The New Testament requires us to take the Old Testament as ethically normative for today as the New Testament (2 Timothy 3:16-17, Psalm 119:116, Matthew 4:4 a quotation of Deuteronomy 8:1-3). The entire Bible is our ethical standard and always should be (Deuteronomy 12:32). Jesus was clear on the old testament law’s binding ethical authority (Matthew 5:17-19, Luke 16:17) and so were Paul and James.
“We must presume continuity of binding authority in all parts of God’s law unless stated clearly in the New Testament (example Hebrews writes on the end of ceremonial law and the Leviticus priesthood). This would logically then include the continuing obligation of the civil magistrates to obey and enforce the revenant laws of the Old Testament”.
The morality of the OT and the NT are identical, as taught by Paul and Christ.
Rejection of God’s law is the first step in rejecting God, because God is a moral being.
What is of permanent moral authority is the principle illustrated in the law, not the culture detail used to illustrate it.
This spread of God’s word into government is never to be done by force but by means of the great commission.
Those who believe that God’s law for society ought be obeyed, should be concerned with how God’s law for society be obeyed. Not worried just about the punishment of offenders, but their just treatment upon conviction as well.
Throughout scripture we see the sin of replacing God as principal law giver, from Adam to the Pharisees. Instead of learning from God’s law, man tends to use personal moral principles and experience to replace God as the supreme law giver, and this is a sin.
Caesar was lord over all in the time of Rome including civil moral rule, against this the early church answered the civil magistrate (as mentioned in Romans 13:1) saying that all authority on heaven and on earth resided in the resurrected messiah (Matthew 28:18). We see this also in Revelation with the mark of the beast signifying a submission to Nero’s authority rather than Christ authority (which should be written on our foreheads and hands Deuteronomy 6:8). That is why those in opposition to the beast are described as those who keep the commands of God and faith in Jesus (Revelation 14:1 and 12).
Will our country’s morals and laws be founded on the sure rock of God’s word, or the ruinous sands of “democratic” human opinion?
Obedience, if it is genuine biblical obedience, cannot be restricted to our own personal conduct. Full obedience embraces an interest in the obedience of those around you (psalm 51:13, Matthew 28:18-20).
“The least of God’s commandments, if they bind us, bind others. We must resist the virulent poison of individualism which tolerates in others the indifference and disobedience which we cannot justify in ourselves. The moment we become complacent to the sins of others, then we have begun to relax our on grip on the sanctity of the commandments of God. And we are on the way to condoning the same sin in ourselves.”
-John Murray
Support being Psalm 119:53, psalm 50:18, Ephesians 5:11
Normative reason to obey God’s law:
Motivational reason to obey God’s law in love:
Love is the fulfillment of the law. “Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.”
Romans 13:10 it does not abrogate or obliterate the law, but obeys it (John 14:15)
Consequential reason to obey God’s law:
Galatians 6:7
Evil living will not bring about happiness and joyous living, for then the holiness and justice of God would be a mockery.
All bring us to the conclusion that God’s law is authoritative in contemporary ethics.
Threefold use of the law according to the reformers:
Political use for restraining the ungodly behavior of unregenerate man (1 Timothy 1:9-10, the law was made to restrain the sinfulness of man)⬇️
“Even where there is no saving faith, the law serves to restrain sin and to preserve the order of creation, by proclaiming the will of God. But its judgements and threats of condemnation and punishment, the written law along with the law of conscience hinders sin among the unregenerate.”
-Carl FH Henry
Pedagogical use of the law to bring light on the sin of man to help drive a man to the promise of grace through the conviction of sin.
Didactic use where the law supplies a rule for life of the believers, helping them know God’s will.
Political implications
If we are to honor God in all we do, then voting should be included in that, as well as who we verbalize support for in elections.
If our rulers will also one day answer to God for their personal actions and political leadership. It is loving that we encourage them to seek God’s face and will.
Law and politics in the Gentile nations
Many arguments against theocracy in Christian ethics state the law was given only to Israel in the Old Testament, and not to the surrounding gentile nations. This is flawed thinking, as all moral law, we understand to apply to all people, and not Christians alone. If moral applies to all, how can civil law not? is any delineation made between universal law and local law in the Tech scripture? Then how has this become the popularized view of today?
All people are under the standards of God’s law in every form, whether written in the law or their hearts (see Romans)
If all children are to honor their mother and father, as we see in Ephesians, then are not all government officials morally obligated to enforce God’s law and just punishment as specified by God‘s word.
God blessed his people with explicit teachings on civil government, and set a standard for the gentiles to follow as they are Christianized. (Deuteronomy 4:5-8, Leviticus 24:22, Isaiah 51:4, Isaiah 2:2-3)
The Old Testament perspective was that God’s law had international and civic relevance. Binding character was not confined to the borders of Israel.
Gentile rulers of the Old Testament are often referred to as the rod and staff of the most high God, as God use them thereby Ives to punish the law breakers (Isaiah 10:1)
When they failed in this duty, the nations were punished (Isaiah 1:12-13). His was viewed as enthroned over all nations, making gentile rulers the deputies of God (psalm 47:2,7-9; psalm 93:1-2, proverbs 16:12, proverbs 29:4, psalm 97:2). It was an abomination if any ruler justified the wicked or condemned the righteous (proverbs 17:15).
Thus civil magistrates must deter evil by appealing to God’s law (Roman 13:3). How could this be the case if the magistrates do not justly appeal to God’s written law? To be truly, just they must appeal to the one true moral standard, which is God’s law.
In Leviticus 18:24-27 we see that there is one moral standard for all societies.
If not God’s law but autonomous laws made by made rule a society, then the sword is surely to be wielded in vain in contradiction to Romans 13. It becomes the brute force of some men’s will against the will of other men, and justice becomes whatever serves the strong men in a society (“strong” through physicality or media manipulation).
Crime and punishment
Genesis 18:25, if the civil magistrate are to punish evil doers by God standards, then who better to prescribe the righteous implementation of justice than God Himself?
Martin Luther said, “If God will have wrath what business do you have being merciful? What a fine mercy to me it would be to have mercy on the thief and murderer and let him kill, abuse and rob me.”
Without an appeal to God‘s law in the civil realm, men can have no objective reasoning to call unjust punishment unjust. If stealing two pennies was worthy of the death penalty, but killing an innocent child was only penalized two pennies, then we need an objective standard to appeal against this.
⬆️and what are the alternatives? Arbitrary tyranny? Complete Anarchy?
Arguments against God’s law in the civil realm..
Argument: Imposing God’s civil law on those not converted would be to overlook the proper context for the use of such a law (example: Israel in the OT).
Response: First, we would not be forcibly implementing this on an unwilling society. We pray that citizens would adopt God’s standards as the law of the land. As secularist campaign for their view of justice to be law, so Christians should also argue that God’s law be used for the law. Second, We are also only concerned with moral laws that stand in the new covenant. Do we see that in the Old Testament, God’s moral law was only to be implemented in the government of Israel? No (see above)