were starving, such as Ethiopia, El Salvador, the Sudan, Somalia, etc. She had not only played an angel but was a living, breathing angel.
Mr. Matzen's biography, "Dutch Girl: Audrey Hepburn and World War II,"is a meticulously researched book about a young Audrey Hepburn, ten to fifteen years old, her family, friends, and all the people of the Netherlands living under Nazi occupation between the years of 1940-1945. It was never easy during any part of the occupation, but it was especially brutal during the last year.
After the Normandy invasion in June of 1944, many people came to believe that the war was just about over. The Allies had finally landed in Europe and even though the fighting to retake Paris and France had been fierce there was even greater optimism that the war would end soon, especially in the Netherlands and Belgium. While the French celebrated their liberation, after previously forming the Vichy government in collaboration with the Nazis the war intensified as the Nazis tightened their hold on the Netherlands. (The French believed why fight while others will do the fighting for you. When asked about the sudden disappearance of all their Jewish neighbors, they simply replied, "Well no one told them to be Jewish.." Of course, I am only half joking. The French Resistance was very instrumental to relaying important information to the allies and without their help the bloody invasion of Normandy would not have happened. Many of the French Resistance groups were lead by courageous women)
The Germans, ever resourceful, developed what they called the V1 and V2 flying bombs (vengeance bombs) that could travel 150 miles and were launched from the coast of the Netherlands and could hit targets as far away as Britain and France. These bombs were brutal weapons and the Nazis were going around telling everyone that the war would soon turn around and be in the Germans favor.
They were right about one thing, they were brutal, but their malfunction rate was exceptionally high, exploding in mid-air and landing on the towns of the Netherlands causing tremendous and deadly damage. Dead civilians were spread out across the towns of Velp and Arnhem where Audrey and her family took to the basement for months. People were starving to death, yet Audrey and other youths like her carried messages from the hospital to individuals that the doctors thought the Germans were hunting down. She helped out at the hospital and took care of dying children and children whose families were wiped out. She continued to walk the streets until the Germans picked her up and threw her in the back of a truck with other young girls. Once the truck started moving she jumped out of the truck and ran back to the basement where they hid a British serviceman from the Nazis.
What Audrey did during the war was exceptional but it was no different than what most children her age and younger did. But what she experienced during the entire war, along with everyone else, would stay with her for the rest of her life. Her older brother Otto, who she was very close to, was taken to a forest and shot with four other men in retaliation for a bombing at the railroad station which they had nothing to do with.
I have had the fortune, sadly, to know many gentlemen who fought in World War II, survived Nazi concentration camps, fought in Korea, and Vietnam. Except for one, I had known them all for a long time before they ever told me about their experiences. I imagine their confidence in me came from our many talks about current events and my knowledge of history. When they finally did confide in me it was like they were transformed back to that time. Unless one has been in combat one has no idea what it is like. I don't care how many books you read, or monuments and historical sites you might have visited, you will never know what it is all about unless you have lived it.
Ms. Hepburn never gave many interviews and she was quite adept at dodging any questions about the five years she spent under Nazi occupation. If forced to answer about her experiences, she would say that "What I experienced so did many, many others."