AMBEDKAR'S INDIA

by B.R. Ambedkar

Ambedkar's India is a collection of three of B.R. Ambedkar's most prominent speeches on caste and the Indian Constitution.

"In the fight for Swaraj, you fight with the whole nation on your side. In fighting caste system, you stand against the whole nation—and that too, your own."

Annihilation of Caste is one of Ambedkar's best works in putting together how caste as a system has been eating up the roots of a rich cultural melting pot like India. "Bhakti in religion could lead to salvation. But in politics, Bhakti is a sure road to eventual dictatorship."

The Grammar of Anarchy reflects Ambedkar's ideas on how we need to pave the way for Independent India. It reflects his deep love and aspirations for India and its people. "...the sub-divisions [of caste] have lost the open-door character of the class system, and have become self-enclosed units called castes."

Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development is an in-depth study of how classes went on to become castes and sub-castes to dot the Indian social system. This powerful narrative is a radical eye-opener.

Genres: Nonfiction, India, Audiobook, History, Politics, Biography

154 pages, Paperback

Published June 28, 2020

About the author

Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar was born in 1891 into an “Untouchable” family of modest means. One of India’s most radical thinkers, he transformed the social and political landscape in the struggle against British colonialism. He was a prolific writer who oversaw the drafting of the Indian Constitution and served as India’s first Law Minister. In 1935, he publicly declared that though he was born a Hindu, he would not die as one. Ambedkar eventually embraced Buddhism, a few months before his death in 1956.

Reviews

[Aditi Bhatt · Rating 5 out of 5]

I find myself quite unworthy of reviewing this bundle of knowledge, thoughtfulness, and most of all, reason. Definitely recommending it.
Happy reading! :)

[Divya Darshani · Rating 5 out of 5]

I have no words to review this book. I am very impressed with Ambedkar's thoughts and opinions, and the fact that he does so by remaining in the boundaries of rationalism. No stupid arguments. It might be a bit triggering for very religious people, otherwise an eye opener for the most.It is really unfortunate that some people remember him only for his work as a social reformer and father of the constitution. I respect B.R Ambedkar to the core of my heart.🙏🏻

[Japneet (millennial_reader) · Rating 4 out of 5]

Who can say how the people of India and their parties will behave? Will they uphold constitutional methods of achieving their purposes or will they prefer revolutionary methods of achieving them? If they adopt the revolutionary methods, however good the Constitution may be, it requires no prophet to say that it will fail."
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B.R. Ambedkar was independent India's first minister of Law and Justice, he inspired many campaigns against discrimination so it's no surprise that this book is a collection of three of his speeches on the Indian Constitution and caste.
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The three speeches namely,

'The Grammar Of Anarchy' which reflects how diverse this country is, what Ambedkar wanted for the people of this country and how far sighted he was and tells us how difficult it was to implement the constitution. Well, we clearly see how it's being tampered with these days, courtesy: the ruling party, so I think I understand what he meant.
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'Annihilation Of Caste', B.R. Ambedkar's most famous speech which brings out how caste system in India works and how deep rooted it is in our culture. He even goes on to criticize Hinduism and takes a dig at the religious texts which he feels are male centric suppress the voices of the female counterparts.
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'Castes In India: Their Mechanism, Genesis And Development' which I felt is an eye opener. Here he shares his research about how caste is nothing but a product of endogamy and points out how and why it's problematic.
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This is an important book.

[Vijay · Rating 4 out of 5]

The book contains three of his speeches: The Grammer of Anarchy, Annihilation of Caste, Castes in India: Their Mechanisms, Genesis and Development. Ambedkar was indeed a far-sighted and well-informed person who not only pointed out India's problem but also proposed a solution for each of them. He talks about the difficulty of implementing the constitution, deeply rooted caste system and how the discrimination in India is different from the discrimination faced by people elsewhere, racism for example.

Two of my favourite quotes from the book:

"I have no hesitation in saying that if the Mahomedan has been cruel, the Hindu has been mean; and meanness is worse than cruelty"

"Religion is for man and not man for religion"

[Krishna Gavas · Rating 5 out of 5]

So much rationality and eye opening opinions are mentioned in this book that it will force me to read and follow more works by Dr. B R Ambedkar.

The book is a compilation of speeches given by Dr. Ambedkar which throws light on various topics ranging from democracy, politics and caste system in India.
It shows the hypocrisy of how in politics we recognise one man one vote and one vote one value but when it comes to social and economic life we deny the principal of one man one value.

It shows how the chaturvarnya(4 hierarchy in hindu caste system) which is applied only to men sounds absurd when it is equally applied to women as well. where we would have women priests and women soldiers.

It focuses on the idea that religion should be assemblage of principles rather than just a set of rules. because the principle may be wrong, but the act is conscious and responsible. The rule may be right, but the act is mechanical. A religious act may not be a correct act, but must atleast be a responsible act.

I would rate this book 4.5/5.

[Alamgir Baidya · Rating 5 out of 5]

পাঁচটা ষ্টার দিলাম লেখার গুণগত মানের জন্য। লেখকের সমস্ত বক্তব্যের সঙ্গে একমত হতে পারিনি।

Ambedkar's India বি আর আম্বেদকরের তিনটে বক্তৃতা/প্রবন্ধের সংকলন: 'The Grammar of Anarchy', 'Annihilation of Caste' এবং 'Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development'. এর মধ্যে 'Annihilation of Caste'এর মতো বহু আলোচিত টেক্সট সম্পর্কে নতুন কিছু বলার খুব বেশি সুযোগ নেই। বস্তুত আমরা যারা উদারনৈতিক (liberal অর্থে) ভারতের মূলধারার শিক্ষাব্যবস্থায় শিক্ষিত হয়েছি, তাদের কাছে আম্বেদকর বলতে যে ইতিবাচক ছবিটা ভেসে ওঠে, সেই জাতিগত অসাম্যের বিরুদ্ধে আপোষহীন যোদ্ধা আম্বেদকর হচ্ছেন এই 'Annihilation of Caste'এর আম্বেদকর। ১৯৩৬এ অবিভক্ত ভারতের লাহোর শহরে 'জাতপাত তোড়ক মণ্ডল' বলে একটি সংগঠন আম্বেদকরকে তাঁদের বার্ষিক সভায় হিন্দু বর্ণ ব্যবস্থা সম্পর্কে বক্তব্য রাখতে আমন্ত্রণ জানান। সেই উপলক্ষে আম্বেদকর 'Annihilation of Caste' শীর্ষক এই বক্তৃতাটি লেখেন এবং আগাম প্রচারের জন্যে উদ্যোক্তাদের কাছে পাঠান। 'Annihilation of Caste'এ যে ভাষায় বর্ণব্যবস্থা তথা বর্ণহিন্দুকে আক্রমণ করা হয়েছে তাতে আশ্চর্য নয় যে উদ্যোক্তারা আম্বেদকরের বক্তৃতা বাতিল করে দেন। পরে আম্বেদকর নিজের উদ্যোগে প্রবন্ধ হিসাবে এটাকে ছাপান এবং বিতরণের ব্যবস্থা করেন। কালজয়ী একটা কাজ। বর্তমান সময়ে তো বটেই, যতদিন পর্যন্ত ভারতে বর্ণবাদ আলোচ্য বিষয়, ততদিন 'Annihilation of Caste' আমাদের সবার রেফারেন্স – সে আমরা যেদিকেই দাঁড়াই না কেন।

'The Grammar of Anarchy' – ১৯৪৯ সালে পার্লামেন্টে করা এই বক্তৃতা কিন্তু বেশ সমস্যাজনক। বিশেষত দলিত ঐক্য সুনিশ্চিত করতে বামপন্থী বা বামঘেঁষা যাঁরা আম্বেদকরকে আত্তীকরণ করে নিয়েছেন বা করে নিতে চান তাঁদের পক্ষে। এখানে আম্বেদকর সুস্পষ্ট ভাবে বলছেন স্বাধীন ভারতে আন্দোলনের দরকার নেই। 'ইতি গজ' হচ্ছে – যতক্ষণ সংসদীয় গণতন্ত্র সচল রয়েছে। এটা খুবই মজার একটা caveat! শাসক দল সবসময়েই দাবি করবে দেশের গণতান্ত্রিক ব্যবস্থা দিব্যি চলছে। সুতরাং, আন্দোলন নিষ্প্রয়োজন। শুধু নিষ্প্রয়োজন বলেই কিন্তু আম্বেদকর থামেননি। যারা স্বাধীন ভারতে আন্দোলন করছেন তাঁদের আনুগত্য কোন দেশের প্রতি সেই নিয়ে সরাসরি প্রশ্ন তুলেছেন। (বক্তব্যটা চেনাচেনা লাগছে তাই না?) এই 'The Grammar of Anarchy'র আম্বেদকর আমাদের অনেকেরই অচেনা। ইনি রাষ্ট্রের মুখ, সদ্যনিযুক্ত মন্ত্রিসভার আইনমন্ত্রী এবং সরকারবিরোধী মানেই দেশবিরোধী ষড়যন্ত্র এই সহজ সমীকরণে বিশ্বাসী। ইতিহাসের পরিহাস এটাই যে কয়েকবছরের মধ্যে এই মন্ত্রিসভায় থাকা তাঁর প্রতি অসহনীয় হয়ে উঠবে এবং তিনি নিজেই আবার আন্দোলনে ফিরবেন।

তিনটের মধ্যে সবথেকে কম আলোচিত সম্ভবত 'Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development' প্রবন্ধটি। এই সঙ্কলনেও এটা শেষে আছে। যদিও কালানুক্রমের বিচারে এটা বাকি দুটোর আগে লেখা। ১৯১৬ সালে নিউ ইয়র্কের একটি নৃতাত্ত্বিক সেমিনারে এটি পেপার হিসাবে বেরোয়। বুঝতেই পারছেন, খুবই কেতাবি লেখা। টার্গেট অডিয়েন্স স্পষ্টতই বহির্বিশ্বের পণ্ডিত সমাজ। শাস্ত্রের, প্রামাণ্য ইতিহাসের এবং নৃতত্ত্বের অনেক সূত্র ধরে বর্ণবাদের উৎসসন্ধানে একটা দারুণ গবেষণামূলক কাজ।

তিনটে লেখাতেই লেখক অসামান্য বিশ্লেষণী ক্ষমতার পরিচয় দিয়েছেন। একটা রাজনৈতিক টেক্সট কীভাবে লিখতে হয় সেটা সত্যিই শেখার আছে আম্বেদকরের থেকে। বিপক্ষের অবস্থান ফুৎকারে উড়িয়ে না দিয়ে সময় নিয়ে বিস্তীর্ণ যুক্তিজাল বুনে তারপর ধীরে ধীরে নস্যাৎ করা যে একটা আর্ট, একটা শিল্প – সেটা এই লেখাগুলো পড়লে বোঝা যায়। যে রেফারেন্সগুলোর আশ্রয় তিনি নিচ্ছেন তার জন্য যে পরিমাণ গবেষণা দরকার তা সহজেই অনুমেয়। কিন্তু কোথাওই মেধার স্ফুরণ মূল বক্তব্যের নির্মেদ অভিঘাতকে ভোঁতা করতে পারছে না।

এই আম্বেদকরকে নিয়ে অদক্ষিণপন্থী পরিসরগুলোতে আরও চর্চা প্রয়োজন। 'Annihilation of Caste' দলিত প্রশ্নে আম্বেদকরের অবস্থান চিরকালের মতো স্পষ্ট করে দিয়েছে। কিন্তু বামপন্থা সম্পর্কে আম্বেদকরের অবস্থান কী? ভারতীয় মুসলিম প্রশ্নে আম্বেদকরের অবস্থান কী? নারী ক্ষমতায়নের প্রশ্নে তিনি কী ভাবতেন? আদিবাসীদের সম্পর্কে তাঁর দৃষ্টিভঙ্গি কী? অর্থাৎ, অদলিত বাকি প্রান্তিক পরিচয়ের প্রশ্নে আম্বেদকরের অবস্থান এই সময়ে দাঁড়িয়ে ভালভাবে বুঝে নেওয়া খুব জরুরি। এই সময়ের নেতাদের ক্ষেত্রে একটা বড় সুবিধা হচ্ছে নেহরু হোন বা নেতাজি, গান্ধী হোন বা আম্বেদকর বিভিন্ন বিষয়ে তাঁদের বক্তব্য বই, প্রবন্ধ, বক্তৃতা, চিঠিচাপাটি বিভিন্ন ফর্মে ওয়েল ডকুমেন্টেড। এই আন্তর্জালের যুগে একটু সদিচ্ছা থাকলেই ভাইরাল পোষ্ট/ফরওয়ার্ডের উপর ভরসা না করে সেগুলো পড়ে ফেলা যায়। যেমন আম্বেদকরের ক্ষেত্রে যে প্রশ্নগুলো উপরে বললাম তার উত্তর পেতে 'Thoughts on Pakistan' বা 'Buddha or Karl Marx' পড়া যেতে পারে। বলা বাহুল্য, সব উত্তর আমাদের মনঃপুত হবে না। আমরা দশটা ইস্যুর মধ্যে হয়তো একটা বা দুটোয় আম্বেদকরবাদের সাথে সহমত পোষণ করবো। সেখান থেকেই ইস্যুভিত্তিক ঐক্য জন্ম নেবে। বিরোধের জায়গাগুলো গায়ের জোরে চেপে গিয়ে আমরা যতদিন ঢালাও অ্যালাই বানানোর চেষ্টা করে যাবো ততদিন বাস্তবে কোনো প্রতিরোধই গড়ে তুলতে পারবো না। নেপোয় সব দইই মেরেছে, আম্বেদকরকেও তারাই চেটেপুটে নেবে।

[book_louse09 · Rating 4 out of 5]

"Equality may be a fiction but nonetheless one must accept as a governing principle."
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B.R.Ambedkar; one of the most famous men who fought for the rights of the people from different sections of the society. His takes and speeches on social injustice is something commendable. This book "Ambedkar's India" is of 150 pages covering three of his major works. His closing speech in constituent assembly "The Grammar Of Anarchy" gives three main pieces of advice. First to give up 'The grammar of anarchy' by holding to the constitution. Second to avoid Hero-worship and third to work towards social democracy. He says all these and also justifies the Indian constitution.
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Then he prepared a speech "Annihilation Of Caste" for Lahore conference which actually got cancelled. He talks about all the caste systems in India especially targeting the Hindu caste system. His way of making one understand is distinct as he proves himself by giving examples from scriptures. He also quotes words from the great men successfully justifying those too. He pens down all those points in a speech form indicating each and every point he wants to deliver making it quite easy for us to understand.
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"Nothing is infallible. Nothing is binding forever. Everything is subject to inquiry and examination."
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A deep thought of Ambedkar is reflected from the above quote. He talks about castes which is actually creating a barrier between people in "Castes In India: Their Mechanism, Genesis & Development." The breakage of castes into subdivision is what is bringing difference among people. This Non-fiction is a must read book for all.

[Amisha · Rating 5 out of 5]

The rigidity and prejudices of caste system is very prevalent in India, even after 70 plus years since she got its independence. But, has India truly achieved her freedom in the highest degree and truest sense? I try to find the answer and observe that here in the speeches, the author keeps forward his fears and aspirations regarding the future of India. Surprisingly he gave these speeches a long time back, and are eerily relevant even in today's times. I feel immensely enlightened after reading these speeches, which is filled with meticulous details and observations regarding people and caste. Dr. Ambedkar has constantly emphasized on the fact that however good the constitution maybe but if the people in power are misusing it, then it will be of no use. This sentence is so simple to understand yet so powerful in implication. He has always been an inspiring icon for the nation, and this book will give you an opportunity to experience and learn about the invisible web of society and politics that surrounds our country, which at one side is essential to thrive but on the other can turn dangerously toxic and trap oneself to decay.
This book was a quick read and in the it conveyed many thoughts in the briefest and best way possible. To understand the foundation of India, its societal aspects, its historical blunders and ultimately its constitution, then you should definitely read this book consisting of words coming straight from the Chief Architect of Indian Constitution.

[Ashish · Rating 4 out of 5]

Very insightful classic, Ambedkar has explored and exposed the intricacies of caste at a time when Indian society completely chained with orthodoxy. Even our famous freedom fighters were not so concerned with the social reform instead fighting for political reform.
Book is collection of following three essays of ambedkar:---

In the grammar of anarchy :- He reasoned for the Indian Constitution and answered all the questions raised by his critics.

Annihilation of caste:- beautifully sketch the caste problems through many day to day examples of caste atrocities, also explained the psyche of Hindu society regarding caste problems and tried his best to give solutions for caste eradication based on sound reasoning.

Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and development:-- The topic itself explains the nature of thoughts.

[Radhika Gupta · Rating 5 out of 5]

Ambedkar has been an inspiration for millions of people out there to stand up against the evils of society and be a good citizen of the country. I have always loved his ideologies.

Srishti Publishers have taken three of the most prominent speeches given by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar at different places, after independence, explaining the Constitution, its making, and the thought process behind it. These speeches also include his views on anarchy, casteism in India, and the classism that still lives in our society.

The book is a smart anthology with cleverly chosen words of one of the most exquisitely passionate person who had sculpted India towards a better future. I loved the idea behind this book.

[Enakshi J. · Rating 3 out of 5]

Ambedkar’s India aims at reiterating the importance of the constitution and also aims at making the people realize the trivial issues that hinder the growth as a community. This book is a quick read. For all those who do not remember the idea and conception of the Indian Constitution, it will be a good experience reading about it in brief in this book.

Read the complete review here: https://aliveshadow.com/category-book...

[Mohamed Asraf · Rating 4 out of 5]

The level of Dr. Ambedkar’s grammar was 🤯. The Grammar of Anarchy section was top notch from the architect of the Indian Constitution.

His thesis on the genesis of castes helps to understand why caste had been formulated through human’s desire to imitate the prestigious.

A challenging book on a sensitive topic and explained elegantly. What to expect from the Nation’s most learned men of that time and maybe until now.

[Ajay · Rating 4 out of 5]

This dude was ahead of his time!

[Amrendra · Rating 5 out of 5]

This is quite a brilliant book on Castes and Nationalism in India. Ambedkar's three essays are here -
The Grammar of Anarchy
Annihilation of Caste &
Castes in India - Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development

All three are very well researched, rationally argued and scientifically posited. If you want to read on Castes in India, look no further and start here. As a student of Ethnography, Ambedkar links castes to religion and religious texts and credits Brahminical dominance as its origin and the reason for its propagation.

The Grammar of Anarchy is more on Constitutional and Democratic Principles and how we need to develop fraternity as a nation in order to realise our democratic goals. It admits that we are unprepared as a society for democracy in practice and it will remain a work in progress for a long time.

Ambedkar was a true scholar of his times and it reflects in his writings. That he was concious of the dangers lurking in the Indian Society to its adopted democratic ethos shows that he was an optimist realist. Whether we have proved him correct after 70 years of independence is something we can decide for ourselves while reading this masterpiece.

[Ashish Taneja · Rating 3 out of 5]

I had read 'Annihilation of Caste' in a different version and its impact has not diminished in the second reading. It really is a wonderful speech (undelivered) which raises a lot of eyebrows but also garners widespread respect for Ambedkar the thinker.

This book comprises of three essays -
1) Grammar of Anarchy (Good but not at the level of Annihilation of Caste)
2) Annihilation of Caste (Brilliant!)
3) Castes in India: genesis, mechanism and spread (Good but not at the level of Annihilation of Caste)

Definitely go for it if you haven't read Annihilation of Caste before. You can also read the version where the speech is introduced by Arundhati Roy's great article - The doctor and the saint. That version was much better than this one.

[Awnanya · Rating 5 out of 5]

"Bhakti in religion could lead to salvation. But in politics, Bhakti is a sure road to eventual dictatorship. "
Welcome to the world of Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar. Where hollow, empty promises and traditions take the backseat and face-slapping, harsh and mind-opening truth takes a front seat.
This book contains three works of B.R. Ambedkar.
-The Grammar of Anarchy
It was his last speech in the constituent assembly in India in Delhi on the day of adoption of the Constitution- 25 November 1949. Here he explains the importance of the Constitution, its execution of the Constitution, and how quickly it can fall if not followed properly. My favorite part, was when he emphasized that modifications of the Constitution are necessary over time, or this will become the law of the dead rather than the law of living. He also talks about why Indians should stand together as a nation and not as a people of particular creeds and races and put our independence in jeopardy for the second time. I couldn't believe this was something said in 1949 because observing closely still stands true. Because Ambedkar always feared, that if people place religion and caste above their country, their independence will be lost forever ( and it's somewhat lost today because we are not people with an opinion of our own. We are puppets of our caste, our religion, and our leader.)

-Castes in India
...and all Indians are my brother and sisters. I remember this oath. I hope you do too. But it actually should go like this-
All Indians are my brothers and sisters unless they are of a different religion. In that case, we look back to our feud with that religion. If they are Muslims, they are not our brothers and sisters instead they are terrorists who inter-marry in their own family and deserve nothing but a life of prolonged ill-fate and hatred. If they are of different castes, we look at the priority list of castes. If they are brahmans, we worship them. In the case of Kshatriya and Vaishya, they are fine but we do hurl insults at their faces because they are of different castes and blood. And god forbid if they are Shudras! Don't even think about going near them because they are manual scavengers, liquored impure untouchables who will turn you into dust if you even touch them.
Isn't this right?
This in-depth study of how classes become castes and sub-castes is a radical eye opener on the formation and development of the caste system in India.

-Annihilation of caste
I will be posting a different review on this one.

To conclude, this book is recommended only if you are not that person who is proud of yourself just because you are born in a certain religion and caste because that is not something in your control. Truth bombs will be dropped on your head, but you will eventually realize what it takes to consider every gender and every religion equal.

A five-star read for me!

[Jessica Zu · Rating 5 out of 5]

totally worth the time; needs periodic re-reading.

[ROHIT · Rating 5 out of 5]

Highly recommended!

[Aniket Das · Rating 5 out of 5]

Diving into the pages of "Ambedkar's India" felt like embarking on a profound journey through the intricacies of societal evolution. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar's masterpiece transcends mere historical documentation; it showcases his unparalleled vision and deep understanding of human nature.

I couldn't help but be captivated by Ambedkar's astute observations regarding societal injustices, especially those hidden within the echelons of privilege. His analogy of archaic practices like Sati and child marriage served as a poignant reminder of the transformative power of societal scrutiny. Ambedkar's insights into the structural and cultural foundations of discrimination highlighted the urgency of reform and the necessity of vigilance in safeguarding human rights.

Ambedkar's discourse on politics resonated with timeless relevance, urging us to navigate the murky waters of power with unwavering integrity. His admonition against exploiting noble causes for personal gain felt like a solemn reminder to today's political landscape. His analysis of the intersections of caste, class, and power provided a comprehensive framework for understanding the complexities of Indian society and the enduring challenges of achieving true democracy.

The issue of reservation, a perennial topic of debate, found profound elucidation in Ambedkar's writings. His unwavering commitment to genuine welfare through affirmative action stood as a beacon of hope amidst the tumult of societal inequality. Ambedkar's rationale for reservations is not merely about compensating for historical injustices but a strategic move towards creating a level playing field, ensuring marginalized communities have equitable access to opportunities and resources.

Eventhough I am someone who has personally encountered the rigidity of bureaucratic systems and cut-offs, I resonate deeply with Ambedkar's advocacy for equitable opportunities. His insistence on meritocracy tempered with compassion offers a refreshing perspective in a landscape fraught with systemic biases. His emphasis on education as a tool for empowerment underscores the importance of inclusive policies that cater to the diverse needs of the population.

Ambedkar's candid critique of religion, while controversial, served as a clarion call for introspection and intellectual rigor. It challenged me to confront my preconceived notions and delve into the depths of philosophical inquiry. His exploration of the role of religion in perpetuating social hierarchies invited me to reflect on the ethical and moral dimensions of my beliefs and practices.

In essence, "Ambedkar's India" is not merely a book; it is a profound manifesto for societal transformation. Its inclusion in educational curricula is not only warranted but imperative for nurturing critical thinking and fostering empathetic understanding. Ambedkar's vision of an equitable, just, and inclusive India remains as relevant today as it was during his lifetime.

[AJAY KHAITAN · Rating 4 out of 5]

Book Review: #Ambedkar’s #India

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, a pioneering social reformer and the chief architect of the Indian Constitution, provides a deep and incisive critique of #caste, oppressive #rituals, and #religious #orthodoxy in the book Ambedkar’s India. His analysis challenges the foundations of social hierarchy and argues for a religion based on ethical principles rather than rigid rules.

1. Analysis of the Origin of Castes in India:
Ambedkar saw caste not as a natural or economic division but as a rigid social construct imposed through religious and ideological means. He argued that caste originated from the practice of #enforced #endogamy(marriage within one's group), which was first imposed by Brahmins to preserve their status. Over time, other social groups followed suit, leading to the emergence of caste-based divisions.

He explained the rigidity of the caste system prevalent in his time with the observation:

"The sub-divisions (of caste) have lost the open door character of the class system and have become self-enclosed units called castes."

This meant that unlike classes, where mobility used to be possible through economic or social progress, castes had become closed groups with strict restrictions on marriage, occupation, and social interaction. This lack of mobility ensured that caste hierarchies remained fixed, perpetuating inequality for generations.

2. Origin of Age-Old Rituals like Sati, Child Marriage, etc. :
Ambedkar analyzed oppressive social rituals such as sati (widow immolation), child marriage, and the prohibition of widow remarriage as deliberate mechanisms to control women and maintain caste purity. He identified several causes for their prevalence:

•#Brahmanical #patriarchy, which sought to regulate women’s lives to uphold caste-based social structures.

•#Caste #purity concerns, which led to strict marriage rules to prevent inter-caste unions.

•#Demographic #pressures, where a declining sex ratio in some communities contributed to early marriage and restrictions on widows.


He argued that these rituals were not mere customs but systemic tools designed to uphold the oppressive caste hierarchy.

3. #Religion: #Principles vs. #Rules :
Ambedkar strongly believed that religion should be based on "ethical principles rather than rigid rules". He was deeply critical of orthodox Hinduism, which he saw as dominated by rituals that reinforced caste discrimination.

Ambedkar’s India presents a scathing yet scholarly critique of caste oppression and religious orthodoxy. His analysis of how caste divisions became rigid, combined with his call for a rational and just religion, remains relevant in contemporary discussions on caste, gender rights, and social justice.

[Neer · Rating 4 out of 5]

Ambedkar's India is a collection of 3 speeches of BhimRao “BabaSaheb” Ambedkar, the chief architect of Indian Constitution.⁣⁣⁣⁣
⁣⁣⁣⁣
🖋️ The Grammar Of Anarchy: The last speech delivered by him in the Constituent assembly of India in Delhi.It's motive to elaborate basic meaning & importance of constitution's role to the public of India.He explains the forthcoming responsibilities too.⁣⁣⁣
But let us not forget that this independence has thrown on us great responsibilities.By independence,we have lost the excuse of blaming the British for anything going wrong, we will have nobody to blame except ourselves.There is great dangers of thing's going wrong.⁣⁣⁣⁣
⁣⁣⁣⁣
🖋️ Annihilation Of Caste: This Never delivered speech deals with how caste ‘system’ is destroying the rich cultural heritage of world's largest democracy to the roots.⁣⁣⁣
Caste has killed public spirit.Caste has destroyed the sense of public charity. Caste has made public opinion impossible.Virtue has become⁣ caste-ridden and morality has become caste-bound.There's no sympathy for the deserving.⁣⁣⁣⁣
⁣⁣⁣⁣
🖋️ Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis And Development: Shows how caste which further led to sub-castes has slowly become to eat away the social order in the country.⁣⁣⁣
This sub-division is quite natural But the unnatural thing about these sub divisions is that they have lost the open-door character of the class system and have become self enclosed units called castes.⁣⁣⁣⁣
⁣⁣⁣⁣
Ambedkar's India is a book that needs to be read to be believed. With a lot to take away from and a whole more to ponder upon. Delivered in simple yet impactful manner, it strikes right to the spine of the reader.The book also gives an insightful take on issues like Bhakti in politics, corruption and simultaneous growth of the social and political systems.⁣⁣⁣⁣
⁣⁣⁣⁣
Go Read with an open mind and more importantly, an open heart!⁣⁣⁣⁣

[Ritu Mehta · Rating 5 out of 5]

Book Name:𝐀𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐝𝐤𝐚𝐫'𝐬 𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐚
Author: 𝐃𝐫 𝐁.𝐑. 𝐀𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐝𝐤𝐚𝐫
Genre:. 𝐍𝐨𝐧 𝐅𝐢𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧
Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Review:
🇮🇳I would Highly recommend to each and every citizen of India to read this book.🇮🇳
🇮🇳Dr. B.R. Ambedkar is known as a person who supported lower classes and castes in India but no one knows that he was a part of the drafting committee of our Indian Constitution.
📔This book is a collection of 3 of B.R Ambedkar's most prominent speeches on caste and the Indian Constitution.

𝟏. 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐀𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡𝐲:
This was B.R.Ambedkar's last speech in the constituent assembly of India in Delhi on the day of the adoption of the constitution- 25 November 1949.In this speech, he stated liberty, equality and faternity as the principles of life.
𝟐. 𝐀𝐧𝐧𝐢𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐟 𝐂𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐞:
This was a speech prepared by DR. B.R.Ambedkar to be delivered at the annual conference of the Jat-Pat-Todak Mandal of Lahore in 1936. But this speech was never delivered as it was cancelled by the reception committee on the grounds that the views expressed in this speech would be unbearable. Although this speech is the longest speech of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar but it has focused on many delicate topics which are major issues in the country. There are several other castes in Hindu itself which are clearly described here.The Equality and inequality amount castes and religions are also clearly mentioned. The communities like untouchables and other lower castes and the way they are treated and the way they should be treated is mentioned and should be followed by Everyone.
𝟑. 𝐂𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐬 𝐢𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐚: 𝐓𝐡𝐢𝐞𝐫 𝐦𝐞𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐦,𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐝𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐥𝐨𝐩𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭.
Dr.B.R.Ambedkar read this paper at a seminar at the Columbia university on 9 May,1916.He discussed the social phenomenon of marriage and how the brahmins marrying within their own particular caste led to the other castes around them to emulate them leading to a broader, more imposing caste divide within a passage of time.

[Parijat · Rating 5 out of 5]

Ambedkar’s India, a collection of 3 works by B.R. Ambedkar

Ambedkar’s India is a collection of three of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s most prominent speeches on caste and the Indian constitution. B.R.Ambedkar (1891-1956) was Independent India’s first Minister of Law and Justice, and is more popularly remembered as the chief architect of the Constitution of India. This book gives us a clear perspective on the notion that Ambedkar had for the betterment of Independent India.

“Equality may be a fiction, but nonetheless one must accept it as a governing principle”- Dr. B.R.Ambedkar

The Grammar of Anarchy is a step by step analysis about how he wanted to view Independent India as a nation. This part clearly tells about the vision of him. We get an idea of the way he wanted to construct India towards a better future.

“The basic idea underlying religion is to create an atmosphere for the spiritual development of the individual”- Dr. B.R.Ambedkar

Annihilation of Caste – this was a speech prepared by him to be delivered at the Annual conference of the Jat-Pat-Tadak Mandal of Lahore in 1936. However, it was never delivered. Here, he has meticulously described how the caste system is destroying the rich culture of India.

“The Indian Peninsula has not only a geographic unity but it has over and above all a deeper and much more fundamental unity.”- Dr. B.R.Ambedka

Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development- This paper was read by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar at an anthropological seminar at Columbia University. This has been an eye-opener section where he has spoken about how classes went on to become castes and sub-castes. The system of caste and its dark aspects are well explained in this paper.

If you are someone who loves to read and gain knowledge about different subjects, you should pick this one for sure.

[Aman · Rating 4 out of 5]

One must approach the forever controversial topic of castes in India by letting go of any sentimental biases for a clear understanding. To maintain absolute objectivity from each angle the problem is viewed from remains a difficult exercise. Consequently, one of the main reason that his three speeches(2 delivered+1 non-delivered) creates a blue-book to deal with the issues faced today by the populace in the country. Gabriel Tarde views of imitation and derivation of caste customs and endogamy achieved through psychological and mechanistic means are applied to understand the origin of the problem after all, imitation is easy and invention is difficult. Child marriage, enforced widowhood and sati solved problems of a surplus man and surplus woman from an entirely objective point of view which was aimed at maintaining the endogamy of the caste. Ambedkar believes these customs to be initially practiced and then given a foundation in the texts through stories which led to it becoming the norm and excommunication for any individual harboring any opposing view or creation of a mixed caste. The solution according to Ambedkar can only be found by developing critical thinking which the religious text did not allow and bringing the practice of endogamy to its cessation.
Grammar of Anarchy lays down a problem in front of a young nation at the time this speech was delivered. Access to justice is a fundamental right which wasn't available at the disposal of the common person under British India which rightly resulted in Satyagraha and other forms of agitation. The nation needs to learn and use this right efficiently and unconstitutional methods of agitation creates a recipe for anarchy. Ambedkar from an ethnological vantage point understood the problem of hero worship in a nation and asked the population to be wary of the precarious exercise.

[Neha Bhatt · Rating 4 out of 5]

Title - Ambedkar's India
Author - B.R.Ambedkar
Pages - 152
Genre - Biography / Dairies
Publisher - Srishti Publishers & Distributors
Date Published - 28th June 2020
Format - Paperback

🔹

Ambedkar's India is a collection of three very important and well-known speeches of B.R. Ambedkar on caste, and the Indian Constitution. The three speech includes:


The Grammar of Anarchy


"Indifferentism is the worst kind of disease that can affect people".


Annihilation of Caste


"In the fight for swaraj, you fight with the whole nation on your side. In this [Caste], you have to fight against the whole nation - and that too, your own".

Castes in India


"This subdivision of a society is quite natural. But the unnatural thing about these sub-divisions is that they have lost the open-door character of the class system and have become self-enclosed units called castes".


I am a person who is not into politics, but I found this book intriguing. The speeches, the information about the caste, and the Constitution kept my interest up till the end. It is a very informative book, and this book is for everyone. The cover gives a patriotic feeling. The language is lucid and easy to understand. There are lots more inside this book, so grab your book now.

I recommend this book to everyone because I feel that not all books should be judged on patriotism, like if a book is related to a politician, or if a book is on politics so only those who are interested in politics should read it. I believe everyone should read especially this book, as it gives a brief history of B.R. Ambedkar's speech of caste and the Indian Constitution. 😊❤️

🔹

[Ayyu · Rating 5 out of 5]

This book consists of three works of Dr Ambedkar

1) Grammar Of Anarchy : In this speech he Expresses his vision for india after drafting
The Constitution

He explains his thoughts on democracy and 'What we must do to preserve it'

He also presents thoughts on religion especially when used in politics which was Very Interesting given the current situation Of indian politics

I would rate this work a 8/10

2) Anhilation Of Caste : NOW THIS WORK
This is the main speech of this book
He prepared this marvelous speech
But IT WAS A SHAME that he wasn't allowed To present it

The committee claimed the speech to be 'Unbearable '

This work uncovers the oppressions of Caste system , especially by the upper Castes on the so called untouchables (Dalits)

He also differs between the castes in other Religion as compared to Hinduism

Dr Ambedkar also touches upon the View that most people hold that 'The caste System is seperate from Hinduism and its scriptures'

I really loved this work, It is Informative and The writing style of Dr Ambedkar is both Enjoyable and Clear

I'd rate this a 10/10 anytime

3) Castes in india : Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development : This was a paper He published

A bit technical this work is but is greatly Instructive while understanding castes
How castes function?
How did they originate?
And how they developed

Not much to say about this work

I'd give this work a 9/10

I highly recommend reading this book
Especially to my fellow indians

With that saying, Jai Hind

[Aditi Pansari · Rating 4 out of 5]

Actual rating : 4.8/5

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the Independent India's first Minister of Law and Justice. He was a well-known scholar, politician, economist, jurist and most importantly, a social reformer. He was the chief architect of the Constitution of India which was given on 25 November, 1949. He mainly reformed against the caste discrimination in India.

Ambedkar's India is a collection of three most prominent speeches by Dr. Ambedkar.

1. The Grammar of Anarchy : This was his last speech in the Constituent Assembly of India, given on 25 November 1949. This speech depicts the concerns and the patriotism of the visionary that he was. It also tells about the dilemmas the Assembly had to face to prepare the Constitution.

2. Annihilation of Caste : This speech was to be delivered at the Annual Conference of the Jat-Pat-Todak Mandal of Lahore in 1936 but couldn't due to cancellation of the Conference. This work reflects how the caste system has been eating up the cultural diversity and oneness of India.

3. Castes in India - Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development : This speech was delivered at a seminar in Columbia University on 9 May 1916. It is a thoroughly researched study of further division of castes into sub-castes.

I feel it is a must read for the youth as it brings out all the things that is wrong with the caste system and instills patriotism for our country at the same time.

[Miraa · Rating 5 out of 5]

Ambedkar's India
A Collection of 3 works by B. R. Ambedkar on Castes and the Constitution
Publisher:Srishti Publishers @srishtipub

I can't really review this enlightening book of speeches by an idol like Ambedkar ji who was our first Minister of Law and Justice and is also known as the chief architect of the constitution.

These three speeches provide in depth insight on Ambedkar ji's ideas on the Castes and the Constitution.

(1) The Grammar of Anarchy
He expresses his concern and defends the constitution. Expressing his thoughts on working of the constitution, Ambedkar ji said that the constitution can provide only the organs of State and people and the political parties are responsible for the working of the constitution.

(2)Annihilation of Caste
"Religion is for man, and not man for religion."

(3)Castes in India : Their Mechanisms, Genesis and Development
This shows the development of castesim in India and specifically the scenario of the society then.

From the beginning of time, there has been discrimination and inequality on many basis. Having experiencing it from his childhood, Ambedkar ji vehemently protested against it. His speeches are relatable even now.
It is a really informative. By justifying the constitution and exposing the society evils, this book is an eye opener. It might be boring for the disinterested ones.

Read this, if you are intrigued by our constitution and wish to know more about the scenario of the society then.
~Miraa
Be magical✨!

[Anshika · Rating 3 out of 5]

Being from the humanities stream, learning about B.R Ambedkar's perspective about our country and the factors affecting our country's growth was a good decision.

This book is a collection of speeches of Dr B.R Ambedkar and gives you a new insight about our country which we fail to see otherwise.

The book is divide into three parts consisting B.R Ambedkar's three most prominent speeches. With clear language and important topics discussed, book gives us proper view of Ambedkar's ideas on our country's politics.

Three speeches are-
1. “The Grammar of Anarchy”- This speech reflects his love and affection towards our country and it's citizen of all class and casts. It was his last speech given in Delhi and mainly talks about Constitution

2. “Annihilation of Caste”- This speech was never actually delivered and explained his views behind cast system. According to him ,Swaraj without equality will lead to slavery .

3. "Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development”- This speech talks about how class have turned into caste which later turned into sub castes. He talks about castes and thier development in details and will leave you in awe with his intelligence.

It doesn't matter if you are interested in politics or not, I recommend this book to anyone who wants to read an eye-opening text about our country and know the true meaning of independence.