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336 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 2002
Kafka speaks of a world that precedes every division, every naming. It’s not a sacred or divine world, nor a world abandoned by the sacred or the divine. It’s a world that has yet to recognize such categories, to distinguish them from everything else. Or that no longer knows how to recognize them or distinguish them from everything else. All is a single unity, and it is simply power. Both the greatest good and the greatest evil are saturated with it.
There was a graphologist in Sylt, in the pension where Felice was staying during a vacation. Felice asked him to examine Kafka’s handwriting and later sent Kafka the results. These seemed to him false and rather ridiculous. But “the falsest assertion among all the falsehoods” was this: according to the graphologist, the subject showed “artistic interests.” No – that was an insult. Kafka replied sharply: “I don’t have literary interests, I’m made of literature, I’m nothing else and can be nothing else.”
“Writing is a sweet, marvelous reward, but for what? In the night it became clear to me, as clear as a lesson for children, that it’s the reward for having served the devil… [I]ts diabolical element seems absolutely clear. It’s the vanity and the sensuality they circle continuously around our own figure, or someone else’s—in which case the movement multiplies, becomes a solar system of vanity—and feast on it.…Blasphemy with respect not to a God but to the whole.”
This word brings to mind the Vedic akshara more than it does any term used in less remote traditions. Kafka never chose to explain its meaning. He wanted only to distinguish it clearly from any faith in a "personal God." Indeed he went so far as to assert that "belief in a personal God" is nothing more than "one possible expression" of a widespread phenomenon: the tendency of "the indestructible" to "remain hidden."Recently I read Roberto Balaño's short story "Police Rat," which echoes Kafka's late tales "Josephine the Singer, or the Mouse Folk" and "The Burrow." What is it, I wondered, with Kafka and mice? Specifically, the noise they make en masse, which I would have called chirping, but Kafka (and Bolaño following him) refer to as "whistling" or "piping." Toward the end of Calasso's book I found the answer, in a letter Kafka wrote from Zürau.
Dear Felix, the first great flaw of Zürau: a night of mice, a frightening experience. I am unscathed and my hair is no whiter than yesterday, but it was the most horrifying thing in the world. For some time now I've heard them here and there, every now and then at night I've been hearing a soft nibbling, once I even got out of bed, trembling, to take a look, and then it stopped at once – but this time it was an uproar. What a dreadful, mute, and noisy race. At two I was awakened by a rustling near my bed and it didn't let up from then until morning. Up the coal box, down the coal box, crossing the room diagonally, running circles, nibbling the woodwork, whistling softly when not moving, and all the while the sensation of silence, of the clandestine labor of an oppressed proletarian race to whom the night belongs.Over the years I've read many essays on Kafka, the best being by Benjamin; Erich Heller; Nabokov; Guy Davenport; and William Gass. Calasso belongs in this select company.