AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION (WITH A GREAT DEAL OF ADDITIONAL COMMENTARY)
Ziggy Marley (the eldest son of Bob Marley) wrote in the Introduction to this 1997 book, “This book is about the mind. It is about black history, my history, my story. But you must see the way words can mislead because this book is not ‘his story,’ but our story… In school, when we were taught of the slave trade, we did not hear of the glory of the kings and the Kebra Nagast. We heard about ‘his story.’ We did not hear of African glory, black my story, the truth as revealed in the Kebra Nagast. We came to realize that even the Bible is just a version of the truth, and all of these versions are a part of the whole, a vision of what happened, is happening, and will happen.
“My father said, ‘It’s the last quarter before the year 2000, and righteousness---the positive way of thinking---must win.’ As I see it, the year 2000 is based on a Roman system of time measurement. The original counting of time, calendar days, months, and years, is not even near 2,000 yet. So the real calendar should have more significance, be rooted in spirituality, rooted in God-belief… What my father said, though, is prophecy. There is no way the negative can ultimately conquer. When the whole battle, the whole war, is won, it will be good things that prosper; goodness must prosper in the end…
“So it’s not just my father that made me what I am---it’s me as well. And people who see me sing cannot see the struggle that is behind the words that I sing. And it’s as I said in the beginning, it is all in the mind, like the calendar of our beginnings. And in these words here, now, Jah said to me, ‘Don’t worry about what you are going to say. Don’t worry, the words will come.’ And like the words of the Kebra Nagast, they come in their own time.” (Pg 7-10)
Editor Gerald Hausman wrote in the Preface, “Solomon’s hubris, his tragic flaw, is the meat and bone of the Ethiopian bible, the Kebra Nagast, which, translated, is ‘the glory of the kings.’ In this work… we see King Solomon struggling with his own mortality… yet his great passion gained him a son whose destiny matches his own. Bayna-Lehkem, or David, as he is called by Solomon (because of the boy’s likeness to his grandfather, King David), is a man of virtue, who will further Solomon’s work and extend his glory to Ethiopia.” (Pg. 11)
He continues, “The Kebra Nagast shows Solomon’s loss, as well as his gain. For it shows how Solomon is disinherited by the Lord when he marries the daughter of the pharaoh and worships his golden insect idols. For this he is punished severely, and we discern, not only in the Kebra Nagast but in the Bible… Solomon’s only joy, at the end of his career as king, according to the Kebra Nagast, is his belief that Bayna-Lehkem, his Ethiopian son, will outshine his own accomplishments and bring greater glory to a new Solomonic line of kings.
“By whom, we may ask, did Solomon acquire a son from the land of Ethiopia? Of course, the answer is the Queen of Sheba. She was, by all reports, a black woman, the Queen of the South… She was named Makeda, Sheba being only the country of her birth… The Kebra Nagast gives us reason to believe that Makeda studied Solomon’s wisdom and integrity as a ruler and brought it to Ethiopia. Then, having borne Solomon a son, she waited until the appropriate time and turned over the affairs of state to him, granting him all of her powers.” (Pg. 11-13)
He continues, “The claim of the Kebra Nagast is that God favored and loved the people of Ethiopia because they did not reject the Son of Man when he walked on earth. They, the text states, beheld and loved their savior. However, the richest claim of all is [about] the Ark of the Covenant, and this is the heart of the Kebra Nagast, and the thing that makes it a document of such inordinate fascination.. Much of the text deals with the removal of the Ark from the Temple by Bayna-Lekhem and its subsequent enshrinement in Ethiopia. According to the myth told here, the Ethiopians were guided by God’s angels, who enabled them to remove the Ark and carry it to Ethiopia. Legend holds that it resides there to this day.” (Pg. 13-14)
He explains in the ‘Editor’s Note,’ “The text of this edition of the Kebra Nagast was selected from a portion of a (1922) book entitled ‘The Queen of Sheba and Her Only Son Menyelek.’ … The translator… Dr. E.A. Wallis Budge… indicates that the earliest form of the text, written in … Ethiopic, appeared around the 6th century CE. The compiler was probably a Coptic priest. Subsequently, the text was translated into Arabic. Then, in the 14th century, the Kebra Nagast was once again translated into Ethiopic… So the Kebra Nagast is a work of centuries-old revisions and translations… There have been no accessible English translations since 1922.” (Pg. 15-16)
He goes on, “My own interest in the Kebra Nagast came about as I heard stories from it when I spoke to Rastafarians, most of whom had not read it, but all of whom knew of it… Dr. Budge states in his preface that the words he chose for the first English edition of the Kebra Nagast were as close to the original text as he could get them. But what was the original text? We have to assume that it was at best an oral history composed over many hundreds of years and recomposed, at will, by anyone so inclined. What is remarkable about the book is that its dissemination has remained… mostly oral.” (Pg. 16-17)
He reports, “Marcus Mosiah Garvey, the Jamaican liberator, created an Ethiopian/African movement, both political and religious, that is with us now… Moreover, it was Marcus Garvey who also quoted Psalem 68:31: ‘Princes shall come out of Egypt; Ethiopia shall soon stretch her hands to Jah.’ … Garvey was making reference to Ras Tafari, Emperor Selassie I, the last of the Solomonic kings to be seated on an Ethiopian throne. In doing so, he released the seed that would grow into a religion…. That religion is, of course, Rastafari. The tenets of Rasta are buried deep in the Old Testament, but they have more in common with the Kebra Nagast than with the King James Bible.
“[T]he entire text of the Kebra Nagast is a paean to the Ethiopian people, the ‘chosen ones,’ the book says… The book’s claim for greatness must be legitimate, for if it were not, the text would not have been suppressed by European and African monarchs alike… Let us hope that we are ready to read it with an unbiased eye, today.” (Pg. 21)
He comments, “One of the primary codes of the traditional Rasta is to keep the locks from comb, scissors, or razor. This stems directly from the old Hebraic laws of nondefilement, as reaffirmed by members of the Ethiopian National Congress: ‘We strongly object to sharp implements used in the desecration of the Figure of Man; e.g., trimming and shaving, tattooing of the skin, and cutting of the flesh.’ The name of Samson is sacred to Rastafarians because he is the legendary locksman whose power ebbed away when he lost his hair.” (Pg. 48-49)
The Kebra Nagast states, “And the people of Ethiopia prospered because of their belief in the Lord; and when the Pearl, the Son of the Lord, was born, He wrought many signs and wonders… And the people of Ethiopia were loved by God because the Savior of the World, His Son, was beloved by them. And in the time when He was reborn to redeem Adam, they believed the signs and wonders that He wrought, though the people of Israel did not believe them. And for this reason God had deeply loved the people of Ethiopia.” (Pg. 148-149)
A major complaint I have about this edition is that it is very difficult to find the actual TEXT of the Kebra Nagast within; although theoretically about 140 pages are supposedly the Kebra Nagast, in practice the majority of these pages are devoted to the editor’s commentary, etc.