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Caged Lion: Joseph Pilates and His Legacy

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The surprising story of Pilates—the man and the method.

Part biography, part history, and part memoir, "Caged Lion" untangles for the first time Joseph Pilates’s opaque life story and the perilous journey of his exercise program known the world over as Pilates.

This is the story of Joseph Pilates, a gifted man who immigrated to the United States at forty-three with no assets or credentials. He not only invented an exercise regimen—which today is practiced by more than ten million people—but in the process, reinvented himself.

John Howard Steel brings Joseph Pilates and his eponymous exercise regime to life from his unique perspective as a student, friend, and confidant. Joe’s influence profoundly changed Steel’s life; in turn, Steel was crucial for the survival of the Pilates Method and Joe’s legacy. Steel’s vivid account traces the expansion of Pilates from a small cadre of dedicated adherents, through two periods of near extinction, to the global sensation it is today. Steel describes Joseph Pilates’s years as a prisoner during World War I, Joe’s motivation to discover his system of exercises, his inspirational teaching technique, and the unique attraction of the Pilates Method. It’s quite a story.

188 pages, Paperback

First published May 20, 2020

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5 stars
424 (51%)
4 stars
279 (34%)
3 stars
88 (10%)
2 stars
15 (1%)
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12 (1%)
Displaying 1 - 30 of 78 reviews
1 review
June 11, 2020
I enjoyed this book - entertaining, interesting, and controversial. I felt that it read and flowed well.

If you read the book, The Preface should be read in its entirety. This will place context for the book.

I've seen some comments elsewhere (e.g. not on Goodreads) and I strongly feel that in reading some of these comments - the owners of the comments firstly didn't bother to read The Preface in its entirety, (I'm going to take a guess) perhaps don't understand what a preface is / it's function as it pertains to the structure of a book, etc. and are thus, then confused.

I will say that, in general, I've noticed that a number of individuals skip the preface, and then just skip around and read selected passages. If you do this, for this book - I feel you will do yourself a disservice.

I read the book in its entirety, end to end (which says something for me, because I taste books like I taste wine - if I don't like it, I put it down). I quite enjoyed it and recommend.
Profile Image for Carrie R.
44 reviews1 follower
February 21, 2021
This book was more a memoir of Jonathan Steel and an historical account of how Pilates came to be than a biographical sketch of Joseph Pilates. That is not a criticism, more like an unexpected surprise.

I have been practicing Pilates for about two years and wanted to know more about its creator. When I picked up this book, I expected either a dry tome or a superlative-laden hagiography. Happily, Steel has created an engaging story that starts with his first encounter with Joe Pilates in 1963 - "an inauspicious but important beginning" - and takes you along for all the twists, turns, and almost dead ends as dedicated students try to keep Controlology alive after Joe Pilates dies in 1967.

It is a fascinating read and Steel is a good story teller. Through Steel, I feel like I have a much better sense of who Zoe and Clara Pilates were when they poured everything they had into teaching Controlology in their small NYC studio. But the biggest surprise of the book comes when Steel looks into where Controlology came from and how Joe Pilates developed it. Many of the "origin stories" still circulating today - the equipment made from prison bed springs and the like - are almost assuredly untrue. Steel makes a compelling argument from what little is known about Joseph Pilates' time prior to coming to the U.S. that Pilates wanted to start over with a clean slate. We may never know the true beginnings of the practice that is now referred to as Pilates but thanks to Steel’s book we know how modern-day Pilates came to be.
Profile Image for Dawne.
337 reviews2 followers
December 26, 2020
I have been a student of Pilates for over 10 years and this book provided so much inspiration to continue the journey. I appreciated the personal stories but also the perspective of John Howard Steel as the lifelong Pilates student. The legacy of Clara and Joe was beyond their time but his vision for health and wellness was truly revolutionary. I would recommend that any student of Pilates dive into this book. It articulates all the things we feel and the reasons why we keep at it. It's addictive and FUN!!
24 reviews
March 15, 2025
This definitely was not the best book I’ve read but it is such an interesting story. I was very intrigued by Joseph Pilates and the history behind it so I enjoyed learning more
Profile Image for Samantha.
19 reviews
May 14, 2025
Shout out John. 3.5 think the story got a bit repetitive at points and strayed. Most of my knowledge of pilates history was pieced together from work and conversations, this provided deeper insight. I appreciated John’s take on the evolution and accessibility to Pilates. As for Joe, he was weird and from the sound of it an acquired taste. I probably would’ve hated him lol But I love his prison workout!
Profile Image for Molly Richardson.
55 reviews2 followers
October 11, 2025
As someone who’s taught and taken many Pilates classes, I really enjoyed this book. I wish that there was more information about Joe Pilates’s earlier life and how Contrology and the equipment was created. I suppose a major point of the book was that we won’t know the answers to these because Joe didn’t want us to. Either way, a great read for anyone that enjoys Pilates.
Profile Image for Chris Gilbert.
68 reviews
January 26, 2025
New interview answer to how would your co-workers describe you: "Caged Lion"
Profile Image for Zoe Brezner.
38 reviews
December 17, 2025
not necessarily the biography of Joseph Pilates or how the exercise/method came to be, but rather the progression of Pilates historically. Still super interesting, Joe… maybe a sort of weird dude but who am I to judge.

Last chapter was my fav, mind body connection always wins
Profile Image for db67671321.
51 reviews
July 5, 2022
an interesting source to read for understanding the history of Contrology and today's Pilates exercises. Too much imagination in Chapter 7, 8, and 9. Not a big fan of the author whose tone is somewhat arrogant.
My biggest takeaways from this book: there is no single set of Pilates exercises. Getting to know the sets on our own is as important as knowing how the muscles work in our body.
5 reviews
April 10, 2023
Seems like an Autobiography of bitterness in a fantasy world

When I first saw this book advertised, it looked great and something different that wasn't out there. I thought it might give some real background to Pilates, and in particular how Joseph Pilates created his system. There was barely any of this.

More so it was like an autobiography of the reader. Theres more about his life of studying law and not liking his wife at the time, his journey of doing the classes and how he became friends with Joseph Pilates, and also how he was with him in his dying days. All well and good, but who really cares?

As the book develops it feels like the author becomes more and more bitter about anything that may go against this Pilates figure. The author makes some strange claims, about other exercise routines, such as aerobics classes "stiffening ligaments and tendons"... aren't tendons meant to be stiff? Then other claims about aerobics eventually ruining your backs and knees... no research provided to back this up at all.

Then the bitterness against other people, romana, Sean Gallagher.. I'm not really sure why, something about them trying to steal the Pilates name. He may have a point, but who wants to read a bitter book.

But the main point, it all seems a bit of a fantasy world. He claims that millions and millions of people are doing Joe's method... but are they really? Or are people just doing an exercise class named after his surname, based on what the author says then the majority of pilates classes are a world away from what we see today.

The imaginary conversation with Joseph Pilates at the end has to be the most strangest part of any book I've ever read.

Could have been much better, but this should make what people realise is, whatever Joseph Pilates did has long gone.
Profile Image for Amy.
84 reviews6 followers
April 13, 2021
I haven't written a review in a looooong time! But for this one, I just had to.
I was super excited to read this book, to learn more about Joseph Pilates and his work. But I felt that I didn't really get a sense of Pilates history and his work at all.
I guess the author was just being honest drawing from his own experience, but he didn't portray Joseph is a very appealing light. As a new Pilates instructor, I wanted to learn more to have a sense of pride about this amazing system Joseph created. But we don't even find out how Joseph created his Contrology method.
I guess I should have read the back with more detail.
Because this book is really about what happened after Joseph died and who carried on the Pilates Method. The author doesn't really portray Romana Kryzanowska in a very good light, or some of the other main instructors, like Ron Fletcher. And then others, like Kathy Grant, Lolita San Miguel, and Mary Bowen we learn nothing about.
I am a newbie in this industry but I felt like there was a slight agenda to this book. Especially about the entire court case over the trademark use.
So after I read the last chapter, I felt the book was a let down. The back of the book states: "the surprising story of Pilates and the man and the method". I felt with that statement the book didn't live up to this claim. I was hoping to learn more about Joseph's history, and more about the earlier years of him teaching his method. And I was hoping to learn more about all the 1st generation teachers, not just a couple.
I give the book 3 stars because it was entertaining and in the end I couldn't put it down until I reached the end.
3 reviews
April 27, 2021
I’ve been practicing pilates for 42 years and teaching it for over 20. I started to teach two years before the landmark decision was made and have experienced first hand the explosion in the popularity of Pilates. I’ve loved hearing John’s first hand account of what happened during that time. For those of us who make our living based on the teachings of JP, knowing the facts of how we have all come to benefit from the efforts of those who came before us is important. There are still many out there making false claims and generating division within our industry. We should all be eternally grateful for the efforts of John Steel and, the others,who managed to keep the flame of Pilates burning. JP is still a man of mystery and we may never know how the man came up with Contrology but does it really matter? The method works. People love it.
Profile Image for Linda Rosenfeld Magid.
19 reviews
June 9, 2020
This is Mr. Steel’s first and probably only book. I appreciate that he researched as much of Joseph Pilates’s life only to find very little. He also didn’t get much information from Pilates when they spent time together as, according to Mr. Steel, Pilates refused to talk about his past. Understanding all of that, I’m left a bit frustrated that Mr. Steel didn’t attempt to ask Clara Pilates any questions after Joe’s death nor did he interview anyone in the book about what they knew about the man. Much of the book is his own thoughts repeated, which is understandable since the answer to “Who Is Joe Pilates?” is extremely thin. If you are looking for that answer, you won’t find it here. Unfortunately, Mr. Steel makes it clear you won’t find it anywhere else.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
1 review
June 21, 2020
Excellent. Absolutely Delightful.

I laughed loudly more than once, gasped a few times thinking, "no, he didn't say that" and texted two teacher/friends (and found) the identity of the body/student in the courthouse. An excellent read and rounding out of a story that rings very clear about the work, the man and principals involved in creating an industry that I love being a part of.

Thanks for telling the story, John 👌🏽

Gina Jackson
Pilates4fitness
Profile Image for Mary.
357 reviews5 followers
January 29, 2021
Trying to figure out why this book got such amazing reviews. Terrible writing, terrible editing, repetitive, boring narration. Sorry, but I couldn't finish it.
Profile Image for Susan.
29 reviews
January 25, 2024
This book was not well rewritten and not based on facts. Wish would be fine if it was fiction.
Profile Image for Betule Sairafi.
165 reviews35 followers
Currently reading
December 3, 2025
41% done, and I can not believe there's almost 6 hours left on this.

I'd like to preface this by apologizing to anyone who finds themself getting up there in years: this is not the most pleasant listen. JHS is an old man and talks like it. I sense that the feminism parts were added in by sensitivity readers or something. The slowness can be completely mitigated by the narration speed options we have now, but the focus on boring unnecessary details can not. He reminds me of my grandfather reminiscing about old family trips: "... and then we would go down to the restaurant at blabla pm. And we would order this and that. And they had white napkins. And..." And why does he sound like that? He needs some creatine. Some pilates of the mind. Maybe some ADHD would do him good if you can figure out how to give that to someone.

That being said, I have learned some hilarious things about Joe Pilates and am almost convinced that he's some kind of alien or time traveller sent to bring Contrology to the world. I started this book because I came across a studio offering pilates instructor training at just the exact right time for me to go for it although I'm not exactly super into pilates, and Joe's fanaticism has me SOLD.

Apparently pilates was his ONE worldly interest, after/along with sex. I was not wondering if there were any sexual misconduct allegations against him, but after the sheer number of times that JHS found it necessary to repeat that no woman was ever uncomfortable in Joe Pilates' presence, I promise, trust me, I have never seen any spark of unprofessionalism in his gym, he was always a breath of fresh air to ME... well, now I have my doubts, sir. LOL.

Anyway, I am totally on board with what others may call extreme pretentiousness! He was fucking RIGHT about the needs of the body in modern civilization! Totally humiliating for him to have , but sure yeah I'll believe that if everyone did contrology/pilates there would be no disease or war. It would be utopia. I would like to add that if everyone also did keto and intermittent fasting we'd all be even more better off. Why didn't you talk about that, Joe? I'm sure you knew about it. Since you're an expert on the human body and all.

Why you should read this one: to wonder what was up with JP. Was being a physical therapist enough to come up with this practice? Probably, yes. So it's conceivable that he isn't a prophet sent to level humanity up. Apparently, he wanted to make exercise as fun as sex so that people would want to spend time doing it, and he designed it to improve, among everything else, peoples' abilities to perform certain sexual moves (thrusting, squeezing). But there was no mention of the routine being different for men and women...
Profile Image for Lydia Hughes.
271 reviews6 followers
December 14, 2023
I thoroughly enjoyed this memoir, a lot more than I initially expected to. I went into reading this book as preparation for my imminent life shift to pursue my dream of becoming a practitioner in mindful movement, as a Pilates instructor. The practice of Pilates has brought so much peace and clarity to my life, and has helped me on my personal healing journey immensely. Although I wasn’t so interested by the intricacies of the courtroom situation and general legalities of the fitness industry (note that I’m also uncertain of the degree of validity backing up some of Steel’s claims and anecdotes), I found the author’s unique insight into the elusive ‘man behind the method’ of Contrology. Moreover, descriptions of the core principles of Pilates were not only enlightening, but invigorating, and wholly inspiring. This book reminded me that there is so much joy to be found in movement that nourishes the mind, body, and soul, as opposed to depleting them. It is a privilege to wake up in a healthy body every day, and to take pleasure in looking after it: ‘Caged Lion’ reframes exercise—Pilates in particular—as a practice beyond the physical; a means of accessing a plane of existence in which somatic and spiritual fulfilment can be reconciled through a combination of strength, control, breath work, and utter embodiment. Exercise ceases to be merely bodily movement, but becomes an exercise in harmony of the entire being.
Profile Image for Lauren Chapelhow.
36 reviews1 follower
May 30, 2023
A must read for any fitness enthusiast or even professional. No, Caged Lion won’t teach you the big secret to getting fitter or better, but is an example of the role of patience and persistence in anything.
Pilates is a word that you can say in almost any country in the world and people will most likely conjure some kind of image related to exercise. The route to the spread of Pilates was one that required a lot of people and change. Told by John Steele, one of Joseph Pilates remaining living students takes you through the journey of Pilates, how the influence of different people and also time has made Pilates what it is today and allowing you to develop your own answer to the question ‘what is Pilates?’
Profile Image for Lorry.
24 reviews4 followers
February 22, 2025
DNF

This is not a biography. It is a book about a man who knew J. Pilates and his relationship with him. I enjoy taking Pilates classes and wanted to know more about the creator and history of this practice. However, if there is any truth to this description of Mr. Pilates then he's hardly a notable nor inspirational figure. The author was clearly enamored with him but his description created, for me, a portrait of a very strange and creepy man with strange and creepy (potentially harassing and inappropriate) relationships with others.

Disclaimer, I did not finish reading this book as it was not insightful nor inspiration for me and I wasn't enjoying it. Perhaps all that changed after the first quarter of the book but I shall never know.
3 reviews
July 4, 2021
As must read if you're a Pilates practitioner

I have always wanted to understand Joseph Pilates. The man behind the work that makes me wake up every day with poise and pleasure to earn my living. So that I can say thank you! So thank you, Joe. But also, thank you, John Howard Steel, for putting this book out into the world, it means a lot to me, and I am sure for other people too, to put the story straight for other generations to come. It's important to know what it took for Pilates to survive today. I am optimistic that we can all continue to work together to move Pilates forward.
Profile Image for Tim OBrien.
166 reviews6 followers
March 22, 2022
I am not sure anyone not interested in Pilates would find this book interesting. But I have been doing Pilates for about nine years and often wondered where this exercise regime came from. And this book tells that story. The author learned Pilates from Joe Pilates himself, and he was instrumental in keeping the Pilates system from dying with its eponymous creator. But I have to admit that I skimmed a lot of the book because I was particularly interested in who start the first Pilates studio in California, or many of the other details of how Pilates, the system, evolved and managed to survive after Joe Pilates death.
Profile Image for Micaela Rose.
39 reviews
December 12, 2025
I really wanted a lot more information on how contrology was created, but it’s not the author’s fault that that information apparently doesn’t exist and died along with Joe Pilates. The author did a good job trying his best to tell this story, but mostly just winds up saying that everything we’ve heard is probably fabricated and no one knows the truth. This book is a lot more about how Pilates became such a phenomenon including the business and legal struggles. I wasn’t really that interested in the topic, but I think it is well written. I wish it had been a little more clear in the description.
Profile Image for Amy Supernaw.
27 reviews
February 21, 2023
Listened to it on audible. The author is the narrator and he reads very slowly. But he is the first person witness to this story which adds to the fun of the book. You need to bump it up to 1.5x and it’s perfect.

I’ve read other books by/about Joseph Pilates and this had a lot of new and very interesting information about his life in New York and beyond, some of his “rules” and processes at the gym (very interesting! Ha!) and new information I didn’t know about his Contrology routine.

I loved it but I’m kind of a Pilates nerd!
Profile Image for Shawna.
17 reviews
August 25, 2021
I have been a student of Pilates for over 15 years and it's something that never gets easy. There are always ways to tweak the exercises to make them more difficult. Reading this book, I fell in love with Pilates all over again. I loved reading about Joe and how his teachings are still being practiced. Pilates is my "therapy" and I get downright crabby when I don't do it. Any student or instructor should pick this book up and be prepared to have a new appreciation for the work Joe Pilates did.
Profile Image for Gigi Gould.
12 reviews
January 19, 2022
A fascinating glimpse into one person's experience knowing Joseph Pilates, the somewhat elusive man who invented Pilates (or Contrology as he wanted it to be known). And the author, who used to take sessions with Pilates himself, and who may have got to spend much more time with Joseph Pilates outside the studio than anyone else at the time, offers us a rare glimpse of the genius man behind this method. And how Pilates, as a form of exercise, evolved and survived following his death.
2 reviews
February 12, 2023
Wow…Just Wow

I have practiced Pilates for nearly a decade and recently became a Pilates instructor. Pilates has truly changed my life. If you are fortunate enough to have experienced Pilates you know how special it is. This book gave me extraordinary insight into Joe Pilates and the origin of the exercise method I have grown to love.. Well written, easy to read. I highly recommend.
Profile Image for Lenka Letadlo.
211 reviews
April 16, 2025
Závěrečné úvahy jsou docela nezáživné (i když dojdou k podle mě správnému závěru, proč je pilates návykové), ale z hlediska historek s J.P. je knížka zábavná. Potvrzuje, že géniové jsou zároveň mešuge. A samozřejmě se mi líbí autorův výklad, co je dnešní pilates, protože sedí i na to, jak učím já, a nemusím si tak z názvu pilates škrtnout. :D Jinak je na knížce znát, že ji psal někdo, kdo psát neumí, ale dá se to ignorovat, pokud vás dostatečně zajímá obsah (což teda platí jen pro první část).
Profile Image for Susana Garcia.
5 reviews
June 16, 2020
Fantastic beginning backstory with anecdotes from Steel’s time with Pilates and his experiences in the pilates world after. Second half of the book focuses on the “what ifs” and is filled with mostly Steel’s own speculations... which become repetitive. Overall and enjoyable read, but not as much concrete insight into the history of Pilates as I was initially hoping for.
2 reviews
August 4, 2020
Interesting deductions on Pilates’ creation

With so little known about Joseph Pilates before he came to the US and how he was inspired to create the exercise flow that bears his name, this memoir from one of his last students is interesting detective work. The emergence of the program we now know as Pilates from 1967 to now was a fascinating journey.
Displaying 1 - 30 of 78 reviews

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