I picked up this book specifically to get a different perspective on renewable energy project development and deployment... and to that end, Baker delivered. Revolutionary Power is her semi-autobiographical manifesto for why renewable energy development must occur differently to avoid saddling the same people victimized by the fossil fuel-powered economy with disproportionate burden and little benefit. The book is thought-provoking, but as a first non-academic publication for Baker perhaps it's the lack of skillful structure that makes me hesitate to recommend it as a convincing gut-check for the mainstream renewable energy industry.
Excellent expose journalism uses story to illustrate what would otherwise be abstract facts in the interest of enticing the reader into a thriller with shocking conclusions and hidden conspiracy. Baker leads with her own family's experience being abused by the oil & gas industry, seemingly as a way of describing her journey to energy justice... but not necessarily ours? Other anecdotes in the book seem also to underline the idea that knowing someone and their background is what validates their story, perspective, and subsequently their position in a debate. And I'd agree that's persuasive... if you happen to have a similar personal experience or background. If not, it's more common to interweave statistics and anecdotes (typically not your own) as a form of multimodal argument to help readers become personally invested in a problem that's new to them. The first few chapters actually could have been a moving memoir about Baker's personal journey back to her roots as an agent of change. But knowing Baker's backstory didn't ultimately affect how valid I thought the rest of her conclusions were, though I got the impression it was supposed to.
No one could accuse Baker of not knowing her subject. The examples she offers about how energy justice themes influenced or failed to influence clean energy policy in Hawaii, New York, Connecticut, and other geographies are detailed and offer an insider perspective into the sausage-making that is energy regulatory policy. Baker's understanding of these policy processes and the political influences that shape them convincingly supports her conviction that energy justice advocates must be active policymakers to fundamentally shift the status quo. The most interesting parallel I saw between Baker's analysis and my work in energy and energy access in Africa was related to how project companies (and the laws that compel them to do so) compensate people for infrastructure projects in their community. In the U.S. and in rural Tanzania, Nigeria, Zambia cutting cost for people whose fundamental lifestyle constraint is their low incomes is kind of a back-handed favor. Sure your power bills will be 40% lower but given you weren't consuming much in the first place is that really a meaningful "benefit"? Especially in the U.S., where local governments may have greater fiscal and administrative competence, it could make a lot of sense for county and state governments to use taxpayer funds to buy project equity on behalf of local residents, then distribute dividends annually. Projects built locally would then provide additional streams of income and help residents build wealth, rather than cutting cost for people who already spend so little. Baker's invocation of South African BBBEE scheme is her attempt to point as such a wealth-building solution, but I'd argue that's an ill-informed choice of policy model, given that even black South Africans consider BBBEE's most evident achievement to be enriching wealthy black members of the ruling political party.
Baker diligently delivers the energy justice party line on how new energy should center the concerns of "communities" over the self-serving agendas of "investors" or "shareholders." Which is where there seems to be a missed opportunity for true revolutionary thinking. If energy justice is about replacing "communities" on the pedestal we currently reserve for "investors," then as advocates we trap ourselves in a moral face-off with financiers about which of these groups is more "worthy" of benefits. Financiers don't speak this language. To avoid the hassle of learning new grammar and vocabulary, my guess is that they will continue to sideline, patronize, or ignore energy justice concerns presented in this language so long as they can afford to. Can we instead remove the mystique of "communities," "investors," or "shareholders" as holy or demonic entities and have conversations about the concerns of people? The people contributing to an enterprise in one way or another, and what benefits those contributions earn? I believe such framing would open more space for developers to optimize during project financing for the benefits of residents, just like we would investors, rather than breaking off "community issues" into a separate workstream for the ESG specialists to deal with and keep out of everyone else's way.
This book forced me to engage with a new perspective, and ultimately gave me radical new ideas for how renewable energy developers could approach project financing and community engagement as energy justice allies. But this was borne out of the tension I felt between Baker's oversimplification of community-finance industry conflict vs. my experience as a project developer... not Baker's own insights. Performing as a personal theory of change, expose of the centralized energy system's crushing costs, detailed energy policy analysis and commentary, and rallying cry against our capitalist overlords, Revolutionary Power is juggling too many balls for one book. And this hobbles its potential to build what I see as a desperately needed common language, purpose, and objectives for energy justice visionaries and "traditional" renewable energy developers alike. That's my take on what this book could have accomplished, though the author may have had other objectives or a different audience in mind who'd judge its success differently.