This Land Is Our Land is a taut series of essays that attempts to re-frame our conceptions of climate change and environmental justice. As someone who has read a few books on the topic now, the information presented here usually just reiterates things I learned from Naomi Klein's This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. the Climate or various Bill McKibben essays, especially since this book is so short compared to some other comprehensive takes on the topic. But perhaps a fairer and more recent comparison would be Klein's On Fire: The Case for the Green New Deal, a book which I did not actually review since it probably didn't add much to any environmentalists' understanding of the topic. And in considering these short 2019 entries into the environmental justice literature side-by-side, I have to say Purdy offers something more, however abstract and lofty his prose may be to some people.
As I alluded to, this book is not likely to provide a wealth of knowledge to any reader hoping to learn about specific issues facing our planet, our economies, and our lifestyles. Its intention is to change the terms and scope in which we think about environmentalism through sober yet subtly inspiring essays, painting the topic in a different light for those readers leaving the comfort zone of middle class liberal environmentalism and exploring environmental justice for perhaps the first time. What is a commonwealth? What kind of meaning do we ascribe to the land and what kind of meaning do we naturally derive from it? What are the sources of power in society and how are they be wielded to effect change—for better or worse? What kind of values does our economy impose on our (malleable) human nature? How are these codified in legal and social institutions? While a reader would benefit (and here I felt very lucky) from having read some Hobbes, Rawls, Marx, and Piketty, hell, even Thoreau and Shakespeare, these touch-points are not essential in understanding this book since Purdy situates them in discussions and topics which he has already fleshed out; the references are pertinent enough to not feel tacked on and brief enough to accentuate Purdy's own arguments and not serve as a crutch.
At first glance, this seems to be another series of vignettes, much like Klein's On Fire. Fortunately (for me at least), Purdy homes in on some concrete topics in the second half of the book that made this a worthwhile read. But first, his discussions are admittedly a bit divorced from the material things I find most important in environmental justice issues and it is all rather utopian and noble sounding as he attempts to set the record on terms like 'homeland' and 'commonwealth' in the preface. Like Klein's essays, Purdy takes the reader on a brief tour of jeopardized or already ruined terrains, such as Bears Ears National Monument in Utah and the Appalachian coal mines in West Virginia respectively. These detours allow him to explore issues such as representative politics, industrial regulations, climate denialism, and 'war' mentality (think: war on coal), but to me they just felt too superficial and brief to warrant inclusion.
Following these early letdowns was a surprisingly good segue leading up to the important chapters. The chapter "Losing A Country" at first comes across as a stereotypical post-November 2016 liberal sulk story (okay, I was distraught too), though it turns into something useful in showing us how to re-think of the environment and what we need to do going forward. For the short length of this book, Purdy spends quite a bit of time discussing Thoreau's conception of nature and his disillusionment with his country. Eventually he came to see nature—through his walks, rudimentary farming, and meditations—not as a place we can escape to but something more tarnished and tragic, something with an indelible element of human impact. In other words, nature is not something we go to on vacation or weekends to get away; it is something we are always in and always impacting. Yet the ray of light in this sad and destructive relationship is our ability to rectify, to heal, and to make amends in hopes of a better future not just for the planet, but by extension, ourselves.
With the semantics and metaphysics settled, Purdy moves on to more pressing matters in Chapters 4 and 5, both of which I found significant and worth recommending to new environmentalists. Here we have an explanation of environmental racism and a broad definition of infrastructure—not just roads, pipelines, and ports but also housing, food, healthcare, legal, and economic systems. In conspicuously non-Marxist terms, Purdy explains the failures of our institutions, our need for endless economic growth and consumptive lifestyles. Klein is a bit more assertive about her anticapitalist message, which is vital in combating climate change, but Purdy explains it just forcefully enough to not seem like a fraudulent messenger of environmental justice issues. He clearly states that the economic system must change and in earlier essays also advocated broad-based worker unions and strike tactics. Additionally, Purdy is acutely critical of elitist environmentalism dominated by wealthy white lawyers, ecologists, and professional, many times corporate, activists. Given that he is a legal scholar I understand why he isn't always brash in his criticisms, but these criticisms are present and not simply phoned in either.
As with anyone tackling this topic, Purdy has no easy solutions, though I do find his more compelling than most. He spends much less time discussing a Green New Deal than Klein, but he seems to have in mind something like that, which would include a jobs program, massive infrastructure upgrades, healthcare benefits, housing programs, etc. Ideally for him (and for this reader) it would correct the racism and sexism and environmental degradation of its namesake. Given Purdy's background, I was intrigued to read about some legal barriers or opportunities with regards to environmental policy. One suggestion is stricter enforcement of the various legislation from the 1970s (which signified environmentalism's real introduction to federal government despite earlier projects like parks), and while this is not a very good solution on its own, it would serve as one piece of the quilt. I was hoping for but not expecting (due to the conciseness of this book) some discussion of international law and trade policy, but Klein's This Changes Everything will have to suffice for my knowledge on that topic. But Purdy does touch on internationalism, which for me was one of the most uplifting parts of the book. While we do need international collaboration (still daunting of course) to effectively combat climate change, there is no requirement to have an international government (and one that can actually enforce things) to see meaningful changes. For instance, China and the U.S. could massively curtail emissions and have a measurable impact immediately, perhaps also using their superpower influence to bring other countries into the fold. I do think this discussion, like all of the others, was too brief, although it did add something that some other books on the topic, in their overwhelming pessimism, seem to lack.
But alas, it all looks so bleak—even while reading and discussing this thoughtful little book.