This is a story that needs to be told, it’s about a time in history when things were very different, when trying to seek personal happiness was fraught with danger, of fear of exposure, public humiliation and being ostracised by your family, friends and work colleagues not to mention possibly prison. But despite this they were prepared to risk public exposure to themselves, to bring to the public notice the vile, hateful and barbaric nature of Hitler's Germany. That time has thankfully passed and hopefully will not return.
The name ‘Glamour Boys’ was used as a coded reference by the disapproving/hostile to suggest that they were not quite like, ‘conventional men’ who like them were interested in the opposite sex. Interestingly by the autumn of 1940 this epithet was applied to pilots of RAF Fighter Command, with no suggestion that they were anything other than fully heterosexual.
The author painter a description of Berlin in the 20s and early 30s where gay life was open and carefree (homosexuality was against the law but the law wasn't enforced). For gay men visiting from this country, Berlin must have seem like being in paradise.
By contrast, this country must have felt repressive indeed frightening. London in the same period while having many gay establishments was enveloped by fear of arrest, disgrace and all that the ‘morally pure’ could throw at them (and given half a chance still do). While money and social position could certainly protected you, it could go only so far.
What is easily forgotten was that for the upper third of society it was a very very male world. It started at single sex school, university, then the law, business or a stint in the Armed Forces before moving on to politics-Parliament–government, this along with the clubs of Pall Mall was an environment almost exclusively of men, but whether married or otherwise most men found it very congenial.
Some 200 out of a total of 600 or so MP's, were ‘bachelors’ (not all by any means gay) at a time when in the general population there are more women than men (as a result of the First World War and the death of 715,000 men) did come as a surprise.
Many gay men who knew Berlin during the time of the Wiemar Republic were not that concerned when the Nazis seize power (legally) to begin with. They were prepared to see what National Socialism really meant. But the Boys discovered earlier on, first from letters then by travelling to Berlin and seeing for themselves what what was happening inside the county and to their friends.
Leading Nazis were happy to organise visits for foreign visitors (who they thought were of like mind) to see their local Concentration Camp and how they helped the degenerates of society (Jews, communists, other political opponents, homosexuals Freemasons and gypsies) to see the error of their ways and become ‘model German citizens’.
Most people in Britain didn’t have the means to travel so got their news from the newspapers, many of who’s proprietors were very happy to pander to Hitler's grievance agenda, (the Versailles treaty and it's apparent injustices) and gave the Nazis an easy ride. Since the end of the First World War successive German governments and other members of the elite have been lying to their population about who started the war and why they lost it (perfidious Albion, and stab in the back by Jewish/communists politicians). Not to mention how terrible unfair the Treaty of Versailles was not lest clause 231 the War Guilt Clause.
This book makes clear that from all parts of the social hierarchy in this county low-level anti-Semitism was rife, mainly (but not exclusively) verbally insult. Peoples readiness to be discourteous and other general unpleasantness which they directed towards those who were different (from them) was widespread and casual in its utterances. This may go some way but only a very short way, to explain why when reports of what was happening to the Jews and others who the Nazis didn't like was met with a degree of unconcerned indifference.
Some men come into Downing Street suffering from hubris others acquired in office (Tony Blair, David Cameron) in Chamberlain's case it's the former. Both his father and half brother had held Cabinet positions but he has gone one better he was now Prime Minister. Chamberlain thought his policy of appeasement could achieved something that neither his father nor half brother had, a treaty to avoid war, had this been achieved the Nobel Peace Price may well have come his way as well, now that would have been the icing on the cake as his half brother Austin had been awarded the prize in 1926 for the Locarno treaty.
Chamberlain followed public opinion, he did not lead it and public opinion was against another war at almost any price. Had the public seen the Air Ministries estimates of the number of deaths and wounded they believed would result from a bombing campaign directed at London, they would've been even more determined to avoid war. These figures were truly terrifying, thankfully the estimates were very very wide of the mark.
Chamberlain was quite prepared to use all the levers of power legal or otherwise to silence his critics. Asking Sir George Joseph Ball, barrister, intelligence officer and shady political operator to keep a close eye are all those who opposed his appeasement policy. Ball also control a weekly pro fascist publication called the Truth, a vile anti-Semitic scandal rag.
What is all too often overlooked is that when Chamberlain gets off the plane at Heston aerodrome and waves a piece of paper in the air, that piece of paper is not the Munich Agreement it is something he cobble together with Hitler that morning and which becomes ‘peace in our times’.
I would suggest subconsciously he knew that the Munich agreement was a dishonourable and disgraceful business. Which is why he ensured that ‘peace in our time’ took centre stage and what most people, if asked were cheering for. This goes some way to explaining the great rejoicing in this country and abroad when he came back from Munich, having apparently achieved peace. Czechoslovakia was swiftly relegated to the inside pages and quietly forgotten.
It took courage to stand up to the government machine and a Prime Minister with a vindictive streak against those who opposed his grand design. The press barons who should have known better, instead they made excuse for what was going on and why this county should not interfere and then dismiss what their own reporters were saying to pedal a very rose tinted view of Hitler and his gang.
When Neville Chamberlain died of bowel cancer in November 1940 you would have had great difficulty finding anyone in this country who said they had supported him at the time of Munich a little over two years before.
I wouldn't go so far as some who suggest that the Glamour Boys outshine Churchill in they're bringing to the public's attention what was going on in Germany and the evils of Nazism. Both Churchill and the Boys worked together to achieve that result.
An easy read, very gossipy but an enjoyable book. It's clear that the author enjoyed writing it.
C.S.