History is made by the masses primarily, but also by great men and especially by intense cranks. Immanuel Velikovsky, today buried under a generation of sediments, was perhaps the defining crank of the mid 20th century. Briefly summarized: educated as a psychoanalyst, he aimed to one-up Freud's Moses and monotheism with his own Oedipus and Akhenaton. Freud wanted to show that Moses was a historical figure whose life provided essential and enduring psychological clues as to the psychological structure of judeo-christianity. Velikovsky wanted to show that Egyptian and Jewish myths are both historical and overlap to a large degree, names and dates jumbled up out of the desire to carve out their own cultural space. To make timelines fit, Velikovsky had to upend accepted archeological knowledge and reorder historical chronology.
Any crank would do that on a Tuesday, but Velikovsky went far beyond. The conspiracy to hide the truth wasn’t just confined to historiography, but extended to astronomy, geology, evolutionary biology and even the most elementary physics. The planets in the solar system have only very recently assumed their places, wreaking havoc on earth as they wobbled through our vicinity. Evolution primarily happens during these times of great upheaval; Darwin was too "uniformitarian" to see this. Gravity isn't a thing, it's all static electricity. Even with the benefit of 21st century hindsight, it's impressive how much Velikovsky staked on every established branch of science being wilfully wrong.
Obviously reading the book is senseless. Earth in Upheaval was the specific attempt to ground his theories in hard sciences, eschewing any reference to religion or cultural memory. This also means it's quite boring to a layman, V. producing one cherrypicked challenge to accepted science after another. If there was a uniform Ice Age, then why did northern Siberia escape this fate? Did the Incas build a city above the altitude where crops can take, or did the Andean mountains shoot up in our recent history? Fossilized fish look frightened, doesn't that show they were killed by a cosmic tsunami? Man I don't know, but the argumentative structure behind this text is too reminiscent of negationism or lazy "counterhistory": poke credible holes in a given narrative, supplant with a completely different story, held to no standards.
To the degree that Velikovsky had a point (ie, catastrophes were undervalued in explaining earth development), he was being superceded as he wrote. It's humbling to realize that "a meteor killed the dinosaurs" was only accepted at the tail end of the 20th century. But mostly it's a testament to how you shouldn't let a hurt ego drive you into ever more contrarian positions. Even the most successful cranks are forgotten within a generation. I'll be sure to take this lesson to heart, right after I manage to publically prove my many perverted opponents wrong.