Foster is a good fit to write a book about Seamus Heaney. He is a distinguished professor of modern Irish history. His many books include a well-received biography of Yeats.
This is not primarily a book of literary criticism. It is an attempt to explore the connections between Heaney and the world he lived in. He grew up in the rural country, in Northern Ireland, as a Catholic, during the worst of the troubles from 1969 on. All of those things were major influences. The love of rural words, images and metaphors are a central part of his skill. The Northern Ireland literary scene formed him. He could never escape being seen as a Catholic no matter how far he traveled from it. The violence, politics, and contradictions of the Irish struggles haunted his poetry.
Foster is brilliant at showing Heaney, at the same time, struggling to not be simply defined as an Irish Catholic poet from Northern Ireland. Foster outlines the tightrope Heaney walked to avoid simply being a spokesperson or a prophet. He always insisted that he was a poet first. He moved to the South to get out of the overwhelming war zone atmosphere. He had frequent teaching and lecturing stints abroad, particularly in America. His poetry was about much more than his religious or national identity.
Heaney eventually transcended Ireland, culminating in the Nobel Prize for Literature. Foster, who knows the scene well, outlines the jealousy and resentment of Irishmen who begrudged his success, as we tend to do. He was accused of compromising, selling out, or forgetting where he came from. Foster gives the sense that the accusations bothered Heaney but that he was strong enough to go on his own path.
Foster does have some interesting commentary on the poems and there is a healthy selection of excerpts throughout the book. This is a first-rate introduction to the best Irish poet since Yeats.