As a redeemed urban dweller who was born in Chile but lives in Gotham City, I quickly realized that the gospel must be contextualized for the masses because of the extensive cultural diversity that exists which demands that you bring the Truth to bear with answers specific to the socio-cultural contexts presented. Whether you are in Sunset Park Brooklyn or Rego Park Queens or the Bronx and you are working among the diverse Latinos from the Caribbean, South, Central and North America or if you are in East Flatbush or Crown Heights or Harlem and you are among the various cross sections of African Americans originating from here in the US or from the Caribbean, one thing is certain, everyone has a religion and it is externalized and made explicit.
As a devoted student of apologetics living in Gotham City for more than 40+ years I was eager to read this work because my experience has been rich in terms of encountering people who believe all sorts of beliefs. I’ve come across faithful adherents from the Nation of Islam, Five Percent-ers, Hebrew Israelites, atheists, racists of all stripes (White, Black, Latino, Asians, etc.,) Mormons, Jehovah’s Witnesses, Suni & Shia Islam, Human Empowerment & Consciousness, Kemeticism, Christian Science, Harry Krishna, and many more. With each friendly engagement and encounter I would always do my best to try and understand what was being communicated. I always mentally diagram the respective worldview and theology that was/is being presented. As the years passed, I gained more experience and developed an understanding on how to approach certain religious groups, especially with those holding to urban and ethno-centric religions. This apologetical form of evangelism has not been easy work but one that requires a lot of thought and contemplation. I always sought out good resources to help my understanding and to sharpen my thinking as I engaged. When I learned that brother Mason was working on a project on Urban Apologetics, I couldn’t wait to get my hands on the published work. I thought, finally! I book that can summarize and shed more light on what we are encountering here in the Big Apple. So, I pre ordered and when it finally arrived, I began to read.
The first part of the book sought to provide a motif for the project at hand and that was understandable. Mason correctly began by demonstrating that the loss of black dignity was the multi-generational result of the evil of chattel slavery. “As a people we were unbiblically kidnapped and sold unwillingly into slavery by Europeans, carried across the blue chasm, raped, left for dead, or thrown overboard to become shark food. Once on shore we were sold again – often while naked or scantily clothed. We were introduced to the land of the free as broken, reeking undignified persons and considered subhuman, belonging to everyone but the living God.” pg.3. The description of the history is honest, eye opening and horrific. Thankfully the author, in true pastoral fashion and properly presupposing the belief that the power of redemption is more powerful than the power and effects of sin, on earth and in history, quickly began the work of outlining how the restoration of black dignity does occur. He highlights the fact that many of the early church fathers were from North Africa and this should be a point stressed to black brethren. Mason also openly questions the intent of white theologians in saying that ignoring the geography or ethnic makeup of the early Church Fathers ‘whitewashes’ history. Yes, Eric Mason does believe that white theologians have purposely whitewashed history. I disagree and lest I let him off the hook easily on the loss of dignity resulting from slavery, contrary to popular belief, white slave traders did not simply go to Africa and trek through the jungle to find and capture slaves. White slave traders bought them from other black Africans who had already enslaved their black brethren. It’s sobering to realize that African blacks, far from being kings and queens, were actually debtors, criminals, or conquered people who were sold to Westerners (whites) by their own kinsmen. Length and space in this review does not allow me to into the similarities of the Arab or Indian (Araucano, Aztec, Inca, Guarani, Mayan) slave trade but there is much to be said. Although Eric Mason’s chapter sought to define what dignity is and provided a rationale for the book, I sensed a disturbing polemic against ‘whiteness’ (Whatever that may mean to the author) disguised as ‘true history.’
A surprising bit of racism came from Tiffany Gill who wrote the chapter on Black History and Urban Apologetics. Gill says that many of the challenges facing urban Black churches in the twenty-first century are not new. Whether we are battling against a racist judicial system, white evangelicals who refuse to acknowledge our full humanity, ..” pg.48. I’m compelled to ask a few questions; have we not turned a big corner from the racism exhibited in the judicial system from yesteryear? The criminal system has been biased in the past against blacks but recent evidence of such bias is far less conclusive, it’s almost non-existent. In fact, many studies have been conducted that show little to no bias in the arrest, prosecution, adjudication, and sentencing of blacks. This doesn’t mean that racism in the system doesn’t occur but is the judicial system racist? According to the abstract from the Democrat run U.S Department of justice, “The consensus among criminologists is that available evidence of bias is not strong. Compared to legitimate factors affecting sentencing decisions, such as the defendant's prior record and offense seriousness, race appears to be only weakly related to whether a defendant is arrested, convicted, prosecuted, or sentenced severely.” But if I’m to understand Gill, blacks are battling a racist judicial system. In my estimation to accuse whites of racism when in fact that is not what is happening is as racist as it gets. But I digress.
If the first part of Gill’s quote didn’t stop me in my tracks then allow to me to point out, by way of questions, what stopped me completely; how do white evangelicals refuse to acknowledge the full humanity of blacks? How does Tiffany Gill define white evangelicalism? Are white evangelicals people who take the Bible really seriously? Do ‘white evangelicals’ not believe that ALL humanity (men, women, children, unborn babies) are created in the image of God? Do tell, Ms. Gill. Nevertheless, and in fairness. the author of Black History and Urban Apologetics does provide us with some good prescriptions to problems facing the church.
The second part of the book was like navigating through a map. The authors not only showed you what the religious and identity groups were saying but they also provided clear markers indicating where and what the Christian faith says to those who have ears to hear. They unpacked the lies, eisegesis, ideas and helped the reader realize and understand the source of racial anger, theology and cultural phrases commonly used in the urban context. This was useful and articulated in a thoughtful fashion. Aside from the heavy reliance on the CSB version of the bible as opposed to NASB, NKJV, KJV or even the ESV, this part was a good introduction to the religious and identity groups centered in the context of urban America. If you live in a big city do yourself a favor and read this part a few times.
The third part of the book is theologically sound, with lots of practical advice and exhortations. The reality is that the Christ-filled essays conclude with a reason for doing apologetics as evangelism within the urban context. There is an explanation of the use of reason and logic within the chapter by Brandon Washington titled, ‘Philosophy and Worldviews,’ which was brief but excellent. The author admits that more could be done to contribute on the logic and reason front but wetting the appetite is precisely what is called for with a work of this magnitude. Blake Wilson’s admonition in his essay, ‘Knowing Your Bible,’ is another gem and I found myself re-reading his essay a few times and I conclude with his admonition, “It’s difficult to defend something that you don’t understand. It’s even harder if it seems like your opponent has a better understanding of Scripture than you do., but you can’t explain why. Embracing biblical literacy isn’t an option for the urban apologist, Knowing the Bible intimately is essential for contending for the faith.”