One of my favourite novels. I'm going to quote in full a short essay by John Carey to tell you why. He said it all first, and said it best. (Bastard.)
Graham Swift's 1996 Booker Prize winner, the last of my fifty choices, looks back across the century. Ray, Lenny and Vic, three regulars from the Coach and Horses pub in Bermondsey, are on their way to Margate to fulfil the last wish of their old mate Jack, which was to have his ashes thrown into the sea from Margate pier. Vince, Jack's stepson, is driving them. Ray is an insurance clerk and a serious student of the turf; Lenny is in fruit and veg; Vic is an undertaker. Jack owned a butcher's shop, and wanted Vince to go into the family firm, but Vince had classier ideas and now sells luxury cars to oil-rich Arabs.
As they make for the coast in Vince's blue Mercedes, Swift unreels their past lives in snatches of talk and internal monologue. Now one of them, now another, takes up the narrative, passing it round as they pass round and nurse on their knees the plastic crematorium jar holding what is left of Jack. In flashbacks, Jack and his wife Amy add their voices to the gathering memories.
It is the wartime generation Swift celebrates. Jack and Ray were at El Alamein together, and Jack saved Ray's life. Lenny was a gunner, Vic served with convoys. They spent their youth in a pastoral England quite close in time but unimaginably different from ours. Jack and Amy met on a hop-picking holiday in Kent. Ray's old man was a scrap merchant with a cart horse called Duke which hauled a wagon round the Bermondsey streets. (Ray remembers that it was sitting beside his dad, watching Duke's backside, that first gave him thoughts about women - a connection typical of the book's fascination with how the mind knits itself.)
Seemingly artless, but as precise as a string quartet, the story gradually fits together. Just before war broke out, Jack and Amy had a daughter, June, who was born brain-damaged. She is still alive - now a woman of fifty - in an institution, but has never shown the least flicker of mental awareness. Twice a week, without fail, year in year out, Amy has visited her, hoping to stir some sort of recognition. But Jack has never been able to acknowledge her existence or hear her name mentioned.
The bitterness that grew between Jack and Amy carried benefits for others. At the end of the war they adopted baby Vince, whose family had been wiped out by a flying bomb, to fill the gap left by June. Later Ray, ever the opportunist, waylaid Amy on one of her hospital visiting days, and they had a short but blissful affair, consummating their love inside his camper-van at a number of classic race-meetings while the crowd roared outside.
The intimacy and depth of the writing imprints each character indelibly - Jack, dying of stomach cancer and sprouting plastic tubes, still chatting up the nurses; Vic savouring the secrets of the undertaker's craft; Lenny, an ex-boxer, needling Vince who, years back, got Lenny's teenage daughter pregnant and threw her over. Vince is the hardest character to like, but the book's generosity extends even to him, showing us behind the spiv a bewildered child, laughed at at school, and an adolescent caught up in Jack and Amy's grievances.
What they are all trying to do is take in the ungraspable fact of death - a subject too old, you would think, for novelty, yet Swift addresses it with searching freshness. Ray, at the crematorium, feels that none of it has anything to do with Jack - the velvet curtains, the flowers, the music. 'I stood there, looking at the curtains, trying to make it have to do with him.'
The novel's hero is the English language as spoken by ordinary people. There is not a phrase you might not hear in a Bermondsey pub any night of the week. Swift's own voice never interposes, and the connectives in the dialogue are kept basic ('I said...He said...'). Yet the effect is profoundly elegiac, proverbially wise, as rhythmic as the surge of waves.
Shakespeare occasionally gives lower-class characters speeches that shame the high-ups by their gentleness or nobility. But here that effect is carried through a whole book. Cockney speech becomes a vehicle for nuance and tenderness. If a language reflects the temper of its people, we should be proud of this book's language - or proud of the generation, now passing, that spoke it.