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735 pages, Kindle Edition
First published September 15, 2020
All-or-nothing thinking (AON). Seeing things only in black and white terms, for instance, that a person loves your or he hates you, without shades of gray.Okay, so you go through your itemized list of negative thoughts and find out which thought conforms to which negative thought pattern. For instance, in the example above, I wrote the sentence, 'This person doesn't like me.' Well, in this case of someone not responding to a message you sent them, this would be an obvious case of jumping to conclusions, mind-reading (MR) in particular, assuming you know what the other person thinks.
Overgeneralizing (OG). Taking one instance and generalizing it to others. This happened in this case so it must apply to all cases. You can identify these negative thought patterns by looking at what you tell yourself always or never happens.
Jumping to conclusions. Jumping to conclusions comes in two varieties:
Mind-reading (MR). Thinking you know the internal motives of another person on the basis of no independent evidence.
Fortune-telling (FT). Thinking you know what the future holds.
Magnification/Minimization (MAG/MIN). Blowing things out of proportion or reducing them to such a small size, they're puny in comparison to other things.
Mental Filter (MF). Looking at only the bad stuff and filtering out what's good about a situation or a person.
Disqualifying the positive (DP). Looking at something good that has happened and telling yourself it doesn't count, for whatever reason.
Should Statements (SH). Telling yourself that something should happen or should have happened, as if human behavior is supposed to operate according to your own internal principles.
Blame. FYI, in the original book, Burns called this "Personalization," but he saw fit to call it blame in this book and split it into two parts: Self-Blame (SB), and Other-Blame (OB).
Emotional Reasoning (ER). Assuming because you feel some way that it must follow that your feeling reflects fact.
Labeling (LAB). Labeling events and people as though the events and people are those things essentially. For instance, you call your former friend a bad person on the basis of this instance in which you're mad at him.