Usually I pay little attention to the readership of a book. But with Forced Out I wanted to know its readership, how people on Goodreads had responded to it and where they were based. David Olusoga has observed (with reference to BLM) that the UK often took its lead from the USA when it came to issues connected to racism. Issues closer to home often were overlooked. (A point that was shown when quite a few BLM interviewees, following the demonstration in Bristol, happily trotted out dead phrases that they did not understand, but the sort of language that rolls from academic books written in the USA, and quoted Rosa Parks as being a key character in UK history!) Interestingly, the readership of this book (on Goodreads) is almost exclusively UK based. That is hopeful: the book has struck a chord in the right place. Not so encouraging, however, are the comments made about the book. It either scores five stars (without any explanation) or attracts explanations that are often critical, describing it as dull, bland, and without charisma.
These negative terms are of course opinions and everyone it entitled to their opinions. But there is something disturbing about these pejorative terms — they assume something about the book, namely, that it should be entertaining and filled with emotion, it should be filled with heart on the sleeve confessions and replete with persuasive charm. Why? There is almost a sense on which a stereotype hangs over this: the Black male as minstrel or hambone, a comedian-commentator, amusing readers with his hysterically black stories.
Forced Out does not operate in this way. Just as Frederick Douglass wrote his Narrative to demonstrate that African-Americans could read and write (and thereby destabilise racist assumptions) so Maxwell’s book proves that a Black male is capable of rational thinking – thinking that is self-reflective and critical and in all ways superior to his masters, the Police Force’s managers. The tone of Forced Out is objective, analytical, forensic, exactly what one would expect of a high achieving detective. Indeed the book was written as therapy, as Maxwell says at the close, but the writing is nonetheless characterised by its author’s wish to follow facts and draw conclusions, not to draw sympathy by manipulative language – he had after all heard enough of that within the police force.
Essentially, the book charts a rise and fall: the rise of a young boy whose ideal presents were Lego police officers and cars; the fall of the young man who saw a professional dream collapse as a result of racism and homophobia. A Black gay identity is not an easy one, especially within institutions that can erase prejudice with comments such as “life is hard.” On a number of occasions, Forced Out refers to the Stephen Lawrence Enquiry and its demand for change. Such is entirely justified. Institutions have not evolved since the Macpherson report. The police, the NHS, teaching, they all have managed to gloss over their prejudices. Most reviews of Forced Out have focused on police corruption. But the book goes much wider than that: it shows bit by bit how the police, the medical profession, those involved in training and education, and the corrupt heart of many institutions, human resources, failed a human being miserably, to the point where they inflicted misery and mental collapse. Heidegger, with great insight, attacked the term “human resources” because it linked individuality to a form of economic production, a link that devalued the intrinsic value of an individual. There is an existential quality to Forced Out as a human being is mocked for being Black, for being gay, for being truthful, and slowly reduced to a resource that can be dispensed with without care or concern.
To read Forced Out as a memoir is a mistake. This is a piece of social research that is informative and incisive. Much like the Stephen Lawrence Enquiry the writing, at times, becomes heavy. But the weighty parts often contain moments of real shock. Racism is not just in the offensive word: it persists in tones, in how medical reports can be worded or how an email might be written – best to deal with the Maxwell case with "a large Malt in hand". A disturbing, unsettling and courageous book.