Living in Silicon Valley, I have never been a great fan of any of Microsoft’s successful products like Office, Internet Explorer, Outlook or Windows. For personal computing, I moved to using Ubuntu for an Operating system and then moved on to the Chrome OS four years ago. Till a few years ago, even Wall Street probably looked at Microsoft as a dying corporation. Not anymore. It is no longer the evil empire. Its recent products like the Surface Pro would even win approval from design giants like Apple. It is even cool to like Microsoft these days, not least because it is bringing a lot more dollars into the stock portfolios of engineers in Silicon Valley! Microsoft has embraced Linux, made up with Google and even Apple, built partnerships with Adobe and become a significant player on the Cloud infrastructure and Artificial Intelligence - all in a matter of just four years. These are certainly path-breaking transformations for the company. How did they accomplish all this? Is it something abstract like rediscovering the company’s soul as the title of this book claims? Or is it something more mundane? I thought that this book may provide some insights into how it happened. It turns out that it is due to both the abstract and the concrete, as per Nadella’s narrative.
At the end of Steve Ballmer’s reign, it was no secret that Microsoft was suffering from multiple problems. The staff’s swagger of the 1990s was gone and morale was heading south. It was widely acknowledged that the tech giant had got bogged down in bureaucracy. Politicking was said to be rife among the management. It was in such a context in 2014 that Satya Nadella took over Microsoft. He acknowledges these problems in the first chapter and believes that innovation is the answer to bureaucracy and teamwork the answer to politicking. The essence of Nadella’s approach to the transformation of Microsoft’s work culture seems to be built around the following tenets: Rediscovery of the company’s soul is to be achieved through harmony in the work environment, empathy towards one another, continuous learning and finally, change at the individual’s level in identifying their passions and linking them with that of Microsoft’s mission.
NadelIa shares his personal story of how his son Zain was left with cerebral palsy after suffering asphyxia in utero. His wife Anu was instrumental in helping him come to terms with this situation. With her help, he realizes that it is not a setback but a chance to grow in life. His focus on empathy is a natural offshoot of this episode in his life. The other thing he writes about is how Microsoft must recapture its lost soul in its revival under his leadership. Soul is an abstract and nebulous entity. But Nadella succeeds in giving it concrete shape by recasting it in terms of Microsoft’s basic mission. I found his formulation of Microsoft’s mission quite innovative and fundamental. It was widely believed in the 1990s that a computer in every desk and in every home is the primary mission statement of Microsoft under Bill Gates. But, Nadella goes deeper behind this statement and investigates the spirit behind this and says that Microsoft’s mission was actually to empower people, to empower every person and every organization to achieve more. Hence, Microsoft’s raison d'etre is to enable and enhance this empowerment. As a result, he evaluates every action that he takes as a leader, as to whether it empowers the capabilities of people or hinders them. His moves in the Azure cloud infrastructure, in Artificial intelligence and in the partnership moves towards Apple, Google, Samsung and other rivals seem to be derived from this empowerment principle.
Nadella’s approach to inspiring his staff under his leadership is also innovative. He has not exhorted them towards making great AI products or making breakthroughs in Quantum Computing. Instead he says that Microsoft’s culture now should be about every employee realizing his/her personal passions using Microsoft as a platform to pursue that passion. In other words, he asks every employee to identify her innermost passions and to connect them in some way to Microsoft’s mission and culture. I think this is quite novel and innovative in inspiring a creative workforce. Effectively, it throws the ball into the employee’s court. It allows everyone to pursue their passion at work. It does not let one to sit around and complain that nothing exciting is going on in the company or his job is boring. On the contrary, it makes everyone ask serious questions about one’s own professional life and mission. It seems to me that if every employee really does what Nadella has asked of him/her, then Microsoft should emerge as a creative and passionate place to work.
The initial chapters of the book are about Nadella’s early days in India, his education in Hyderabad, his mother who was a Sanskrit scholar and his father, a Marxist and an engineer. But it is his focus on the game of cricket which captured my attention. Satya was not a real nerd because he played cricket at a sufficiently capable level in his state. He was a great fan of M.L.Jaisimha, who was the flamboyant captain of the Hyderabad cricket team in those days. Being a lover of cricket and an equally ardent admirer of Jaisimha myself, I can relate to Satya’s lessons from cricket and their relevance to management ! The first lesson is that, just as in cricket, one must have respect for one’s competitor but one shouldn’t be in awe of him. One must always go and compete irrespective of who the opponent is. The second lesson is that one must put the team first, ahead of personal goals and recognition. The third and most important lesson is that a leader must bolster the confidence of the people he is leading and bring out the best in them, just as one does on a cricket field.
Overall, the book is diplomatic in tone, taking care not to ruffle any feathers within Microsoft. It is understandable as Nadella looks up to both Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer. It is unlikely that he would openly critique them even if he has solid cause to do so. Additionally, Satya’s own approach to management is one of co-operation, empathy and partnership rather than confrontation. The downside of this is that the book glosses over how key cultural changes were accomplished in Microsoft under his leadership. After all, the image of Microsoft’s corporate culture under Gates and Ballmer was one of aggressive competition instead of partnership, tough love instead of empathy and conflict rather than cooperation. Such a culture does not morph into its opposite without substantial struggle. But Satya’s narrative has no details of what went on in their conference rooms and how the change was (or is being) accomplished. Certainly, Satya has done a terrific job in turning Microsoft’s fortunes around in four years that he has been the CEO. I would have liked more insights into this change so that we know that this upswing is not ‘magic’ and there are reasons to believe that it will continue irrespective of Satya continuing as CEO.
There are times when one feels that the book is partly a marketing effort for Microsoft. However, overall, I felt that it is an honest and self-effacing effort by Satya and his team. Satya seems to believe that the IT world is big enough for all the IT giants to prosper instead of having to view it as a zero-sum game. This comes through clearly in the chapter ‘Friends or Frenemies?’. If only the superpowers of this world adopt the same approach to the world, there would be a lot less conflicts and wars!