Thank goodness for scientists! Thank goodness for their frequently obsessive curiosity and their mulish determination to follow that curiosity to either victoriously confirm a theory or objectively refute one. An instance of such curiosity being piqued occurs in October 2012, when neurologist Jed Barash stares at an MRI brain scan of a young man, and says out loud to his empty office, “Whoa, this is weird.” It turns out that this patient overdosed on opioids and damaged his hippocampus in a way Barash had never seen before.
The hippocampus is the memory center of the human brain: damage to the hippocampus means damage to everything related to memory—encoding, storing, and retrieving. In this case, the terrifying result of the damage (terrifying to this reviewer, at any rate!) is the inability to make new memories. As more overdose cases emerge, Barash homes in on fentanyl as the common culprit. But proving it is a whole different matter. It acquires a formal name—amnestic syndrome—and becomes the focus not just of Barash’s work, but of numerous other people, who Barash skillfully cajoles into a virtual team of forensic opioid detectives.
Lauren Aguirre, author of The Memory Thief and the Secret Behind How We Remember, has done a heroic and exhaustive job of talking to all the stakeholders in this hunt for proof of the opioid use/memory loss connection. The implications of such proof, says Aguirre, can be massively impactful, with the possibility of it turning out “to be a tiny piece of the giant puzzle that is Alzheimer’s disease.” Aguirre’s sources included doctors, patients and their family members, government agencies, and a variety of health experts. From a vast amount of information, she assembles critical pieces to tell a breathtaking story.
Along the way, readers get a penetrating insight of what it takes to pursue important research when, in fact, not many others think it is important. The writing of applications for research grants and lobbying successfully for national public health announcements consume enormous and lengthy efforts, and demand considerable stamina to stay the course. But Barash’s zeal and devotion to truth-seeking is infectious, and the other experts he rallies to the cause exhibit a remarkable spirit of collaboration and willingness to search energetically for answers to vexing questions.
Though the storytelling necessarily includes complicated medical and biological explanations, readers are in safe hands with Aguirre. Her narrative never loses its accessibility, and her helpful glossary plus the timeline built into chapter headings (why, oh why don’t more popular science writers do this!) are perfect for keeping readers on track. And she never misses an opportunity to acknowledge the work of the hero-scientists of this story. This is a fabulous book on an urgent topic that could impact millions of people.
Once again, thank goodness for scientists! Thank goodness for their courage in proposing bold, new, and hard-won wisdom in the stubborn face of legacy thinking. One wonders what kind of primitive world we might be living in that constantly relies on looking backward and clinging to beliefs past their expiration dates, instead of taking intelligent, calculated risks while using science to create a better future for humankind.