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228 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 1974
There is no smell in the world of food to equal the perfume of baking bread and few greater pleasures in eating than sitting down with a slice of freshly baked bread" [ - James Beard, Introduction]
It goes without saying that your knives should always be very sharp. A serrated knife can be sharpened on a steel — but only the flat side. [Observations | Bread Knives]
"You really can't make good bread unless you can feel the texture, softness, and elasticity of the dough through your hands." [-James Beard, Introduction]
When it is thoroughly cool place it in a plastic bag or plastic wrap, and refrigerate or store at room temperature. It will last from 2 to 7 days, depending on the character of the bread. If it is extremely moist watch carefully in case it should start to mold, although it very seldom does. If some mold has formed it can be cut away and the bread used without hesitation. Naturally, bread will keep better under refrigeration. [Observations | Cooling and Storing Bread]
[S]tarch retrogradation, one aspect of staling, happens faster at lower temperatures, such as those you might find in a refrigerator. Below freezing, however, retrogradation (and staling) practically stop. [- Emily Jane Buehler, Bread Science]
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Bread stales most rapidly at +5°C, so it should never be stored in the refrigerator. At -5°C, staling stops, so freezing is a good way of suspending the ageing of bread. However, to freeze and thaw bread, it must be passed twice through its temperature of maximum staling and this is estimated to add the equivalent of a day's worth of staling at room temperature [- Andrew Whitley, Bread Matters | Chapter 13: Growing Old Gracefully]
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The refrigerator, by the way, is not a good place to store bread. The usual temperature of a refrigerator does indeed delay mould for a time, but is also just the one to draw out moisture. [- Elizabeth David, English Bread and Yeast Cookery, p.225]
Active dry yeast should be dissolved in liquid at a temperature of about 100° to 115°, while compressed yeast should be dissolved in liquid that is no warmer than about 95°. These limits should be carefully observed. [...] There is a new method being promoted today whereby dried yeast is simply blended with the other dry ingredients and then mixed with liquid that has been heated to as much as 120° to 130°. A lot of people like this method because it is so easy. Frankly, I find that while it may cut down your time, I prefer the old-fashioned way; perhaps the dough rises faster, but it is at the expense of the final flavor [Observations | Leavener]
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[T]oast is often kept too long in a rack, so it becomes cold, although crisp. I am not sure which is the greater crime [...] Nothing is as revolting as the plate of toast one usually receives in a restaurant or a hotel; this comes buttered and wrapped in a napkin, and while it may have been crisp when it came from the toaster, it has, in the meantime, steamed to a most unpleasant texture. [...] [O]ne seldom finds toast that is really toasted. Usually it is a flabby piece of warmed bread with a slight color to it. [Observations | Toast]
Salt-Rising Bread [...] is unpredictable. You may try the same recipe without success three or four times and find that it works the fifth time. Or you may get a loaf that is halfway good. If it works, fine; if it doesn't, forget it. I am including it in this collection because it is a worthy recipe, but I do so with a warning that you may be disappointed. [Basic Yeast Bread and Other White-Flour Breads]
The wrong knife can tear bread, especially if the bread is fresh or very soft. Fortunately, in the last several years, we have had on the market a great variety of good knives with serrated edges...